Regex 搜索段并在末尾附加值

在一个文件中，我想在具有键“sys mgmt agent”的特定段之后附加一个字符串。 这是文件内容：

  sys-mgmt-agent:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

  edge-orchestrator:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

这是预期的结果：

  sys-mgmt-agent:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z
    MY STRING

  edge-orchestrator:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

我使用sed命令找到了该段：

sed-n'/sys-mgmt-agent:/，/^\s*$/p'

，但无法追加字符串。

假设：

• OP坚持使用可在

  bash

• 输入的格式很好，如图所示
• 如果

  sys-mgmt-agent:

  多次显示，则需要将所需字符串附加到每个段
• 段之间至少有一条空行

一个

awk

解决方案：

$ mystring="MY STRING"                         # string to be appended to segment
$ awk -v ms="${mystring}" '                    # pass ${mystring} as awk variable "ms" 
/sys-mgmt-agent:/ { foundit=1 }                # if line contains "sys-mgmt-agent:" then set our flag
/^$/ && foundit { printf "    %s\n\n", ms      # if blank line and foundit=1 then print our string plus a new blank line
                  foundit=0                    # reset our flag
                  next                         # go to next input line
                }
                { print }                      # print all other lines as is
' mydata                                       # assuming input data is in file named "mydata"

上述情况产生：

sys-mgmt-agent:
  networks:
   edgex-network:
     aliases:
         - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
  depends_on:
    - redis
  volumes:
    - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
    - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
    - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z
  MY STRING

edge-orchestrator:
  networks:
   edgex-network:
     aliases:
         - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
  depends_on:
    - redis
  volumes:
    - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
    - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
    - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

  sys-mgmt-agent:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z
    MY STRING

  edge-orchestrator:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

---

基于OPs

sed

尝试的

sed

想法：

$ mystring='MY STRING'
$ sed "/sys-mgmt-agent:/,/^$/{/^$/i\    ${mystring}
}" mydata

其中：

• /sys mgmt agent/，/^$/

  -要搜索的范围

• {…}

  -应用于匹配范围的命令
代码> /^ $ /i $ {MyString } /COD> -在空白行插入一个新的行“我的字符串”

注意：在同一行上，

i\${mystring}

后面不能有任何内容，因此是两行解决方案；我愿意接受关于如何将其压缩成一行的建议

---

更新：@poton建议使用

-e

标志拼凑一行解决方案，并在

${mystring}

周围添加双引号：

$ mystring='MY STRING'
$ sed -e '/sys-mgmt-agent:/,/^$/{/^$/i\    '"${mystring}" -e '}' mydata

---

上述情况产生：

sys-mgmt-agent:
  networks:
   edgex-network:
     aliases:
         - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
  depends_on:
    - redis
  volumes:
    - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
    - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
    - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z
  MY STRING

edge-orchestrator:
  networks:
   edgex-network:
     aliases:
         - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
  depends_on:
    - redis
  volumes:
    - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
    - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
    - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

  sys-mgmt-agent:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z
    MY STRING

  edge-orchestrator:
    networks:
     edgex-network:
       aliases:
           - edgex-sys-mgmt-agent
    depends_on:
      - redis
    volumes:
      - /proc/uptime:/proc/uptime
      - /var/log/auth.log:/var/log/auth.log
      - ${HOST_SECURITY_FILE_PATH}edgex-redis:/tmp/edgex/secrets/edgex-redis:z

这可能适用于您（GNU-sed）：

---

注意：如果

我的字符串

包含

/

，则必须对其进行转义/引用，即

\/

。这也会缩进到最后一节的深度。

IMHO专家总是建议使用类似于

yq

的工具，以便更好地理解yaml文件。您的系统中是否有

yq

，或者您可以安装它？根据您的回答，这里的人可以为您提供指导。不，我无法在远程服务器中安装软件。谢谢，请告诉我是否有办法在单行中使用该命令。@sarjaana您可以尝试：

sed-e'/sys mgmt agent:/，/^$/{^$/I\${mystring}-e'}文件