使用Python向Gmail发送带有内联图像的电子邮件
我的目标是使用Python向具有内联图像的Gmail用户发送电子邮件。由于图像(我工作中的数据)的敏感性,无法在线托管此图像,然后通过使用Python向Gmail发送带有内联图像的电子邮件,python,image,email,gmail,mime,Python,Image,Email,Gmail,Mime,我的目标是使用Python向具有内联图像的Gmail用户发送电子邮件。由于图像(我工作中的数据)的敏感性,无法在线托管此图像,然后通过href链接到它 我尝试将base64版本编码为HTML,然后发送该HTML,但众所周知,这不起作用。然后我注意到,在Gmail中,你可以将一个图像拖放到发送框中,它将在接收端内联显示。考虑到这一点,我尝试从Python发送一封电子邮件,并将图像作为附件。这可以在下面的代码中看到,但不幸的是,该图像没有内联显示 我的问题是:如何发送图像,使其以内联方式显示? im
href
链接到它
我尝试将base64
版本编码为HTML
,然后发送该HTML
,但众所周知,这不起作用。然后我注意到,在Gmail中,你可以将一个图像拖放到发送框中,它将在接收端内联显示。考虑到这一点,我尝试从Python发送一封电子邮件,并将图像作为附件。这可以在下面的代码中看到,但不幸的是,该图像没有内联显示
我的问题是:如何发送图像,使其以内联方式显示?
import smtplib
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email import Encoders
import os
gmail_user = "user1@gmail.com"
gmail_pwd = "pass"
to = "user2@gmail.com"
subject = "Report"
text = "Picture report"
attach = 'TESTING.png'
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg['From'] = gmail_user
msg['To'] = to
msg['Subject'] = subject
msg.attach(MIMEText(text))
part = MIMEBase('application', 'octet-stream')
part.set_payload(open(attach, 'rb').read())
Encoders.encode_base64(part)
part.add_header('Content-Disposition',
'attachment; filename="%s"' % os.path.basename(attach))
msg.attach(part)
mailServer = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
mailServer.ehlo()
mailServer.starttls()
mailServer.ehlo()
mailServer.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
mailServer.sendmail(gmail_user, to, msg.as_string())
# Should be mailServer.quit(), but that crashes...
mailServer.close()
当我手动向自己发送内联图像时,“原始电子邮件”是这样的:
Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary=047d7bd761fe73e03304e7e02237
--047d7bd761fe73e03304e7e02237
Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary=047d7bd761fe73e03004e7e02236
--047d7bd761fe73e03004e7e02236
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
[image: Inline images 1]
--047d7bd761fe73e03004e7e02236
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
<div dir="ltr"><img alt="Inline images 1" src="cid:ii_141810ee4ae92ac6" height="400" width="534"><br></div>
--047d7bd761fe73e03004e7e02236--
--047d7bd761fe73e03304e7e02237
Content-Type: image/png; name="Testing.png"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64
Content-ID: <ii_141810ee4ae92ac6>
X-Attachment-Id: ii_141810ee4ae92ac6
我认为您需要添加以下行:
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
body = MIMEText('<p>Test Image<img src="cid:testimage" /></p>', _subtype='html')
msg.attach(body)
img = MIMEImage(image.read(), 'jpeg')
img.add_header('Content-Id', '<testimage>')
msg.attach(img)
从email.mime.image导入MIMEImage
body=MIMEText(“测试图像””,_subtype='html')
附加信息(正文)
img=mimimage(image.read(),'jpeg')
img.add_标题('Content-Id','')
附加消息(img)
testimage
应替换为唯一标识符似乎遵循gmail电子邮件模板是可行的:
* multipart/alternative
- text/plain
- multipart/related
+ text/html
<img src="cid:msgid"/>
+ image/png
Content-ID: <msgid>
要通过gmail发送msg
:
import smtplib
import ssl
with smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com', timeout=10) as s:
s.starttls(context=ssl.create_default_context())
s.login(gmail_user, gmail_password)
s.send_message(msg)
import ssl
s = SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', timeout=10,
ssl_kwargs=dict(cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1,
# http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
ca_certs='cacert.pem'))
s.set_debuglevel(0)
try:
s.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
s.sendmail(msg['From'], [to], msg.as_string())
finally:
s.quit()
Python 2/3兼容版本
SMTP\u SSL
是可选的,您可以使用问题中的starttls
方法:
import smtplib
import socket
import ssl
import sys
class SMTP_SSL(smtplib.SMTP_SSL):
"""Add support for additional ssl options."""
def __init__(self, host, port=0, **kwargs):
self.ssl_kwargs = kwargs.pop('ssl_kwargs', {})
self.ssl_kwargs['keyfile'] = kwargs.pop('keyfile', None)
self.ssl_kwargs['certfile'] = kwargs.pop('certfile', None)
smtplib.SMTP_SSL.__init__(self, host, port, **kwargs)
def _get_socket(self, host, port, timeout):
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print>>sys.stderr, 'connect:', (host, port)
new_socket = socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout)
new_socket = ssl.wrap_socket(new_socket, **self.ssl_kwargs)
self.file = getattr(smtplib, 'SSLFakeFile', lambda x: None)(new_socket)
return new_socket
如何在与图像相同的电子邮件中添加文本?请看代码中的MimeText调用:它们在第一个参数中添加纯文本和HTML正文。你可以在那里写任何你喜欢的东西(你缺少一个
导入操作系统
)@ABM:你看到顶部的#-*-编码:utf-8-*-
了吗?(该代码在Python2和python3上都与“…”
一起工作)使用python3版本的代码,我收到了邮件,但图像没有显示,我只收到了备用的。还有其他人有这个问题吗?我知道我来晚了,但是我为类似的东西建立了一个简单的邮件类,因为我自己需要时不时地使用它
* multipart/related
- multipart/alternative
+ text/plain
+ text/html
<div dir="ltr"><img src="cid:ii_xyz" alt="..."><br></div>
- image/jpeg
Content-ID: <ii_xyz>
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import cgi
import uuid
import os
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.header import Header
img = dict(title=u'Picture report…', path=u'TESTING.png', cid=str(uuid.uuid4()))
msg = MIMEMultipart('related')
msg['Subject'] = Header(u'Report…', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = gmail_user
msg['To'] = ", ".join([to])
msg_alternative = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
msg.attach(msg_alternative)
msg_text = MIMEText(u'[image: {title}]'.format(**img), 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg_alternative.attach(msg_text)
msg_html = MIMEText(u'<div dir="ltr">'
'<img src="cid:{cid}" alt="{alt}"><br></div>'
.format(alt=cgi.escape(img['title'], quote=True), **img),
'html', 'utf-8')
msg_alternative.attach(msg_html)
with open(img['path'], 'rb') as file:
msg_image = MIMEImage(file.read(), name=os.path.basename(img['path']))
msg.attach(msg_image)
msg_image.add_header('Content-ID', '<{}>'.format(img['cid']))
import ssl
s = SMTP_SSL('smtp.gmail.com', timeout=10,
ssl_kwargs=dict(cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED,
ssl_version=ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1,
# http://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem
ca_certs='cacert.pem'))
s.set_debuglevel(0)
try:
s.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
s.sendmail(msg['From'], [to], msg.as_string())
finally:
s.quit()
import smtplib
import socket
import ssl
import sys
class SMTP_SSL(smtplib.SMTP_SSL):
"""Add support for additional ssl options."""
def __init__(self, host, port=0, **kwargs):
self.ssl_kwargs = kwargs.pop('ssl_kwargs', {})
self.ssl_kwargs['keyfile'] = kwargs.pop('keyfile', None)
self.ssl_kwargs['certfile'] = kwargs.pop('certfile', None)
smtplib.SMTP_SSL.__init__(self, host, port, **kwargs)
def _get_socket(self, host, port, timeout):
if self.debuglevel > 0:
print>>sys.stderr, 'connect:', (host, port)
new_socket = socket.create_connection((host, port), timeout)
new_socket = ssl.wrap_socket(new_socket, **self.ssl_kwargs)
self.file = getattr(smtplib, 'SSLFakeFile', lambda x: None)(new_socket)
return new_socket