加上「；条目“；使用Python创建JSON文件

我需要用python修改一个JSON文件。在我第一次使用python（和JSON）时，我读了一些关于它的文章，但没有完全理解它

我设法将JSON作为某种数组（或列表？）导入python

JSON如下所示：

{
  "sources":[{
    "id":100012630,
    "name":"Activity Login Page",
    "category":"NAM/Activity",
    "automaticDateParsing":true,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":true,
    "timeZone":"Europe/Brussels",
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":1414364400000,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "pathExpression":"C:\\NamLogs\\nam-login-page.log*",
    "blacklist":[],
    "sourceType":"LocalFile",
    "alive":true
  },{
    "id":100001824,
    "name":"localWinEvent",
    "category":"NAM/OS/EventLog",
    "automaticDateParsing":true,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":false,
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":1409090400000,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "logNames":["Security","Application","System","Others"],
    "sourceType":"LocalWindowsEventLog",
    "alive":true
  },{
    "id":100001830,
    "name":"localWinPerf",
    "category":"NAM/OS/Perf",
    "automaticDateParsing":false,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":false,
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":0,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "interval":60000,
    "wmiQueries":[{
      "name":"NAMID Service",
      "query":"SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process WHERE Name = 'tomcat7'"
    },{
      "name":"CPU",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Processor"
    },{
      "name":"Logical Disk",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_LogicalDisk"
    },{
      "name":"Physical Disk",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk"
    },{
      "name":"Memory",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Memory"
    },{
      "name":"Network",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_NetworkInterface"
    }],
    "sourceType":"LocalWindowsPerfMon",
    "alive":true
  },

   {
      "sources":[{
        "id":100012630,
        "name":"Activity Login Page",
        "category":"NAM/Activity",
        "automaticDateParsing":true,
        "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
        "useAutolineMatching":false,
        "forceTimeZone":true,
        "timeZone":"Europe/Brussels",
        "filters":[],
        "cutoffTimestamp":1414364400000,
        "encoding":"UTF-8",
        "pathExpression":"C:\\NamLogs\\nam-login-page.log*",
        "blacklist":[],
        "sourceType":"LocalFile",
        "alive":true,
        "collectorName":"Collector2910"
      },{
        "id":100001824,
        "name":"localWinEvent",
        "category":"NAM/OS/EventLog",
        "automaticDateParsing":true,
        "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
        "useAutolineMatching":false,
        "forceTimeZone":false,
        "filters":[],
        "cutoffTimestamp":1409090400000,
        "encoding":"UTF-8",
        "logNames":["Security","Application","System","Others"],
        "sourceType":"LocalWindowsEventLog",
        "alive":true,
        "collectorName":"Collector2910"
      },{.....

现在，当我得到数百个这样的文件时，我在整个目录中写了一个foreach：

for filename in os.listdir('./json/'):
   with open('./json/'+filename) as data_file:    
   sources = json.load(data_file)

现在我需要类似于sources中的foreach源的东西，它向每个源（比如collectorName=fileName）添加一行（或者一个条目，或者JSON中的任何“行”），然后用新文件覆盖旧文件

JSON将如下所示：

{
  "sources":[{
    "id":100012630,
    "name":"Activity Login Page",
    "category":"NAM/Activity",
    "automaticDateParsing":true,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":true,
    "timeZone":"Europe/Brussels",
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":1414364400000,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "pathExpression":"C:\\NamLogs\\nam-login-page.log*",
    "blacklist":[],
    "sourceType":"LocalFile",
    "alive":true
  },{
    "id":100001824,
    "name":"localWinEvent",
    "category":"NAM/OS/EventLog",
    "automaticDateParsing":true,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":false,
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":1409090400000,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "logNames":["Security","Application","System","Others"],
    "sourceType":"LocalWindowsEventLog",
    "alive":true
  },{
    "id":100001830,
    "name":"localWinPerf",
    "category":"NAM/OS/Perf",
    "automaticDateParsing":false,
    "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
    "useAutolineMatching":false,
    "forceTimeZone":false,
    "filters":[],
    "cutoffTimestamp":0,
    "encoding":"UTF-8",
    "interval":60000,
    "wmiQueries":[{
      "name":"NAMID Service",
      "query":"SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfRawData_PerfProc_Process WHERE Name = 'tomcat7'"
    },{
      "name":"CPU",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Processor"
    },{
      "name":"Logical Disk",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_LogicalDisk"
    },{
      "name":"Physical Disk",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfDisk_PhysicalDisk"
    },{
      "name":"Memory",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfOS_Memory"
    },{
      "name":"Network",
      "query":"select * from Win32_PerfFormattedData_Tcpip_NetworkInterface"
    }],
    "sourceType":"LocalWindowsPerfMon",
    "alive":true
  },

   {
      "sources":[{
        "id":100012630,
        "name":"Activity Login Page",
        "category":"NAM/Activity",
        "automaticDateParsing":true,
        "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
        "useAutolineMatching":false,
        "forceTimeZone":true,
        "timeZone":"Europe/Brussels",
        "filters":[],
        "cutoffTimestamp":1414364400000,
        "encoding":"UTF-8",
        "pathExpression":"C:\\NamLogs\\nam-login-page.log*",
        "blacklist":[],
        "sourceType":"LocalFile",
        "alive":true,
        "collectorName":"Collector2910"
      },{
        "id":100001824,
        "name":"localWinEvent",
        "category":"NAM/OS/EventLog",
        "automaticDateParsing":true,
        "multilineProcessingEnabled":false,
        "useAutolineMatching":false,
        "forceTimeZone":false,
        "filters":[],
        "cutoffTimestamp":1409090400000,
        "encoding":"UTF-8",
        "logNames":["Security","Application","System","Others"],
        "sourceType":"LocalWindowsEventLog",
        "alive":true,
        "collectorName":"Collector2910"
      },{.....

我希望我能解释我的问题，如果有人能帮助我，我会很高兴（即使有完全不同的解决方案）

提前谢谢

---

Michael，这里有一种方法：

for filename in os.listdir('./json/'):
    sources = None
    with open('./json/'+filename) as data_file:    
        sources = json.load(data_file)
        sourcelist = sources['sources']
        for i, s in enumerate(sourcelist):
            sources['sources'][i]['collectorName'] = 'Collector' + str(i)
    with open('./json/'+filename, 'w') as data_file:  
        data_file.write(json.dumps(sources))

---

为什么

sources['sources'][i]

当您将记录作为

s

提供时？当你有

json.dump（obj，file）

时，为什么要

data\u file.write（json.dumps（sources））

？1）我不喜欢修改我正在迭代的列表。2） 它们是等价的，json.dump方法做的事情基本相同。只有在向列表中添加或从列表中删除项目时，修改正在迭代的列表才是危险的，而不是在修改列表中已有的项目时——在当前情况下，

sources['sources'][i]是s==True

——两个名称都指向同一个对象。2.是的，但第二个问题是要编写的代码更少；）在这次尝试中，我还遇到了：ValueError:无法解码JSON对象。这是JSON.loads和JSON.load的问题吗？