Python 为什么在我最后一次投票时，我的代码会一直延续到下一个if语句中？有没有更快的方法？

当我到达最后一个投票部分时，代码似乎继续到下一个if语句，我似乎无法理解为什么它不打印最后一个语句并停止？我已经彻底检查了代码，似乎找不到任何错误，尤其是最后一个函数，因为它与前三个相同。 有没有更快的方法来重复这样的代码

def presvote():
    with open("President.txt", "r+") as president:
        president = open("President.txt", "r")
        pres = [line.rstrip('\n', ) for line in open("President.txt")]
        print("Here is a list of the people running for president: ")
        print(pres)
        pvote1(pres)


def pvote1(pres):
    vote1 = input("Who would you like to vote for as the first choice?: ")
    if vote1 in pres:
        pres.remove(vote1)
        print(pres)
        pvote2(pres, vote1)
    else:
        print("That candidate is not running\nPlease enter a valid name")
        pvote1(pres)


def pvote2(pres, vote1):
    vote2 = input("Who would you like to vote for as the second choice?: ")
    if vote2 in pres:
        pres.remove(vote2)
        print(pres)
        pvote3(pres, vote1, vote2)
    if vote2 == vote1:
        print("That candidate has already been chosen, Please choose another")
        pvote2(pres, vote1)
    else:
        print("That candidate is not running please try again")
        pvote2(pres, vote1)


def pvote3(pres, vote1, vote2):
    vote3 = input("Who would you like to vote for as the third choice?: ")
    if vote3 in pres:
        pres.remove(vote3)
        print(pres)
        pvote4(pres, vote1, vote2, vote3)
    if vote3 == vote1 or vote2:
        print("That candidate has already been chosen, Please choose another")
        pvote3(pres, vote1, vote2)
    else:
        print("That candidate is not running please try again")
        pvote3(pres, vote1, vote2)


def pvote4(pres, vote1, vote2, vote3):
    vote4 = input("Who would you like to vote for as the fourth choice?: ")
    if vote4 in pres:
        pres.remove(vote4)
        print(pres)
        # print("Here is the list of your chosen candidates:\n",vote1,"\n",vote2,"\n",vote3,"\n",vote4)
    if vote4 == vote1 or vote2 or vote3:
        print("That candidate has already been chosen, Please choose another")
        pvote4(pres, vote1, vote2, vote3)
    else:
        print("That candidate is not running please try again")
        pvote4(pres, vote1, vote2, vote3)


presvote()```

---

或

语句可能是导致问题的原因

如果vote4==vote1或vote2或vote3

应写成：

if vote4 == vote1 or vote4 == vote2 or vote4 == vote3

如果vote3==vote1或vote2

为了提高效率，我下载了

influct

库，以获得投票位置（即“第一”、“第二”、“第三”）

导入屈折
def presvote（）：
#以open（“President.txt”、“r+”）为主席：
president=open（“president.txt”、“r”）
pres=[line.rstrip（'\n'，）用于打开的行（“President.txt”）]
打印（“这是总统竞选人的名单：”）
打印（pres）
投票=投票（主席）
打印（投票）
def投票（主席）：
票数=[]
p=拐点引擎（）#启动拐点引擎
虽然len（Voces）@Nebulous29已经触及了一个重大问题，也许它真的不值得再解释一遍（因为这个概念已经在无数其他线程中被解释得透不过气来），但无论如何，这里有一个复习

在Python中，字符串（包括其他内置集合，如列表）具有隐式的“truthyness”。这意味着，当您要求将字符串计算为布尔值（True或False）时，无论是隐式还是显式，如果字符串为非空，它将计算为
True
，否则将计算为
False
（如果为空。列表具有类似的行为）

请注意，字符串literal
“
是唯一计算结果为
False
的字符串，因为它是空的。所有其他字符串都不是空的。有人会说这个字符串是“假的”

这让我们可以做这样的事情：

>>> string = "Hello"
>>> if string:
    print("We're in!")


We're in!

字符串
“Hello”
隐式地是“truthy”，因为它不是空的，所以我们输入if语句的主体并执行print语句

更进一步（这就是代码出错的地方）：

字符串是
“Hello”
，它既不是
“Something”
也不是
“Blah”
，但我们仍然输入if语句的主体，那么给出了什么呢？让我们按照Python所看到的方式计算这个布尔表达式：


string==“Something”
变为
False
，因为
string
不是
等于“某物”

“Blah”

变为

True

，因为字符串literal

“Blah”

是 非空，因此真实

因此，整个条件变为：

if False or True:

它的计算结果为

True

，因为只有or操作的一个参数需要为True才能使输出为True

有没有更快的方法来重复这样的代码

很好，你正在使用函数！然而，函数是为了减少您编写的代码量，然而，您的四个函数实际上做了相同的事情

这四个有问题的函数还使用递归来模拟循环，这是一个坏主意。对于您编写的任何以这种方式使用递归的程序，我可以给您一个会引发递归错误的输入。您最好只使用循环：

def main():

    candidates = [
        "Bob",
        "Sam",
        "Tom",
        "Barry"
    ]

    print("Here are all the candidates running for president:")
    print(candidates)

    vote_number_names = [
        "first",
        "second",
        "third",
        "fourth"
    ]

    selected_candidates = []

    for vote_number in vote_number_names:
        while True:
            candidate = input(f"Who is your {vote_number} choice?: ")
            if candidate not in candidates:
                print("That candidate is not running.")
            elif candidate in selected_candidates:
                print("That candidate has already been selected.")
            else:
                break
        selected_candidates.append(candidate)

    print("Here are the candidates, in the order you picked:")
    print(selected_candidates)

main()

输出：

Here are all the candidates running for president:
['Bob', 'Sam', 'Tom', 'Barry']
Who is your first choice?: Bob
Who is your second choice?: jqedfkljdla
That candidate is not running.
Who is your second choice?: Bob
That candidate has already been selected.
Who is your second choice?: Tom
Who is your third choice?: Barry
Who is your fourth choice?: Sam
Here are the candidates, in the order you picked:
['Bob', 'Tom', 'Barry', 'Sam']
>>> 

---

这回答了你的问题吗？为什么要在

presvate（）

中打开同一个文件3次？谢谢，这对回答我的问题很有帮助

if False or True:

def main():

    candidates = [
        "Bob",
        "Sam",
        "Tom",
        "Barry"
    ]

    print("Here are all the candidates running for president:")
    print(candidates)

    vote_number_names = [
        "first",
        "second",
        "third",
        "fourth"
    ]

    selected_candidates = []

    for vote_number in vote_number_names:
        while True:
            candidate = input(f"Who is your {vote_number} choice?: ")
            if candidate not in candidates:
                print("That candidate is not running.")
            elif candidate in selected_candidates:
                print("That candidate has already been selected.")
            else:
                break
        selected_candidates.append(candidate)

    print("Here are the candidates, in the order you picked:")
    print(selected_candidates)

main()

Here are all the candidates running for president:
['Bob', 'Sam', 'Tom', 'Barry']
Who is your first choice?: Bob
Who is your second choice?: jqedfkljdla
That candidate is not running.
Who is your second choice?: Bob
That candidate has already been selected.
Who is your second choice?: Tom
Who is your third choice?: Barry
Who is your fourth choice?: Sam
Here are the candidates, in the order you picked:
['Bob', 'Tom', 'Barry', 'Sam']
>>>