VHDL RGB与YUV444实现不匹配
设计 我试图在基于硬件的下一个近似中实现RGB到YUV444的转换算法，我在基于C的程序中工作：VHDL RGB与YUV444实现不匹配,vhdl,video-processing,yuv,Vhdl,Video Processing,Yuv,设计 我试图在基于硬件的下一个近似中实现RGB到YUV444的转换算法，我在基于C的程序中工作： #define CLIP(X) ( (X) > 255 ? 255 : (X) < 0 ? 0 : X) #define RGB2Y(R, G, B) CLIP(( ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16) #define RGB2U(R, G, B) CLIP(( ( -38 * (R) - 74 *
#define CLIP(X) ( (X) > 255 ? 255 : (X) < 0 ? 0 : X)
#define RGB2Y(R, G, B) CLIP(( ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
#define RGB2U(R, G, B) CLIP(( ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
#define RGB2V(R, G, B) CLIP(( ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
--Constants
constant coeff_0 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "01000010"; --66
constant coeff_1 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "10000001"; --129
constant coeff_2 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "00011001"; --25
constant coeff_3 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "00100110"; --38
constant coeff_4 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "01001010"; --74
constant coeff_5 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "01110000"; --112
constant coeff_6 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "01011110"; --94
constant coeff_7 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "00010010"; --18
constant coeff_8 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "10000000"; --128
constant coeff_9 : unsigned(7 downto 0) := "00010000"; --16
--Pipeline registers
signal red_reg : unsigned(7 downto 0);
signal green_reg : unsigned(7 downto 0);
signal blue_reg : unsigned(7 downto 0);
signal y_red_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal y_green_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal y_blue_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal u_red_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal u_green_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal u_blue_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal v_red_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal v_green_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal v_blue_reg_op1 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal y_reg_op2 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal u_reg_op2 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal v_reg_op2 : unsigned(15 downto 0);
signal y_reg_op3 : unsigned(7 downto 0);
signal u_reg_op3 : unsigned(7 downto 0);
signal v_reg_op3 : unsigned(7 downto 0);
RGB_YUV_PROC : process(clk)
begin
if rising_edge(clk) then
if rst = '1' then
red_reg <= (others => '0');
green_reg <= (others => '0');
blue_reg <= (others => '0');
y_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
u_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
v_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
y_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
u_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
v_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
yuv444_out <= (others => '0');
soff_sync <= '0';
else
--Sync with first video frame with the tuser (sof) input signal
if rgb_sof_in = '1' then
soff_sync <= '1';
end if;
--Fetch a pixel
if (rgb_sof_in = '1' or soff_sync = '1') and rgb_valid_in = '1' and yuv444_ready_out = '1' and bypass = '0' then
green_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(7 downto 0));
blue_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(15 downto 8));
red_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(23 downto 16));
end if;
-- RGB to YUV conversion
-- Y--> CLIP(( ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
-- U--> CLIP(( ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
-- V--> CLIP(( ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
if (rgb_sof_in = '1' or soff_sync = '1') and (valid_delay = '1' or validff1 = '1') and yuv444_ready_out = '1' and bypass = '0' then
--Y calc ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
y_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_0 * red_reg;
y_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_1 * green_reg;
y_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_2 * blue_reg;
y_reg_op2 <= y_red_reg_op1 + y_green_reg_op1 + y_blue_reg_op1 + (X"00" & coeff_8);
y_reg_op3 <= (y_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_9);
--U calc ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
u_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_3 * red_reg;
u_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_4 * green_reg;
u_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * blue_reg;
u_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(u_blue_reg_op1, (u_red_reg_op1 + u_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
u_reg_op3 <= (u_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8);
--V calc ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
v_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * red_reg;
v_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_6 * green_reg;
v_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_7 * blue_reg;
v_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(v_red_reg_op1, (v_blue_reg_op1 + v_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
v_reg_op3 <= (v_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8);
--Output data
yuv444_out <= std_logic_vector(v_reg_op3) & std_logic_vector(u_reg_op3) & std_logic_vector(y_reg_op3);
elsif yuv444_ready_out = '1' and rgb_valid_in = '1' and bypass = '1' then
yuv444_out <= rgb_in;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process; -- RGB_YUV_PROC
RGB_YUV_过程：过程（clk）
开始
如果上升沿（clk），则
如果rst='1'，则
红色_reg“0”）；
绿色_reg“0”）；
蓝色_reg“0”）；
y_red_reg_op1'0'）；
y_green_reg_op1'0'）；
y_blue_reg_op1'0'）；
u_red_reg_op1'0'）；
u_green_reg_op1'0'）；
u_blue_reg_op1'0'）；
v_red_reg_op1'0'）；
v_green_reg_op1'0'）；
v_blue_reg_op1'0'）；
y_reg_op2'0'）；
u_reg_op2'0'）；
v_reg_op2'0'）；
y_reg_op3'0'）；
u_reg_op3'0'）；
v_reg_op3'0'）；
yuv444_out“0”）；
soff_同步>8）+128）
--V-->剪辑（（112*（R）-94*（G）-18*（B）+128>>8）+128）
如果（rgb_sof_in='1'或soff_sync='1'）和（valid_delay='1'或validf1='1'）以及yuv444_ready_out='1'和旁路='0'，则
--Y计算（66*（R）+129*（G）+25*（B）+128>>8）+16）
y_red_reg_op1第一件事：检查您是否使用YUV或YCbCr。这些都是经常混淆和不一样的！！！不要把它们混在一起
然后我明白了：
#定义剪辑（X）（（X）>255？255：（X）<0？0:X）
及
函数剪辑（多输入：无符号（15到0））
返回未签名的is
开始
如果to_整数（无符号（mult_in））>240，则
返回无符号（到_unsigned（240,8））；
其他的
返回未签名（mult_in（7到0））；
如果结束；
端夹；
这些是非常不同的功能。第一个使用带符号的数据类型，剪辑介于255和0之间，第二个仅剪辑240个正数，并且由于减法可能导致的算术溢出将无法正确处理。由于某种原因，您在整个代码中使用了无符号
算术！（为什么？签名的有什么问题？）
所以你已经在比较苹果和桔子了
接下来，你似乎在使用一个绝对函数？！为什么？这根本不是原始代码的一部分。这当然会产生人工制品。你不能只是在负值上翻转符号，期望它们是正确的
此外，请使用正确的命名。常量值16不应命名为coeff_9
。使代码难以阅读和维护。如果您想要灵活性，请使用完全不同的结构。像coeff_X
这样的名字不会告诉你什么：当然它可能是一个系数，但它的用途是什么等等
实际上，你可以写（注意，我已经假设了有符号算术）
y_red_reg_op1模拟是否测试YCbCr的全部范围？（我想你指的是YCbCr，因为YUV是模拟视频）当你检查整个范围时，模拟中是否出现饱和？是的，是的，对不起，我指的是YCbCr…问题是，无论光线条件如何，它总是会发生，其中一个实验是将相机拍摄的静止图像的rgb值输入测试台，并将结果与软件转换进行比较“golden”值，验证成功完成，但测试将相机指向同一视图的硬件实现会产生颜色转换问题。您如何知道golden参考中不存在此问题？您是否将测试结果转换为位图（或类似）以直观地查看结果？感谢您的回答和建议，老实说，我怀疑是使用有符号还是无符号，但我的错误是尝试使用无符号，认为这样会更简单（最后使其更复杂）相信一个不太好的测试平台：）我认为它可以解释和解决我遇到的问题以及与模拟不匹配的问题。同意这个命名，我通常会尝试让它可读，但这是作为一个快速原型编写的，如果它起作用，我当然计划用更好的名称重写它们……我将应用这些更改来改进测试台，看看是否有效
RGB_YUV_PROC : process(clk)
begin
if rising_edge(clk) then
if rst = '1' then
red_reg <= (others => '0');
green_reg <= (others => '0');
blue_reg <= (others => '0');
y_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
u_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_red_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_green_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
v_blue_reg_op1 <= (others => '0');
y_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
u_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
v_reg_op2 <= (others => '0');
y_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
u_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
v_reg_op3 <= (others => '0');
yuv444_out <= (others => '0');
soff_sync <= '0';
else
--Sync with first video frame with the tuser (sof) input signal
if rgb_sof_in = '1' then
soff_sync <= '1';
end if;
--Fetch a pixel
if (rgb_sof_in = '1' or soff_sync = '1') and rgb_valid_in = '1' and yuv444_ready_out = '1' and bypass = '0' then
green_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(7 downto 0));
blue_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(15 downto 8));
red_reg <= unsigned(rgb_in(23 downto 16));
end if;
-- RGB to YUV conversion
-- Y--> CLIP(( ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
-- U--> CLIP(( ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
-- V--> CLIP(( ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
if (rgb_sof_in = '1' or soff_sync = '1') and (valid_delay = '1' or validff1 = '1') and yuv444_ready_out = '1' and bypass = '0' then
--Y calc ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
y_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_0 * red_reg;
y_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_1 * green_reg;
y_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_2 * blue_reg;
y_reg_op2 <= y_red_reg_op1 + y_green_reg_op1 + y_blue_reg_op1 + (X"00" & coeff_8);
y_reg_op3 <= (y_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_9);
--U calc ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
u_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_3 * red_reg;
u_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_4 * green_reg;
u_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * blue_reg;
u_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(u_blue_reg_op1, (u_red_reg_op1 + u_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
u_reg_op3 <= (u_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8);
--V calc ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
v_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * red_reg;
v_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_6 * green_reg;
v_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_7 * blue_reg;
v_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(v_red_reg_op1, (v_blue_reg_op1 + v_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
v_reg_op3 <= (v_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8);
--Output data
yuv444_out <= std_logic_vector(v_reg_op3) & std_logic_vector(u_reg_op3) & std_logic_vector(y_reg_op3);
elsif yuv444_ready_out = '1' and rgb_valid_in = '1' and bypass = '1' then
yuv444_out <= rgb_in;
end if;
end if;
end if;
end process; -- RGB_YUV_PROC
if (rgb_sof_in = '1' or soff_sync = '1') and (valid_delay = '1' or validff1 = '1') and yuv444_ready_out = '1' and bypass = '0' then
--Y calc ( 66 * (R) + 129 * (G) + 25 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 16)
y_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_0 * red_reg;
y_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_1 * green_reg;
y_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_2 * blue_reg;
y_reg_op2 <= y_red_reg_op1 + y_green_reg_op1 + y_blue_reg_op1 + (X"00" & coeff_8);
y_reg_op3 <= clip( X"00" & (y_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_9));
--U calc ( -38 * (R) - 74 * (G) + 112 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
u_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_3 * red_reg;
u_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_4 * green_reg;
u_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * blue_reg;
u_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(u_blue_reg_op1, (u_red_reg_op1 + u_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
u_reg_op3 <= clip( X"00" & (u_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8));
--V calc ( 112 * (R) - 94 * (G) - 18 * (B) + 128) >> 8) + 128)
v_red_reg_op1 <= coeff_5 * red_reg;
v_green_reg_op1 <= coeff_6 * green_reg;
v_blue_reg_op1 <= coeff_7 * blue_reg;
v_reg_op2 <= uv_op_abs(v_red_reg_op1, (v_blue_reg_op1 + v_green_reg_op1), (X"00" & coeff_8));
v_reg_op3 <= clip( X"00"& (v_reg_op2(15 downto 8) + coeff_8));