Ruby on rails 创建后RSpec控制器测试失败

我的程序按预期运行，但我的RSpec控制器测试代码中存在问题。我需要帮助对规范进行故障排除，这些规范是在我运行scaffold生成器时创建的。有三个“使用有效参数进行后期创建”失败：

POST create
with valid params
  creates a new Appointment (FAILED - 1)
  assigns a newly created appointment as @appointment (FAILED - 2)
  redirects to the created appointment (FAILED - 3)

Failures:

1) AppointmentsController POST create with valid params creates a new Appointment
 Failure/Error: expect {
   expected #count to have changed by 1, but was changed by 0
 # ./spec/controllers/appointments_controller_spec.rb:90:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

2) AppointmentsController POST create with valid params assigns a newly created appointment as @appointment
 Failure/Error: expect(assigns(:appointment)).to be_persisted
   expected `#<Appointment id: nil, member_id: nil, trainer_id: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil, date: "2020-01-02", starts_at: "2000-01-01 08:00:00", ends_at: "2000-01-01 09:00:00">.persisted?` to return true, got false
 # ./spec/controllers/appointments_controller_spec.rb:99:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

3) AppointmentsController POST create with valid params redirects to the created appointment
 Failure/Error: expect(response).to redirect_to(Appointment.last)
   Expected response to be a <redirect>, but was <200>
 # ./spec/controllers/appointments_controller_spec.rb:104:in `block (4 levels) in <top (required)>'

}

以下是约会控制器的代码：

class AppointmentsController < ApplicationController
before_action :set_appointment, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

# GET /appointments
# GET /appointments.json
def index
@appointments = Appointment.all
end

# GET /appointments/1
# GET /appointments/1.json
def show
end

# GET /appointments/new
def new
@appointment = Appointment.new
end

# GET /appointments/1/edit
def edit

预约模式的代码：

class Appointment < ActiveRecord::Base

belongs_to :member
belongs_to :trainer

validates_date :date, :on => :create, :on_or_after => :today

validates_time :starts_at, :between => ['06:30', '21:00']
validates_time :starts_at, :after => :now, :if => :today_appointment #scopes validation to current day only  
validates_time :ends_at, :after => :starts_at

validate :duration_of_appointment

validates :member, :trainer, presence: true

validates :starts_at, :ends_at, :overlap => {
:exclude_edges => ["starts_at", "ends_at"],
:scope => "date",
:scope => "starts_at",    
:scope => "trainer_id"    
}

validates :starts_at, :ends_at, :overlap => {
:exclude_edges => ["starts_at", "ends_at"],
:scope => "member_id"
}    


private

def today_appointment
Date.current == self.date     
end  


def duration_of_appointment
length = (ends_at - starts_at) / 60
return if length.between?(30, 120) # stops validation if length falls between the two integers
errors.add(:base, 'Duration must be between 30 and 120 minutes')
end
end

班级预约：create、：on\u或\u after=>：today
验证\u时间：在，：介于=>['06:30'，'21:00'之间开始\u
验证时间：开始时间：：之后=>:now，：if=>:today\u约会只将验证范围设置为当天
验证\u时间：在处结束\u，：之后=>：在处开始\u
验证：预约的持续时间
验证：成员，：培训师，状态：真
验证：起始点在，：结束点在，：重叠=>{
：exclude_edges=>[“开始于”，“结束于”]，
：scope=>“日期”，
：scope=>“开始于”，
：范围=>“培训师id”
}
验证：起始点在，：结束点在，：重叠=>{
：exclude_edges=>[“开始于”，“结束于”]，
：scope=>“成员id”
}    
私有的
def今日预约
Date.current==self.Date
结束
def预约的持续时间
长度=（结束时-开始时）/60
返回if length.between？（30，120）#如果长度介于两个整数之间，则停止验证
错误。添加（：base，“持续时间必须介于30到120分钟之间”）
结束
结束

您不应该向控制器提供成员和培训师的内置实例。相反，创建成员和培训师，并将其id作为

成员id

传递，

trainer\u id

位于有效的\u属性哈希中。 首先，创建所需的培训师和成员：

before :each do
  @trainer = FactoryGirl.build(:trainer)
  @member = FactoryGirl.build(:member)
end

然后在哈希中使用它们的ID：

let(:valid_attributes) { {
  'date' => '2020-01-02',
  'starts_at' => '08:00:00',
  'ends_at' => '09:00:00',    
  'member_id' => @member.id,
  'trainer_id' => @trainer.id 
}

---

在您的代码中，您甚至没有创建它们，您只创建了它们，但仅将

build（：trainer）

更改为

create（：trainer）

对您的情况无效。

谢谢您的回复，Felix。我正在学习Rails和RSpec，不完全理解您的建议。我有会员和培训师工厂，我是否使用它们创建两个类的实例（即会员和培训师）？我应该如何修改现有的“valid\u attributes”散列来传递ID？谢谢你的帮助！Felix-我的控制器测试在我将“FactoryGirl.build”更改为“FactoryGirl.create”后全部通过：每个块保存成员和培训师实例。正在将ID传递给控制器；所有规格均为绿色。稍后我将重构我的规格，使其干燥，并使用我的工厂。非常感谢你的帮助！！

class Appointment < ActiveRecord::Base

belongs_to :member
belongs_to :trainer

validates_date :date, :on => :create, :on_or_after => :today

validates_time :starts_at, :between => ['06:30', '21:00']
validates_time :starts_at, :after => :now, :if => :today_appointment #scopes validation to current day only  
validates_time :ends_at, :after => :starts_at

validate :duration_of_appointment

validates :member, :trainer, presence: true

validates :starts_at, :ends_at, :overlap => {
:exclude_edges => ["starts_at", "ends_at"],
:scope => "date",
:scope => "starts_at",    
:scope => "trainer_id"    
}

validates :starts_at, :ends_at, :overlap => {
:exclude_edges => ["starts_at", "ends_at"],
:scope => "member_id"
}    


private

def today_appointment
Date.current == self.date     
end  


def duration_of_appointment
length = (ends_at - starts_at) / 60
return if length.between?(30, 120) # stops validation if length falls between the two integers
errors.add(:base, 'Duration must be between 30 and 120 minutes')
end
end

before :each do
  @trainer = FactoryGirl.build(:trainer)
  @member = FactoryGirl.build(:member)
end

let(:valid_attributes) { {
  'date' => '2020-01-02',
  'starts_at' => '08:00:00',
  'ends_at' => '09:00:00',    
  'member_id' => @member.id,
  'trainer_id' => @trainer.id 
}