Ruby on rails 包括模块在开发中工作，在生产中启动时失败？

我在

lib

文件夹中编写了一个模块。我在启动时将其放入我的

environment.rb

文件中，如下所示

# Load the rails application
require File.expand_path('../application', __FILE__)

# Initialize the rails application
MyProject::Application.initialize!

ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, MyProject::Has::Formatter
include MyProject::EventFormatters

这在开发中非常有效，但如果我尝试在生产模式下运行，或者如果我将应用部署到生产模式，则当服务器尝试启动时，我会得到以下堆栈跟踪：

=> Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 3.0.3 application starting in production on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.3/lib/active_record/base.rb:1008:in `method_missing': undefined local variable or method `has_formatter' for #<Class:0x808f830> (NameError)
        from C:/Data/myproject/app/models/event.rb:2
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:227:in `load_dependency'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:346:in `require_or_load'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:300:in `depend_on'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:216:in `require_dependency'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:138:in `eager_load!'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:137:in `each'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:137:in `eager_load!'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:135:in `each'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:135:in `eager_load!'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:108:in `eager_load!'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:41
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `instance_exec'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `run'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `run_initializers'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `each'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `run_initializers'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:134:in `initialize!'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `send'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
        from C:/Data/myproject/config/environment.rb:5
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:596:in `new_constants_in'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:3
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `instance_eval'
        from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `initialize'
        from C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:1:in `new'
        from C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:1

=>启动WEBrick
=>Rails 3.0.3应用程序在http://0.0.0.0:3000
=>使用-d调用以分离
=>Ctrl-C关闭服务器
退出
C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-3.0.3/lib/active_record/base.rb:1008:in'method_missing'：未定义的局部变量或方法'has_formatter'for#（NameError）
来自C:/Data/myproject/app/models/event.rb:2
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:227:in'load\u dependencity'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:346:in'require\u或\u load'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:300:in'dependent\u'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:216:in'require\u dependencity'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:138:in'eager_load！'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:137:in'each'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:137:in'eager_load！'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:135:in'each'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/engine.rb:135:in'eager_load！'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:108:in'eager_load！'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:41
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in'instance_exec'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in'run'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in'run_initializers'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in'each'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in'run_initializers'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:134:in'initialize！'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in'send'
来自C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in'method_missing'
来自C:/Data/myproject/config/environment.rb:5
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:225:in'load\u dependencity'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:596:in'new\u constants\u in'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:225:in'load\u dependencity'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active\u support/dependencies.rb:239:in'require'
来自C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:3
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in'instance_eval'
from C:/Ruby187/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rack-1.2.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in'initialize'
来自C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:1:in'new'
来自C:/Data/myproject/config.ru:1

现在是整个过程中最令人难以置信的部分：如果我在

config/environments/production.rb

中设置

config.cache\u classes=false

，那么我就不会得到堆栈跟踪，应用程序在生产模式下的行为与在开发模式下的行为相同

---

如何设置

config.cache\u classes=false

使以这种方式包含模块在生产中起作用？我是否以错误/怪异的方式包含模块？

希望我完全正确，至少我会陈述我的观点：

在开发中，所有类都是延迟加载的。这样，您可以轻松地更改它们，因为它们仅在必要时加载。这意味着：

MyProject::Application.initialize!

不加载需要以下内容的模块内容：

ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, MyProject::Has::Formatter
include MyProject::EventFormatters

它包含在之后，使整个过程正常运行

在生产环境中，模块和类实际上是加载的=>crash，它们需要依赖关系

因此，提出：

ActiveRecord::Base.send :include, MyProject::Has::Formatter
include MyProject::EventFormatters

---

在您在

config/initializers

中创建的初始值设定项中，将其称为

active\u record\u extension.rb

。

自动加载对您的场景不起作用吗

# config/application.rb
config.autoload_paths += %W(#{config.root}/lib)

# lib/my_project/event_formatters.rb
module MyProject
  module EventFormatters
    # .. etc. ...
  end
end