R 根据ggplot2中的另一个因素缩放填充手册

我正试图根据ggplot2中用于“填充”我的几何图形条的更广泛的因素分类，对我的图例进行颜色编码。我的图是这样的：我用这个R代码得到的：

ggplot（df，aes（年份，TOTALshark，fill=fishery））+geom_条（宽度=0.5，stat=“identity”，position=“dodge”）+facet_wrap（~div）

以下是我的数据集的dput示例：

> dput(smpl)
df <- structure(list(X1 = structure(c(6L, 11L, 22L, 27L, 10L, 10L, 
6L, 11L, 6L, 10L, 8L, 6L, 6L, 4L, 22L, 18L, 10L, 10L, 11L, 6L
), .Label = c("AMERICAN PLAICE", "BIGEYE TUNA", "BIVALVE", "BLUEFIN TUNA", 
"CAPELIN", "COD(ATL)", "CRAB(SNOW,QUEEN)", "HADDOCK", "HAGFISH(ATL)", 
"HALIBUT(ATL)", "HALIBUT(GREENLAND)", "HERRING(ATL)", "JONAH CRAB (CANC.BOR.)", 
"LOBSTER", "LONGHORN SCULPIN", "LUMPFISH", "MACKEREL(ATL)", "MONKFISH", 
"PAND.BOR.", "PAND.MON.", "POLLOCK", "REDFISH", "SCALLOP", "SEA URCHINS", 
"SEACU", "SILVER HAKE", "SWORDFISH", "WHELK", "WHITE HAKE", "WINTER FLOUNDER", 
"WITCH FLOUNDER", "YELLOWFIN TUNA", "YELLOWTAIL FLOUNDER"), class = "factor"), 
    X2 = structure(c(2L, 2L, 8L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 5L, 8L, 5L, 5L, 
    5L, 2L, 5L, 5L, 8L, 2L, 5L, 5L, 2L, 2L), .Label = c("Dredge", 
    "Gillnet", "Hook", "Jigger", "Line", "Seine", "Trap", "Trawlb", 
    "Trawlm"), class = "factor"), fishery = structure(c(12L, 
    25L, 43L, 50L, 24L, 24L, 15L, 27L, 15L, 24L, 21L, 12L, 15L, 
    9L, 43L, 36L, 24L, 24L, 25L, 12L), .Label = c("AMERICAN PLAICE-Gillnet", 
    "AMERICAN PLAICE-Line", "AMERICAN PLAICE-Trawlb", "BIGEYE TUNA-Jigger", 
    "BIGEYE TUNA-Line", "BIVALVE-Dredge", "BLUEFIN TUNA-Hook", 
    "BLUEFIN TUNA-Jigger", "BLUEFIN TUNA-Line", "CAPELIN-Seine", 
    "CAPELIN-Trap", "COD(ATL)-Gillnet", "COD(ATL)-Hook", "COD(ATL)-Jigger", 
    "COD(ATL)-Line", "COD(ATL)-Trap", "COD(ATL)-Trawlb", "CRAB(SNOW,QUEEN)-Trap", 
    "CUSK-Line", "HADDOCK-Gillnet", "HADDOCK-Line", "HADDOCK-Trawlb", 
    "HAGFISH(ATL)-Trap", "HALIBUT(ATL)-Line", "HALIBUT(GREENLAND)-Gillnet", 
    "HALIBUT(GREENLAND)-Line", "HALIBUT(GREENLAND)-Trawlb", "HERRING(ATL)-Seine", 
    "HERRING(ATL)-Trawlm", "JONAH CRAB (CANC.BOR.)-Trap", "LOBSTER-Trap", 
    "LONGHORN SCULPIN-Trawlb", "LUMPFISH-Gillnet", "MACKEREL(ATL)-Seine", 
    "MACKEREL(ATL)-Trawlm", "MONKFISH-Gillnet", "MONKFISH-Trawlb", 
    "PAND.BOR.-Trawlb", "PAND.MON.-Trawlb", "POLLOCK-Gillnet", 
    "POLLOCK-Trawlb", "REDFISH-Gillnet", "REDFISH-Trawlb", "REDFISH-Trawlm", 
    "SCALLOP-Dredge", "SEA URCHINS-Dredge", "SEACU-Dredge", "SILVER HAKE-Trawlb", 
    "SWORDFISH-Jigger", "SWORDFISH-Line", "SWORDFISH-unk", "WHELK-Trap", 
    "WHITE HAKE-Gillnet", "WHITE HAKE-Line", "WINTER FLOUNDER-Gillnet", 
    "WINTER FLOUNDER-Trawlb", "WITCH FLOUNDER-Trawlb", "YELLOWFIN TUNA-Line", 
    "YELLOWTAIL FLOUNDER-Trawlb"), class = "factor"), year = c(2008L, 
    2008L, 2009L, 2009L, 2008L, 2009L, 2009L, 2008L, 2006L, 2007L, 
    2007L, 2007L, 2007L, 2007L, 2008L, 2008L, 2009L, 2009L, 2009L, 
    2009L), div = structure(c(6L, 19L, 2L, 4L, 5L, 10L, 3L, 19L, 
    9L, 10L, 3L, 9L, 6L, 4L, 3L, 9L, 6L, 11L, 7L, 9L), .Label = c("5Z", 
    "5Y", "4X", "4W", "4V", "4T", "4S", "4R", "3P", "3O", "3N", 
    "3M", "3L", "3K", "2J", "2H", "2G", "1F", "0B", "1B", "0A"
    ), class = "factor"), TOTALshark = c(3369.72, 12243.2, 6080.06, 
    316646.05, 18786.8, 6565.91, 1339771.2, 45841.03, 41329.64, 
    6411.86, 204980.36, 67608.78, 2617.05, 61547.64, 447349.44, 
    13226.4, 1362.55, 6012.23, 13152.51, 1067.92), cat = structure(c(1L, 
    1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 
    1L, 1L, 1L, 1L), .Label = c("groundfish", "largepelagic", 
    "bivalve", "smallpelagic", "crabs/lobsters", "shrimps", "others"
    ), class = "factor")), .Names = c("X1", "X2", "fishery", 
"year", "div", "TOTALshark", "cat"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(70L, 
278L, 500L, 554L, 242L, 245L, 131L, 315L, 106L, 224L, 194L, 60L, 
115L, 37L, 489L, 385L, 249L, 244L, 284L, 75L))

>dput（smpl）
这是你想要的吗

library(ggplot2)
library(plyr)
library(gridExtra)

# create data that links colour per 'cat' with 'fishery'
# the 'cat' colours will be used as manually set fill colours. 

# get 'cat' colours

# alt. 1: grab 'cat' colours from plot object
# create a plot with fill = fishery *and* colour = cat
g1 <- ggplot(df, aes(x = year, y = TOTALshark, fill = fishery, colour = cat)) +
  geom_bar(width = 0.5, stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
  facet_wrap(~ div)

g1

# grab 'cat' colours for each 'fishery' from plot object
# to be used in manual fill
cat_cols <- unique(ggplot_build(g1)[["data"]][[1]]$colour)

# unique 'cat'
cat <- unique(df$cat)

# create data frame with one colour per 'cat'
df2 <- data.frame(cat = cat, cat_cols)
df2


# alt 2: create your own 'cat' colours
# number of unique 'cat'
n <- length(cats)

# select one colour per 'cat', from e.g. brewer_pal or other palette tools 
cat_cols <- brewer_pal(type = "qual")(n)
# cat_cols <- rainbow(n)

# create data frame with one colour per 'cat'
df2 <- data.frame(cat, cat_cols)
df2

# select unique 'fishery' and 'cat' combinations
# in the order they show up in the legend, i.e. ordered ('arranged') by fishery
df3 <- unique(arrange(df[, c("fishery", "cat")], fishery))
df3

# add 'cat' colours to 'fishery'
# use 'join' to keep order
df3 <- join(df3, df2)
df3

# plot with fill by 'fishery' creates a fill scale by fishery,
# but colours are set manually using scale_fill_manual and the 'cat' colours from above
g2 <- ggplot(df, aes(x = year, y = TOTALshark, fill = fishery)) +
  geom_bar(width = 0.5, stat = "identity", position = "dodge") +
  facet_wrap(~ div, nrow = 5) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = as.character(df3$cat_cols))

g2

库（ggplot2）
图书馆（plyr）
图书馆（gridExtra）
#创建将每个“猫”的颜色与“渔业”链接的数据
#“cat”颜色将用作手动设置的填充颜色。
#得到“猫”的颜色
#备选方案1：从绘图对象中获取“cat”颜色
#创建一个fill=fishery*和*color=cat的绘图
g1请
dput
样本数据“我希望有相同的图例，但有一些颜色是基于渔业属于哪一类“cat”变量（即，远洋鱼类、底栖鱼类）。你的意思是你想要相同的鱼，但颜色随渔业而变化？如果是这样，将ggplot调用更改为
ggplot（df，aes（year，TOTALshark，fill=cat））+geom_bar（width=.5，stat=“identity”，position=“dodge”）+facet_wrap（~div）
是否可以完成这项工作？不可以。我想要的是上面的图例（与渔业有关），但根据cat使用n种颜色（这是针对主要鱼类的更广泛的类别）。因此，例如，所有以“大型远洋”为目标的渔业，如金枪鱼（大眼金枪鱼线、蓝鳍金枪鱼线等）将是一种颜色，所有以“底栖鱼”（鳕鱼（ATL）-刺网、鳕鱼（ATL）-线等）为目标的渔业将是另一种颜色，等等。我想根据cat对上述图例进行颜色编码。希望这能澄清我想做什么！谢谢。非常感谢@Henrik的回答和链接。这就是我要找的！正如您在最后一个绘图的视口代码中所看到的，两个图例沿x轴（几乎）对齐是硬编码的。我想我已经看到过这样的例子，不同的格罗布的位置是根据它们的宽度来计算的。但那是另一个故事…祝你好运！
# create plot with both 'fishery' and 'cat' legend.

# extract 'fisheries' legend
tmp <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(g2))
leg <- which(sapply(tmp$grobs, function(x) x$name) ==  "guide-box")
legend_fish <- tmp$grobs[[leg]]

# create a non-sense plot just to get a 'fill = cat' legend
g3 <- ggplot(df, aes(x = year, y = TOTALshark, fill = cat)) +
  geom_bar(stat = "identity") +
  scale_fill_manual(values = as.character(df3$cat_cols))

# extract 'cat' legend
tmp <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(g3))
leg <- which(sapply(tmp$grobs, function(x) x$name) ==  "guide-box")
legend_cat <- tmp$grobs[[leg]]


# arrange plot and legends

library(gridExtra)

# quick and dirty with grid.arrange
# in the first column, put the plot (g2) without legend (removed using the 'theme' code)
# put the two legends in the second column
grid.arrange(g2 + theme(legend.position = "none"),
             arrangeGrob(legend_fish, legend_cat), ncol = 2) 


# arrange with viewports
# define plotting regions (viewports)
grid.newpage()
vp_plot <- viewport(x = 0.25, y = 0.5,
                    width = 0.5, height = 1)

vp_legend <- viewport(x = 0.75, y = 0.7,
                      width = 0.5, height = 0.5)

vp_sublegend <- viewport(x = 0.7, y = 0.25,
                         width = 0.5, height = 0.3)


print(g2 + theme(legend.position = "none"), vp = vp_plot)
upViewport(0)

pushViewport(vp_legend)
grid.draw(legend_fish)

upViewport(0)
pushViewport(vp_sublegend)
grid.draw(legend_cat)