如何在C#中测量给定进程的CPU周期?
我有一些不同的模型,它们使用不同的算法执行相同的任务。我想通过测量CPU周期来比较这些模型的性能(我尝试使用如何在C#中测量给定进程的CPU周期?,c#,performance,cpu-usage,C#,Performance,Cpu Usage,我有一些不同的模型,它们使用不同的算法执行相同的任务。我想通过测量CPU周期来比较这些模型的性能(我尝试使用System.Diagnostics.StopWatch来计算滴答声,但结果不够准确) 我发现了一种通过使用p/Invoke测量CPU周期的方法,如下所示: IModel model; CodeTimer.Time(true, model.ToString(), totalTime, model.TimeStep); 上面的方法按N乘以方法model.TimeStep进行迭代。我注意到,
System.Diagnostics.StopWatch
来计算滴答声,但结果不够准确)
我发现了一种通过使用p/Invoke
测量CPU周期的方法,如下所示:
IModel model;
CodeTimer.Time(true, model.ToString(), totalTime, model.TimeStep);
上面的方法按N
乘以方法model.TimeStep
进行迭代。我注意到,CodeTimer.Time
的结果变化很大(至少有一个数量级,从58 KCycles
到890 KCycles
)。因此,如果我错了,请纠正我的错误,但由于CodeTimer
类标记了进程前后的周期,因此它还可以统计在执行model.TimeStep
方法(我要测量性能的方法)期间发生的任何其他进程(甚至是操作系统进程)所使用的周期
所以有两个问题:
系统.Threading.Thread
中迭代model.TimeStep()
,并使用。然而,当QueryProcessCycleTime
接收到一个System.Threading.WaitHandle
(或者一个IntPtr
)作为输入时,我不知道如何告诉这个方法我想测量我刚刚创建的特定线程的周期。换句话说,我不知道如何将我创建的用于迭代模型的线程
、WaitHandle
和QueryProcessCycleTime
组合在一起,尽管我读过一些使用WaitHandle
的文章(我只是不能将所有内容混合在一起)
我怎样才能做到这一点
应该是这样的:
class ModelSimulator
{
public Model1 model1 { get; private set; } // implements IModel
public Model2 model2 { get; private set; } // implements IModel
/* other methods */
public void RunModel(object obj)
{
IModel model = (IModel)obj;
Int32 t = model.maxTime;
while (t-- > 0)
model.TimeStep();
}
}
在main
方法中,我执行以下操作:
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern Boolean QueryProcessCycleTime(SafeWaitHandle processHandle, out UInt64 CycleTime);
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ModelSimulator ms = new ModelSimulator();
Thread thread = new Thread(ms.RunModel);
thread.Start(ms.model1);
// here I start the thread, but how can I use QueryProcessCycleTime to measure
// the thread execution
}
附言:我的答案不是重复的,因为我需要一些更具体的答案,这是不存在的。。。我的问题可能是对这个问题的补充。正如@ShlomiBorovitz所建议的,可以使用来识别运行进程的线程。可能的解决方案是对模型进行非常简单的修改。所需的修改可在本答案末尾找到。我添加了一个名为PerformanceStatus
的类,以便在用于测量性能的CodeTimer.Time()
方法的结果中获得级别0、1和2的垃圾收集量。因此,我们还可以知道垃圾收集器在这个过程中是否收集了任何东西
然后您只需要像这样使用它:
ModelSimulator nm = new ModelSimulator();
CodeTimer c = new CodeTimer(nm.RunModel, model); // model implements IModel
UInt64 time = c.Time().CPUCycles;
Console.WriteLine("{0:0.000e+000} KCy", (Double)time / 1000.0D);
问题中给出了类ModelSimulator
,该类带有一个方法ModelSimulator.RunModel(IModel model)
,该方法接收类型为IModel
的对象
下面是衡量性能所需的CodeTimer.cs
public sealed class CycleTime
{
private Boolean m_trackingThreadTime;
private SafeWaitHandle m_handle;
private UInt64 m_startCycleTime;
private CycleTime(Boolean trackingThreadTime, SafeWaitHandle handle)
{
m_trackingThreadTime = trackingThreadTime;
m_handle = handle;
m_startCycleTime = m_trackingThreadTime ? Thread() : Process(m_handle);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public UInt64 Elapsed()
{
UInt64 now = m_trackingThreadTime ? Thread(/*m_handle*/) : Process(m_handle);
return now - m_startCycleTime;
}
public static CycleTime StartThread(SafeWaitHandle threadHandle)
{
return new CycleTime(true, threadHandle);
}
public static CycleTime StartProcess(SafeWaitHandle processHandle)
{
return new CycleTime(false, processHandle);
}
public static UInt64 Thread(IntPtr threadHandle)
{
UInt64 cycleTime;
if (!QueryThreadCycleTime(threadHandle, out cycleTime))
throw new Win32Exception();
return cycleTime;
}
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the cycle time for the specified thread.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="threadHandle">Identifies the thread whose cycle time you'd like to obtain.</param>
/// <returns>The thread's cycle time.</returns>
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public static UInt64 Thread(SafeWaitHandle threadHandle)
{
UInt64 cycleTime;
if (!QueryThreadCycleTime(threadHandle, out cycleTime))
throw new Win32Exception();
return cycleTime;
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public static UInt64 Thread()
{
UInt64 cycleTime;
if (!QueryThreadCycleTime((IntPtr)(-2), out cycleTime))
throw new Win32Exception();
return cycleTime;
}
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the sum of the cycle time of all threads of the specified process.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="processHandle">Identifies the process whose threads' cycles times you'd like to obtain.</param>
/// <returns>The process' cycle time.</returns>
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public static UInt64 Process(SafeWaitHandle processHandle)
{
UInt64 cycleTime;
if (!QueryProcessCycleTime(processHandle, out cycleTime))
throw new Win32Exception();
return cycleTime;
}
/// <summary>
/// Retrieves the cycle time for the idle thread of each processor in the system.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The number of CPU clock cycles used by each idle thread.</returns>
[CLSCompliant(false)]
public static UInt64[] IdleProcessors()
{
Int32 byteCount = Environment.ProcessorCount;
UInt64[] cycleTimes = new UInt64[byteCount];
byteCount *= 8; // Size of UInt64
if (!QueryIdleProcessorCycleTime(ref byteCount, cycleTimes))
throw new Win32Exception();
return cycleTimes;
}
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern Boolean QueryThreadCycleTime(IntPtr threadHandle, out UInt64 CycleTime);
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern Boolean QueryThreadCycleTime(SafeWaitHandle threadHandle, out UInt64 CycleTime);
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern Boolean QueryProcessCycleTime(SafeWaitHandle processHandle, out UInt64 CycleTime);
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
private static extern Boolean QueryIdleProcessorCycleTime(ref Int32 byteCount, UInt64[] CycleTimes);
[DllImport("Kernel32", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr GetCurrentThread();
}
public sealed class CodeTimer //: IDisposable
{
private Int32 m_collectionCount0;
private Int32 m_collectionCount1;
private Int32 m_collectionCount2;
private Thread m_thread;
private IModel m_model;
private Action<IModel> m_performanceMethod;
private UInt64 outThreadCycles;
public CodeTimer(Action<IModel> perfMethod, IModel model)
{
PrepareForOperation();
m_performanceMethod = perfMethod;
m_model = model;
m_thread = new Thread(PerformanceTest);
}
private void PerformanceTest()
{
PrepareForOperation();
IntPtr p = CycleTime.GetCurrentThread();
UInt64 t = CycleTime.Thread(p);
m_performanceMethod(m_model);
outThreadCycles = CycleTime.Thread(p) - t;
}
public PerformanceStatus Time()
{
m_thread.Start();
m_thread.Join();
return new PerformanceStatus(GC.CollectionCount(0) - m_collectionCount0, GC.CollectionCount(1) - m_collectionCount1, GC.CollectionCount(2) - m_collectionCount2, outThreadCycles);
}
private void PrepareForOperation()
{
GC.Collect();
GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
GC.Collect();
m_collectionCount0 = GC.CollectionCount(0);
m_collectionCount1 = GC.CollectionCount(1);
m_collectionCount2 = GC.CollectionCount(2);
}
}
public class PerformanceStatus
{
public Int32 GCCount1;
public Int32 GCCount2;
public Int32 GCCount3;
public UInt64 CPUCycles;
public PerformanceStatus(Int32 gc1, Int32 gc2, Int32 gc3, UInt64 cpuCycles)
{
this.GCCount1 = gc1;
this.GCCount2 = gc2;
this.GCCount3 = gc3;
this.CPUCycles = cpuCycles;
}
}
公共密封类周期时间
{
私有布尔m_trackingThreadTime;
私人保险箱手柄Mu手柄;
私有UInt64 m_开始周期;
私有CycleTime(布尔跟踪线程时间,SafeWaitHandle句柄)
{
m_trackingThreadTime=trackingThreadTime;
m_handle=手柄;
m_startCycleTime=m_trackingThreadTime?Thread():进程(m_句柄);
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
公共UInt64已用()
{
UInt64 now=m_trackingThreadTime?Thread(/*m_handle*/):进程(m_handle);
立即返回-m_startCycleTime;
}
公共静态CycleTime StartThread(SafeWaitHandle threadHandle)
{
返回新的CycleTime(true,threadHandle);
}
公共静态CycleTime StartProcess(SafeWaitHandle processHandle)
{
返回新的CycleTime(false,processHandle);
}
公共静态UInt64线程(IntPtr threadHandle)
{
UInt64周期时间;
如果(!QueryThreadCycleTime(threadHandle,out cycleTime))
抛出新的Win32Exception();
返回周期时间;
}
///
///检索指定线程的周期时间。
///
///标识要获取其周期时间的线程。
///线程的循环时间。
[CLSCompliant(false)]
公共静态UInt64线程(SafeWaitHandle threadHandle)
{
UInt64周期时间;
如果(!QueryThreadCycleTime(threadHandle,out cycleTime))
抛出新的Win32Exception();
返回周期时间;
}
[CLSCompliant(false)]
公共静态UInt64线程()
{
UInt64周期时间;
if(!QueryThreadCycleTime((IntPtr)(-2),out cycleTime))
抛出新的Win32Exception();
返回周期时间;
}
///
///检索指定进程的所有线程的周期时间之和。
///
///标识要获取其线程周期时间的进程。
///进程的周期时间。
[CLSCompliant(false)]
公共静态UInt64进程(SafeWaitHandle进程句柄)
{
UInt64周期时间;
if(!QueryProcessCycleTime(processHandle,out cycleTime))
抛出新的Win32Exception();
返回周期时间;
}
///
///检索系统中每个处理器的空闲线程的周期时间。
///
///每个空闲线程使用的CPU时钟周期数。
[CLSCompliant(false)]
公共静态UInt64[]IDleProcessor()
{
Int32字节计数=Environment.ProcessorCount;
UInt64[]周期时间=新UInt64[字节计数];
字节计数*=8;//UInt64的大小
if(!QueryIdleProcessorCycleTime(参考字节计数,Cycletime))
抛出新的Win32Exception();
返回周期;
}
[DllImport(“内核32”,ExactSpelling=true,SetLastError=true)]
[返回:Marshallas(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
私有静态外部布尔QueryThreadCycl