Ruby on rails 通过csv将一行数据导入Rails应用程序

这似乎应该是一个简单的问题，但我被卡住了

我有一个图书模型，希望通过一个csv创建一组图书，该csv有一个ISBN列表。我创建了一个rake任务-

task :import_books => :environment do
    CSV.foreach('lib/books.csv', :headers => true, :encoding => 'ISO-8859-1:UTF-8') do |row|
      Book.create!({:isbn => row[0]})
    end
end

但是我得到了以下错误-

ActionController:：UrlGenerationError:没有路由匹配{:action=>“show”，：controller=>“books”，：id=>nil}缺少必需的键：[:id]

fwiw，从控制台，我可以使用Model.create在所有其他模型中创建记录，但不能使用Book

我试着在一个id中硬编码，但它不起作用，看起来也不理想

谢谢你的帮助

编辑-

图书迁移（您是指模式吗？）-

Book.new和Book.create from控制台-

2.1.2:005>Book.new => # 2.1.2:006>Book.create （10.2ms）开始交易 SQL（3.4ms）插入“账簿”（“创建时间”、“更新时间”）值（？，）[[“创建时间”、“2015-01-26 17:50:11.119126”]，[“更新时间”、“2015-01-26 17:50:11.119126”] （1.1ms）回滚事务 ActionController:：UrlGenerationError:没有路由匹配{:action=>“show”，：controller=>“books”，：id=>nil}缺少必需的键：[:id] 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.7/lib/action\u dispatch/routing/route\u set.rb:219:in

raise\u generation\u error'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.7/lib/action\u dispatch/routing/route\u set.rb:192:in

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call'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.7/lib/action\u dispatch/routing/route\u set.rb:270:in

块（2层）中的define\u url\u helper' from/Users/danifank/Documents/coverlist/app/models/book.rb:124:in

load_to_soulmate'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:424:in

在make\u lambda'中阻塞 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:221:in

call'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:221:in

block in-halting\u和\u-conditional' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:215:in

call'
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block in-halting\u和\u-conditional' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:86:in

call'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.7/lib/active\u support/callbacks.rb:86:in

run\u callbacks' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/callbacks.rb:302:in

create\u或\u update'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/persistence.rb:103:in

save' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/validations.rb:51:in

save'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/attribute\u methods/dirty.rb:21:in

save' ... 3级。。。 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:209:in

in\u new\u transaction'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/connection\u adapters/abstract/database\u statements.rb:201:in

transaction' from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:208:in

transaction'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:326:in

，其中\u transaction\u返回\u状态' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:268:in

保存中的块
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:283:in

rollback\u active\u record\u state！' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/transactions.rb:267:in

save'
from/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.7/lib/active\u record/persistence.rb:34:in

create' 来自（irb）：6 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:90:in

start'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:9:in

start' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:69:in

console'
来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands/commands\u tasks.rb:40:in

run\u command！' 来自/Users/danifank/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.7/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in

'
从箱子/轨道：4:in

require'

---

从bin/rails:4:in`'2.1.2:007>

可以发布图书迁移文件，以及从rails控制台发布的

book.new

。刚刚添加了--book.new works，但是当我尝试b=book.new后跟b.update\u参数时，我得到了相同的错误您有任何挂起的迁移吗No，我没有任何它似乎你在你的书模型中有一个回调调用load_to_soulmate（大约Book.rb:124），这反过来又试图使用一些路由助手。如果您注释掉书本回调（即保存后、创建后），您可能会发现保存操作没有错误。

create_table "books", force: true do |t|
    t.string   "title"
    t.string   "author"
    t.text     "description"
    t.string   "link"
    t.integer  "score"
    t.boolean  "featured"
    t.datetime "created_at",         null: false
    t.datetime "updated_at",         null: false
    t.integer  "user_id"
    t.boolean  "likes"
    t.string   "cover_file_name"
    t.string   "cover_content_type"
    t.integer  "cover_file_size"
    t.datetime "cover_updated_at"
    t.string   "image_remote_url"
    t.string   "cover_url"
    t.string   "fake_cover"
    t.boolean  "permission"
    t.date     "release"
    t.string   "isbn"
  end