Sql 如何在Case语句中仅显示聚合或标记的结果

我有一个获取中断时间异常的查询。我使用Case语句来标记记录。问题是，我只想列出那些被标记的或在跳过的中断或短中断列中有1的

SELECT        lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, SUM(TotalHours) AS TotalHours, DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(dtTimeOut), MAX(dtTimeIn)) AS BreakTime, 
                         CASE WHEN SUM(ftc.TotalHours) > 6 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS SkippedBreak, CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(mi, 
                         MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 30 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS ShortBreak
FROM            dbo.fTimeCard(@StartDate, @EndDate, @DeptList, @iActive, @EmployeeList) AS ftc
WHERE        (DID IS NOT NULL) OR
                         (DID IS NOT NULL) AND (dtTimeOut IS NULL)
GROUP BY lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, TotalHours

你需要加上

您无法在查询的WHERE部分进行筛选，因为此时尚未执行分组。分组后，可以使用HAVING子句执行其他筛选：

SELECT        lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, SUM(TotalHours) AS TotalHours, DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(dtTimeOut), MAX(dtTimeIn)) AS BreakTime, 
                     CASE WHEN SUM(ftc.TotalHours) > 6 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS SkippedBreak, CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(mi, 
                     MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 30 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS ShortBreak
FROM            dbo.fTimeCard(@StartDate, @EndDate, @DeptList, @iActive, @EmployeeList) AS ftc
WHERE        (DID IS NOT NULL) OR
                     (DID IS NOT NULL) AND (dtTimeOut IS NULL)
GROUP BY lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, TotalHours
HAVING SUM(ftc.TotalHours) > 6 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 0
OR DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 30 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) > 0

或者，您可以使用子查询并筛选子查询的结果：

SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT        lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, SUM(TotalHours) AS TotalHours, DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(dtTimeOut), MAX(dtTimeIn)) AS BreakTime, 
                     CASE WHEN SUM(ftc.TotalHours) > 6 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS SkippedBreak, CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(mi, 
                     MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 30 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS ShortBreak
FROM            dbo.fTimeCard(@StartDate, @EndDate, @DeptList, @iActive, @EmployeeList) AS ftc
WHERE        (DID IS NOT NULL) OR
                     (DID IS NOT NULL) AND (dtTimeOut IS NULL)
GROUP BY lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, TotalHours
) AS sub
WHERE sub.SkippedBreak = 1 OR sub.ShortBreak = 1

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你想要的和你现在拥有的有什么不同？现在它列出了所有的条目。我真的只希望员工工作超过6小时，休息时间少于30分钟，或者根本没有休息……这将列出所有员工条目，即使是休息时间超过30分钟的员工。我才不在乎呢那是行不通的。不能在WHERE部分中使用聚合函数，因为它是在GROUP BY part之前计算的。错误：聚合可能不会出现在WHERE子句中，除非它出现在HAVING子句或select列表中包含的子查询中，并且被聚合的列是外部引用。这非常有帮助。我喜欢你建议子查询的方式。

SELECT *
FROM (
SELECT        lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, SUM(TotalHours) AS TotalHours, DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(dtTimeOut), MAX(dtTimeIn)) AS BreakTime, 
                     CASE WHEN SUM(ftc.TotalHours) > 6 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS SkippedBreak, CASE WHEN DATEDIFF(mi, 
                     MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) < 30 AND DATEDIFF(mi, MIN(ftc.dtTimeOut), MAX(ftc.dtTimeIn)) > 0 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS ShortBreak
FROM            dbo.fTimeCard(@StartDate, @EndDate, @DeptList, @iActive, @EmployeeList) AS ftc
WHERE        (DID IS NOT NULL) OR
                     (DID IS NOT NULL) AND (dtTimeOut IS NULL)
GROUP BY lEmployeeID, sFirstName, sLastName, TotalHours
) AS sub
WHERE sub.SkippedBreak = 1 OR sub.ShortBreak = 1