Python 从迭代器的CSV向django模型分配数据

我正在从CSV读取信息到django模型，但它不断抛出一个

ValueError:无法分配“'Sheffield United'”：“Match.home\u team”必须是一个“team”实例。

我可以在管理界面中很好地添加数据（可能很明显），但尝试以编程方式添加数据会导致错误

我对“League”也有同样的问题，只是为了测试而对其进行了注释——League（“E2”）对象和球队“Sheffield United”都存在于数据库中，因为我添加了它们来测试这一点

然后，我将它们更改为，例如

home\u team=team.objects.get（id=row[2]）

。我认为这可能解决了最初的问题，但我现在得到：

ValueError:invalid literal for int（），以10为基数：'Sheffield United'

，这让人困惑，因为它是一个字符串

Models.py：

class League (models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=2)
    last_modified = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return unicode(self.name)

class Team(models.Model):
    team_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    league = models.ForeignKey(League)
    team_colour = models.CharField(max_length=6, null=True, blank=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return unicode (self.team_name)

class Match(models.Model):
    RESULT_CHOICES = (
        ('H', 'Home'),
        ('D', 'Draw'),
        ('A', 'Away'))
    league = models.ForeignKey(League)
    match_date = models.DateTimeField()
    home_team = models.ForeignKey(Team)
    away_team = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    full_time_home_goals = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    full_time_away_goals = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    full_time_result = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=RESULT_CHOICES, blank=True, null=True)
    half_time_home_goals = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    half_time_away_goals = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    half_time_result = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=RESULT_CHOICES,blank=True, null=True)
    home_shots = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    away_shots = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    home_shots_on_target = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    away_shots_on_target = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    home_corners = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    away_corners = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    home_yellow = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    away_yellow = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    home_red = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    away_red = models.PositiveSmallIntegerField(blank=True, null=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return unicode(self.home_team) + " v " + unicode(self.away_team) + " " + unicode(self.match_date)
    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Matches"

我正在使用的管理命令是：（现在我从命令行运行它来调试它，所以我从代码中去掉了BaseCommand子类——它不会影响我看到的错误。）

原始回溯（关于“必须是实例”错误：）

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“manage.py”，第10行，在
从命令行（sys.argv）执行命令
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第453行，从命令行执行
utility.execute（）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第392行，在execute中
self.fetch_命令（子命令）。从_argv（self.argv）运行_
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第272行，在fetch_命令中
klass=加载命令类（应用程序名称，子命令）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第77行，在load_command_类中
模块=导入模块（“%s.management.commands.%s%”（应用程序名称，名称））
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/utils/importlib.py”，导入模块第35行
__导入（名称）
文件“/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/core/management/commands/importsv.py”，第24行，在
全职结果=第[6]行，
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/base.py”，第403行，在__
setattr（self，field.name，rel_obj）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/fields/related.py”，第405行，在__
self.field.name，self.field.rel.to.\u meta.object\u name））
ValueError:无法分配“'Sheffield United'”：“Match.home_team”必须是“team”实例。

最近的回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/core/management/commands/ImportCSV.py", line 14, in <module>
    home_team = Team.objects.get(id=row[2]),
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 143, in get
    return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 379, in get
    clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 655, in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 673, in _filter_or_exclude
    clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1266, in add_q
    can_reuse=used_aliases, force_having=force_having)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1197, in add_filter
    connector)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 71, in add
    value = obj.prepare(lookup_type, value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 339, in prepare
    return self.field.get_prep_lookup(lookup_type, value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 322, in get_prep_lookup
    return self.get_prep_value(value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 555, in get_prep_value
    return int(value)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'Sheffield United'

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“manage.py”，第10行，在
从命令行（sys.argv）执行命令
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第453行，从命令行执行
utility.execute（）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第392行，在execute中
self.fetch_命令（子命令）。从_argv（self.argv）运行_
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第272行，在fetch_命令中
klass=加载命令类（应用程序名称，子命令）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/core/management/_init__.py”，第77行，在load_command_类中
模块=导入模块（“%s.management.commands.%s%”（应用程序名称，名称））
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/utils/importlib.py”，导入模块第35行
__导入（名称）
文件“/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/core/management/commands/importsv.py”，第14行，在
home_team=team.objects.get（id=row[2]），
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/manager.py”，get中第143行
返回self.get\u query\u set（）.get（*args，**kwargs）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/query.py”，第379行，在get中
clone=self.filter（*args，**kwargs）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/query.py”，过滤器中第655行
返回self.\u filter\u或\u exclude（False、*args、**kwargs）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/query.py”，第673行，在“filter”或“exclude”中
clone.query.add_q（q（*args，**kwargs））
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py”，第1266行，在add_q中
can_reuse=使用的_别名，force_having=force_having）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py”，第1197行，在add_过滤器中
连接器）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py”，第71行，添加
值=对象准备（查找类型，值）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py”，第339行，在prepare中
返回self.field.get\u prep\u lookup（lookup\u类型，值）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site packages/django/db/models/fields/_______________.py”，第322行，在get_prep_查找中
返回self.get_prep_值（value）
文件“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__-init_____;.py”，第555行，在get_prep_值中
返回int（值）
ValueError:基数为10的int（）的文本无效：“Sh”
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/core/management/commands/ImportCSV.py", line 24, in <module>
    full_time_result = row[6],
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 403, in __init__
    setattr(self, field.name, rel_obj)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/related.py", line 405, in __set__
    self.field.name, self.field.rel.to._meta.object_name))
ValueError: Cannot assign "'Sheffield United'": "Match.home_team" must be a "Team" instance.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 453, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 272, in fetch_command
    klass = load_command_class(app_name, subcommand)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 77, in load_command_class
    module = import_module('%s.management.commands.%s' % (app_name, name))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module
    __import__(name)
  File "/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/core/management/commands/ImportCSV.py", line 14, in <module>
    home_team = Team.objects.get(id=row[2]),
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 143, in get
    return self.get_query_set().get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 379, in get
    clone = self.filter(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 655, in filter
    return self._filter_or_exclude(False, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 673, in _filter_or_exclude
    clone.query.add_q(Q(*args, **kwargs))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1266, in add_q
    can_reuse=used_aliases, force_having=force_having)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/query.py", line 1197, in add_filter
    connector)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 71, in add
    value = obj.prepare(lookup_type, value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 339, in prepare
    return self.field.get_prep_lookup(lookup_type, value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 322, in get_prep_lookup
    return self.get_prep_value(value)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py", line 555, in get_prep_value
    return int(value)
ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10: 'Sheffield United'

ValueError: Cannot assign "'Sheffield United'": "Match.home_team" must be a "Team" instance.

from django.core.management.base import BaseCommand, CommandError
import csv
import csvImporter
from core.models import Match

master_data = open ('/Users/chris/Dropbox/Django/gmblnew/data/testfile.csv', 'r') 
data = list(tuple(rec) for rec in csv.reader(master_data, delimiter=','))
from core.models import Match, League, Team

for row in data:
    league, _ = League.objects.get_or_create(name=row[0])
    home_team, _ = Team.objects.get_or_create(team_name=row[2], league=league)
    away_team, _ = Team.objects.get_or_create(team_name=row[3], league=league)
    current_match = Match(
        league = league,
        home_team = home_team,
        away_team = away_team,
        match_date = row[1], 
        full_time_home_goals = row[4],
        full_time_away_goals = row[5],
        home_shots = row[10],
        away_shots = row[11],
        home_shots_on_target = row[12],
        away_shots_on_target = row[13],
        home_corners = row[16],
        away_corners = row[17],
        full_time_result = row[6],
    )
    print current_match