Angular 角度测试示例组件无法加载karma中的模板

我正在运行Banner-Spec测试，从中获取。 运行

npm测试时

出现以下错误：

Chrome 57.0.2987 (Mac OS X 10.11.6): Executed 0 of 3 SUCCESS (0 secs / 0 secs)
Chrome 57.0.2987 (Mac OS X 10.11.6) BannerComponent (templateUrl) no title in the DOM until manually call `detectChanges` FAILED
Failed: Uncaught (in promise): Failed to load app/banner.component.html
Error: Uncaught (in promise): Failed to load app/banner.component.html
Error: This test module uses the component BannerComponent which is using a "templateUrl" or "styleUrls", but they were never compiled. Please call "TestBed.compileComponents" before your test.
TypeError: Cannot read property 'textContent' of undefined
WARN [web-server]: 404: /base/app/banner.component.html
ERROR: 'Unhandled Promise rejection:', 'Failed to load app/banner.component.html', '; Zone:', 'ProxyZone', '; Task:', 'Promise.then', '; Value:', 'Failed to load app/banner.component.html', undefined

这是我的包。json：

{
  "name": "angular-io-example",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "description": "Example project from an angular.io guide.",
  "scripts": {
    "test:once": "karma start karma.conf.js --single-run",
    "build": "tsc -p src/",
    "serve": "lite-server -c=bs-config.json",
    "prestart": "npm run build",
    "start": "concurrently \"npm run build:watch\" \"npm run serve\"",
    "pretest": "npm run build",
    "test": "concurrently \"npm run build:watch\" \"karma start karma.conf.js\"",
    "pretest:once": "npm run build",
    "build:watch": "tsc -p src/ -w",
    "build:upgrade": "tsc",
    "serve:upgrade": "http-server",
    "build:aot": "ngc -p tsconfig-aot.json && rollup -c rollup-config.js",
    "serve:aot": "lite-server -c bs-config.aot.json",
    "build:babel": "babel src -d src --extensions \".es6\" --source-maps",
    "copy-dist-files": "node ./copy-dist-files.js",
    "i18n": "ng-xi18n",
    "lint": "tslint ./src/**/*.ts -t verbose"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "@angular/common": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/compiler": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/compiler-cli": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/core": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/forms": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/http": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-browser": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-server": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/router": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/tsc-wrapped": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/upgrade": "~4.0.0",
    "angular-in-memory-web-api": "~0.3.1",
    "core-js": "^2.4.1",
    "rxjs": "5.0.1",
    "systemjs": "0.19.39",
    "zone.js": "^0.8.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/angular": "^1.5.16",
    "@types/angular-animate": "^1.5.5",
    "@types/angular-cookies": "^1.4.2",
    "@types/angular-mocks": "^1.5.5",
    "@types/angular-resource": "^1.5.6",
    "@types/angular-route": "^1.3.2",
    "@types/angular-sanitize": "^1.3.3",
    "@types/jasmine": "^2.5.36",
    "@types/node": "^6.0.45",
    "babel-cli": "^6.16.0",
    "babel-preset-angular2": "^0.0.2",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.16.0",
    "canonical-path": "0.0.2",
    "concurrently": "^3.0.0",
    "http-server": "^0.9.0",
    "jasmine": "~2.4.1",
    "jasmine-core": "~2.4.1",
    "karma": "^1.3.0",
    "karma-chrome-launcher": "^2.0.0",
    "karma-cli": "^1.0.1",
    "karma-jasmine": "^1.0.2",
    "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^0.2.2",
    "karma-phantomjs-launcher": "^1.0.2",
    "lite-server": "^2.2.2",
    "lodash": "^4.16.2",
    "phantomjs-prebuilt": "^2.1.7",
    "protractor": "~4.0.14",
    "rollup": "^0.36.0",
    "rollup-plugin-commonjs": "^4.1.0",
    "rollup-plugin-node-resolve": "^2.0.0",
    "rollup-plugin-uglify": "^1.0.1",
    "source-map-explorer": "^1.3.2",
    "tslint": "^3.15.1",
    "typescript": "~2.2.0"
  },
  "repository": {}
}

import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By }              from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { DebugElement }    from '@angular/core';

import { BannerComponent } from './banner.component';

describe('BannerComponent (templateUrl)', () => {

  let comp:    BannerComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<BannerComponent>;
  let de:      DebugElement;
  let el:      HTMLElement;

  // async beforeEach
  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [ BannerComponent ], // declare the test component
    })
    .compileComponents();  // compile template and css
  }));

  // synchronous beforeEach
  beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(BannerComponent);

    comp = fixture.componentInstance; // BannerComponent test instance

    // query for the title <h1> by CSS element selector
    de = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('h1'));
    el = de.nativeElement;
  });

  it('no title in the DOM until manually call `detectChanges`', () => {
    expect(el.textContent).toEqual('');
  });

  it('should display original title', () => {
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(el.textContent).toContain(comp.title);
  });

  it('should display a different test title', () => {
    comp.title = 'Test Title';
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(el.textContent).toContain('Test Title');
  });

});

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-banner',
  //moduleId: module.id,
  templateUrl: './banner.component.html',
  styleUrls:  ['./banner.component.css']
})
export class BannerComponent {
  title = 'Test Tour of Heroes';
}

Mybanner.component.spec.ts：

{
  "name": "angular-io-example",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "private": true,
  "description": "Example project from an angular.io guide.",
  "scripts": {
    "test:once": "karma start karma.conf.js --single-run",
    "build": "tsc -p src/",
    "serve": "lite-server -c=bs-config.json",
    "prestart": "npm run build",
    "start": "concurrently \"npm run build:watch\" \"npm run serve\"",
    "pretest": "npm run build",
    "test": "concurrently \"npm run build:watch\" \"karma start karma.conf.js\"",
    "pretest:once": "npm run build",
    "build:watch": "tsc -p src/ -w",
    "build:upgrade": "tsc",
    "serve:upgrade": "http-server",
    "build:aot": "ngc -p tsconfig-aot.json && rollup -c rollup-config.js",
    "serve:aot": "lite-server -c bs-config.aot.json",
    "build:babel": "babel src -d src --extensions \".es6\" --source-maps",
    "copy-dist-files": "node ./copy-dist-files.js",
    "i18n": "ng-xi18n",
    "lint": "tslint ./src/**/*.ts -t verbose"
  },
  "keywords": [],
  "author": "",
  "license": "MIT",
  "dependencies": {
    "@angular/common": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/compiler": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/compiler-cli": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/core": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/forms": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/http": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-browser": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-browser-dynamic": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/platform-server": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/router": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/tsc-wrapped": "~4.0.0",
    "@angular/upgrade": "~4.0.0",
    "angular-in-memory-web-api": "~0.3.1",
    "core-js": "^2.4.1",
    "rxjs": "5.0.1",
    "systemjs": "0.19.39",
    "zone.js": "^0.8.4"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/angular": "^1.5.16",
    "@types/angular-animate": "^1.5.5",
    "@types/angular-cookies": "^1.4.2",
    "@types/angular-mocks": "^1.5.5",
    "@types/angular-resource": "^1.5.6",
    "@types/angular-route": "^1.3.2",
    "@types/angular-sanitize": "^1.3.3",
    "@types/jasmine": "^2.5.36",
    "@types/node": "^6.0.45",
    "babel-cli": "^6.16.0",
    "babel-preset-angular2": "^0.0.2",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.16.0",
    "canonical-path": "0.0.2",
    "concurrently": "^3.0.0",
    "http-server": "^0.9.0",
    "jasmine": "~2.4.1",
    "jasmine-core": "~2.4.1",
    "karma": "^1.3.0",
    "karma-chrome-launcher": "^2.0.0",
    "karma-cli": "^1.0.1",
    "karma-jasmine": "^1.0.2",
    "karma-jasmine-html-reporter": "^0.2.2",
    "karma-phantomjs-launcher": "^1.0.2",
    "lite-server": "^2.2.2",
    "lodash": "^4.16.2",
    "phantomjs-prebuilt": "^2.1.7",
    "protractor": "~4.0.14",
    "rollup": "^0.36.0",
    "rollup-plugin-commonjs": "^4.1.0",
    "rollup-plugin-node-resolve": "^2.0.0",
    "rollup-plugin-uglify": "^1.0.1",
    "source-map-explorer": "^1.3.2",
    "tslint": "^3.15.1",
    "typescript": "~2.2.0"
  },
  "repository": {}
}

import { async, ComponentFixture, TestBed } from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By }              from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { DebugElement }    from '@angular/core';

import { BannerComponent } from './banner.component';

describe('BannerComponent (templateUrl)', () => {

  let comp:    BannerComponent;
  let fixture: ComponentFixture<BannerComponent>;
  let de:      DebugElement;
  let el:      HTMLElement;

  // async beforeEach
  beforeEach(async(() => {
    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
      declarations: [ BannerComponent ], // declare the test component
    })
    .compileComponents();  // compile template and css
  }));

  // synchronous beforeEach
  beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(BannerComponent);

    comp = fixture.componentInstance; // BannerComponent test instance

    // query for the title <h1> by CSS element selector
    de = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('h1'));
    el = de.nativeElement;
  });

  it('no title in the DOM until manually call `detectChanges`', () => {
    expect(el.textContent).toEqual('');
  });

  it('should display original title', () => {
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(el.textContent).toContain(comp.title);
  });

  it('should display a different test title', () => {
    comp.title = 'Test Title';
    fixture.detectChanges();
    expect(el.textContent).toContain('Test Title');
  });

});

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-banner',
  //moduleId: module.id,
  templateUrl: './banner.component.html',
  styleUrls:  ['./banner.component.css']
})
export class BannerComponent {
  title = 'Test Tour of Heroes';
}

这很奇怪，因为我从页面中获取了代码，但没有工作。如果我试图以

npm start

的方式运行应用程序，则会收到

无法获取

消息。另外，请检查，我的所有文件似乎都是相同的。对于另一个项目，收到了相同的错误消息

我尝试了这里的建议和github的包页面，但找不到答案

我猜是软件包版本

---

已编辑：使用正确的文件名

此问题出现在使用快速启动设置的过程中。Angular CLI方法可能不会遇到同样的问题，因为webpack内联了样式和模板

这似乎是由于

quickstart

存储库中的

systemjs angular loader.js

过期所致

如果你使用take，你可以看到它在几天前已经被固定为使用karma

具体来说，修复程序似乎正在取代

basePath = basePath.replace(baseHref, '');

与

---

“组件相对路径”cookbook已删除（2017-03-13），其中描述了这些更改，特别建议不要使用

模块：module.id

——这应该不再是必要的了。

我最后只是用引用（在我的例子中是styleURL）覆盖组件，如下所示：

TestBed.configureTestingModule({
  declarations: [ BannerComponent ], // declare the test component
})
.overrideComponent(BannerComponent, {
  set: {
    styleUrls: []
    // I assume you can do the same for templateUrl here
  }
})
.compileComponents();  // compile template and css

---

什么时候出现此错误？听起来您需要调用

fixture.detectChanges（）

。不确定其他错误（加载banner.component失败）的原因添加

BannerComponent

html源代码question@Aravin，当我运行

npm测试时@添加了Babar_Bilial，但使用了另一个文件名，我在问题中解决了这个问题。这就成功了。需要将
moduleId:module.id
添加到我的组件中。实际上，您不应该需要它，请参阅更改日志中的最新注释：“所有moduleId的提及均已删除。“组件相对路径”cookbook已删除（2017-03-13）