Sql 选择XML节点作为行

我正在使用T-SQL从具有XML列的表中进行选择。我想选择一个特定类型的节点，并为每个节点创建一行

例如，假设我正在从人员表中进行选择。此表有一个用于地址的XML列。XML的格式类似于以下内容：

<address>
  <street>Street 1</street>
  <city>City 1</city>
  <state>State 1</state>
  <zipcode>Zip Code 1</zipcode>
</address>
<address>
  <street>Street 2</street>
  <city>City 2</city>
  <state>State 2</state>
  <zipcode>Zip Code 2</zipcode>
</address>

我怎样才能得到这样的结果：

名称系统状态

乔·贝克尔·西塔特瓦

乔·贝克尔·塔科马瓦

---

Fred JonesVancouverBC

如果您可以使用它，linq api对于XML非常方便：

var addresses = dataContext.People.Addresses
    .Elements("address")
        .Select(address => new { 
            street  = address.Element("street").Value, 
            city    = address.Element("city").Value, 
            state   = address.Element("state").Value, 
            zipcode = address.Element("zipcode").Value, 
        });

---

以下是您的解决方案：

/* TEST TABLE */
DECLARE @PEOPLE AS TABLE ([Name] VARCHAR(20),  [Address] XML )
INSERT INTO @PEOPLE SELECT 
    'Joel', 
    '<address>
      <street>Street 1</street>
      <city>City 1</city>
      <state>State 1</state>
      <zipcode>Zip Code 1</zipcode>
    </address>
    <address>
      <street>Street 2</street>
      <city>City 2</city>
      <state>State 2</state>
      <zipcode>Zip Code 2</zipcode>
    </address>'
UNION ALL SELECT
    'Kim', 
    '<address>
      <street>Street 3</street>
      <city>City 3</city>
      <state>State 3</state>
      <zipcode>Zip Code 3</zipcode>
    </address>'

SELECT * FROM @PEOPLE

-- BUILD XML
DECLARE @x XML
SELECT @x = 
( SELECT 
      [Name]
    , [Address].query('
            for $a in //address
            return <address 
                street="{$a/street}" 
                city="{$a/city}" 
                state="{$a/state}" 
                zipcode="{$a/zipcode}" 
            />
        ') 
  FROM @PEOPLE AS people 
  FOR XML AUTO
) 

-- RESULTS
SELECT [Name]    = T.Item.value('../@Name', 'varchar(20)'),
       street    = T.Item.value('@street' , 'varchar(20)'),
       city      = T.Item.value('@city'   , 'varchar(20)'),
       state     = T.Item.value('@state'  , 'varchar(20)'),
       zipcode   = T.Item.value('@zipcode', 'varchar(20)')
FROM   @x.nodes('//people/address') AS T(Item)

/* OUTPUT*/

Name | street   | city   | state   | zipcode
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Joel | Street 1 | City 1 | State 1 | Zip Code 1
Joel | Street 2 | City 2 | State 2 | Zip Code 2
Kim  | Street 3 | City 3 | State 3 | Zip Code 3

---

我一般是这样做的：

我通过如下调用分解源XML

DECLARE @xmlEntityList xml
SET @xmlEntityList =
'
<ArbitrarilyNamedXmlListElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement><SomeVeryImportantInteger>1</SomeVeryImportantInteger></ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement><SomeVeryImportantInteger>2</SomeVeryImportantInteger></ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement><SomeVeryImportantInteger>3</SomeVeryImportantInteger></ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
</ArbitrarilyNamedXmlListElement>
'

    DECLARE @tblEntityList  TABLE(
        SomeVeryImportantInteger    int
    )

    INSERT @tblEntityList(SomeVeryImportantInteger)
    SELECT 
        XmlItem.query('//SomeVeryImportantInteger[1]').value('.','int') as SomeVeryImportantInteger
    FROM
        [dbo].[tvfShredGetOneColumnedTableOfXmlItems] (@xmlEntityList)

利用标量值函数

/* Example Inputs */
/*
DECLARE @xmlListFormat xml
SET     @xmlListFormat =
            '
            <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlListElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>004421UB7</ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>59020UH24</ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
              <ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>542514NA8</ArbitrarilyNamedXmlItemElement>
            </ArbitrarilyNamedXmlListElement>
            '
declare @tblResults TABLE 
(
    XmlItem xml
)

*/

-- =============================================
-- Author:      6eorge Jetson
-- Create date: 01/02/3003
-- Description: Shreds a list of XML items conforming to
--              the expected generic @xmlListFormat
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[tvfShredGetOneColumnedTableOfXmlItems]  
(
    -- Add the parameters for the function here
    @xmlListFormat xml
)
RETURNS 
@tblResults TABLE 
(
    -- Add the column definitions for the TABLE variable here
    XmlItem xml
)
AS
BEGIN

    -- Fill the table variable with the rows for your result set
    INSERT @tblResults
    SELECT
        tblShredded.colXmlItem.query('.')   as XmlItem
    FROM
         @xmlListFormat.nodes('/child::*/child::*') as tblShredded(colXmlItem)

    RETURN 
END

--SELECT * FROM @tblResults

---

如果这对其他正在寻找通用解决方案的人有用，我创建了一个CLR过程，它可以像上面一样获取Xml片段并将其分解成一个表格结果集，而无需提供关于列名称或类型的任何附加信息，也无需以任何方式自定义对给定Xml片段的调用：

---

当然也有一些限制xml必须是表格式的，就像这个示例一样，第一行需要包含所有支持的元素/列，等等，但我确实希望它比可用的内置内容提前几步。

这里有一个替代解决方案：

;with cte as 
(
    select id, name, addresses, addresses.value('count(/address/city)','int') cnt
    from @demo
)
, cte2 as
(
    select id, name, addresses, addresses.value('((/address/city)[sql:column("cnt")])[1]','nvarchar(256)') city, cnt-1 idx 
    from cte 
    where cnt > 0

    union all

    select cte.id, cte.name, cte.addresses, cte.addresses.value('((/address/city)[sql:column("cte2.idx")])[1]','nvarchar(256)'), cte2.idx-1 
    from cte2 
    inner join cte on cte.id = cte2.id and cte2.idx > 0
)
select id, name, city 
from cte2 
order by id, city

---

仅供参考：我在这里的代码审查网站上发布了此SQL的另一个版本：

我知道，但linq呈现给t-SQL。我猜这是一个存储过程。实际上是一个报表，但是的，我不能使用C。搜索了一会儿，直到我找到了这个优秀的示例。谢谢你！