Sql plus无法连接到oracle

我已经在Windows7操作系统上安装了Oracle 11g。 这工作正常，但在从Sqlplus连接oracle时突然出现错误

C:\>sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Aug 24 00:14:32 2014

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: system
Enter password:

ERROR:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
ORA-27101: shared memory realm does not exist
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0

我已将ORACLE\u HOME=C:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome\u 1和ORACLE\u SID设置为orcl

listener.ora

#Network Configuration File: C:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
#Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = C:\app

特斯奈姆斯·奥拉

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )

更新1

我的init.ora文件：

# Example INIT.ORA file
#
# This file is provided by Oracle Corporation to help you start by providing
# a starting point to customize your RDBMS installation for your site. 
# 
# NOTE: The values that are used in this file are only intended to be used
# as a starting point. You may want to adjust/tune those values to your
# specific hardware and needs. You may also consider using Database
# Configuration Assistant tool (DBCA) to create INIT file and to size your
# initial set of tablespaces based on the user input.
###############################################################################

# Change '<ORACLE_BASE>' to point to the oracle base (the one you specify at
# install time)

db_name='ORCL'
memory_target=1G
processes = 150
audit_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/admin/orcl/adump'
audit_trail ='db'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_recovery_file_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2G
diagnostic_dest='<ORACLE_BASE>'
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLXDB)'
open_cursors=300 
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
# You may want to ensure that control files are created on separate physical
# devices
control_files = (ora_control1, ora_control2)
compatible ='11.2.0'

我很感谢有人能在这方面提供帮助。提前谢谢。

C:\>sqlplus/nolog
C:\> sqlplus /nolog

SQL> conn / as sysdba

SQL> startup

**Database starts**

SQL> conn <<your_user>>

SQL>conn/as sysdba
SQL>启动
**数据库启动**
SQL>conn

若数据库未启动，则表明您的

init.ora

文件有问题

---

祝你好运。

它既有用又博学，希望在这里也有用：

http://ora-data.blogspot.com/2016/11/sqlplus-not-connecting-in-oracle.html

[oracle@ebs sqlplus]$ echo $PATH
/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/oracle/bin

[oracle@ebs sqlplus]$ pwd
/u01/StageR122/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sqlplus

[oracle@ebs sqlplus]$ export PATH=$PATH:/u01/StageR122/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/

[oracle@ebs sqlplus]$ sqlplus '/as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jul 11 12:52:30 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>

---

谢谢，

请确保Windows服务

OracleOradb18Home1TNListener

正在运行。如果它已经在运行，请重新启动服务

运行以下shell命令：

sqlplus sys as sysdba
startup

您也可以运行此命令来检查它

sqlplus myUsername/myPassword@localhost

---

请确保数据库已启动。运气不好。这是我的init.ora文件内容。db\u name='ORCL'memory\u target=1G processs=150 audit\u file\u dest='/admin/ORCL/adump'audit\u trail='db'db\u block\u size=8192 db\u domain'=db\u recovery\u file\u dest='/flash\u recovery\u area'db\u recovery\u file\u dest\u size=2G diagnostic\u dest=''dispatchers='（协议=TCP）（服务=ORCLXDB）“open_cursors=300 remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'#您可能希望确保在单独的物理设备上创建控制文件控制文件=（ora_control1，ora_control2）compatible='11.2.0'我的错。在nolog模式下打开SQLplus后，尝试以sysdba身份连接：conn/as sysdba（仅当您以安装Oracle的SO用户身份登录时才起作用）。然后尝试启动命令。我将编辑答案以添加它。尝试过了，但没有成功，我已经在update1下添加了有问题的init.ora文件以及启动命令结果。哦，天哪。看起来像是后台进程或数据文件有问题，因为其他一切看起来都很好。也许dba.stackoverflow.com上的人可以帮助您。您必须查看警报日志和跟踪，但这似乎不是该站点的正确问题。也许从备份中恢复？

sqlplus myUsername/myPassword@localhost