Rest 您将如何测试使用带有Spock和内存数据库的JpaRepository的服务？

我正在使用Spock测试一个使用JpaRepository的小型rest应用程序，但在测试中使用内存中的数据库似乎有问题。我承认，我主要是在遵循一些例子，我仍然不太了解正在发生的一切，因此任何帮助都将不胜感激，任何作为奖金的解释都将受到极大欢迎

这就是我目前所拥有的。 我的控制器：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.GET;
import static org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod.POST;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("facilities")
public class FacilityController {

    private IFacilityService facilityService;

    @Autowired
    public FacilityController(IFacilityService facilityService) {
        this.facilityService = facilityService;
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "list", method = GET)
    public ResponseEntity<Collection<Facility>> list() {
        Collection<Facility> facilities = new ArrayList<>();

        facilityService.getFacilities().forEach(facilities::add);

        return ResponseEntity.ok().body(facilities);
    }

    @RequestMapping(path = "add", method = POST)
    public ResponseEntity<?> add(@RequestBody FacilityDto facilityDto) {
        Facility facility = facilityService.add(facilityDto);

        return ResponseEntity.ok().body(facility);
    }
}

还有这个测试

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration
import spock.lang.Specification

@ContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest
@DataJpaTest
class FacilityServiceTest extends Specification {

    FacilityService facilityService

    @Autowired
    IFacilityRepository facilityRepository;

    def setup() {
        facilityService = new FacilityService(facilityRepository)
    }

    def "retrieves all the facilities saved in the database"() {
        given:


        when:
        def result = facilityService.getFacilities()

        then:
        result.isEmpty()
    }
}

我了解到@ContextConfiguration需要能够扫描自动连接中使用的类（这是真的吗）和SpringBootTest来选择测试文件夹中的applications.yml。我有一个在内存中建立H2数据库，但我不确定当我使用@DataJpaTest时是否需要它

如果我运行测试，存储库不是自动连接的，服务是用空值创建的，因此我得到一个NPE。

---

有人能帮我指出我遗漏了什么，或者给我指一个指南，甚至是一些注释的内容，以及它们是否正确使用吗？

如果您使用的是spock 1.1，那么在使用

@springbootest

时，您不需要添加

@ContextConfiguration

。您需要使用

@repository

注释存储库。您可能希望注入

FacilityService

，而不是在测试中构造它。@LeonardBrünings我添加了存储库注释，并尝试自动连接服务，而不是使用安装方法，但仍然是一样的。也许我做错了一些更基本的事情。你的类路径中有spock core和spock spring 1.1吗？没有，我只有org.spockframework:spock core:1.1-groovy-2.4。好的，我会的

@Transactional
public interface IFacilityRepository extends CrudRepository<Facility, Long> {

    Collection<Facility> findAllByFacilityName(String facilityName);
}

server:
  port: 8000

endpoints:
  enabled: true
  sensitive: false

spring:
  datasource: # DataSource settings: set here your own configurations for the database
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/futsaltime
    type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
    username: root
    password: root
    testWhileIdle: true # Keep the connection alive if idle for a long time (needed in production)
    validationQuery: SELECT 1
  jpa:
    show-sql: true
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: create
    # Use spring.jpa.properties.* for Hibernate native properties (the prefix is stripped before adding them to the entity manager)
    properties:
      hibernate:
        dialect: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect # To force the engine to InnoDB
        format_sql: true

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration
import spock.lang.Specification

@ContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest
@DataJpaTest
class FacilityServiceTest extends Specification {

    FacilityService facilityService

    @Autowired
    IFacilityRepository facilityRepository;

    def setup() {
        facilityService = new FacilityService(facilityRepository)
    }

    def "retrieves all the facilities saved in the database"() {
        given:


        when:
        def result = facilityService.getFacilities()

        then:
        result.isEmpty()
    }
}