C# 无法在Ntier结构中创建EF数据库

我试图分离API和DataAccessLayer，但是我无法使用EF6代码优先的方法创建数据库

根据下面的结构和设置，将在localdb空间中创建数据库，但不会在我的计算机上的SQL Server Express实例中创建数据库。我遗漏了什么或做得不正确

项目结构：

API ( WebApi )
 - Controller
 - App.config ( from shared lib )
 - Web.config

DataAccessLayer ( Shared Library .NET Framework 461)
  - Models
  - DBContext
  - Migrations
  - web.config

Tests

原料药

Web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit
  https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301879
  -->
<configuration>

  <configSections>
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.6.1" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.1" />
  </system.web>
  <system.webServer>

    <modules>
      <remove name="TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule" />
      <add name="TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule" type="Microsoft.AspNet.TelemetryCorrelation.TelemetryCorrelationHttpModule, Microsoft.AspNet.TelemetryCorrelation" preCondition="integratedMode,managedHandler" />
    </modules>
    <handlers>
      <remove name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" />
      <remove name="OPTIONSVerbHandler" />
      <remove name="TRACEVerbHandler" />
      <add name="ExtensionlessUrlHandler-Integrated-4.0" path="*." verb="*" type="System.Web.Handlers.TransferRequestHandler" preCondition="integratedMode,runtimeVersionv4.0" />
    </handlers>
  </system.webServer>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Antlr3.Runtime" publicKeyToken="eb42632606e9261f" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.5.0.2" newVersion="3.5.0.2" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" publicKeyToken="cc7b13ffcd2ddd51" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-4.0.2.1" newVersion="4.0.2.1" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="Newtonsoft.Json" culture="neutral" publicKeyToken="30ad4fe6b2a6aeed" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-11.0.0.0" newVersion="11.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Optimization" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-1.1.0.0" newVersion="1.1.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="WebGrease" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-1.6.5135.21930" newVersion="1.6.5135.21930" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.4.0" newVersion="5.2.4.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
  <system.codedom>
    <compilers>
      <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
      <compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+" />
    </compilers>
  </system.codedom>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="mssqllocaldb" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

参考添加的DataAccessLayer.dll

控制器

 [HttpGet]
        public List<DataAccessLayer.Models.Customer> Get()
        {
            var model = new List<DataAccessLayer.Models.Customer>();
            using(var context = new DataAccessLayer.Models.DatabaseContext.CustomerTransactionContext())
            {
                model = context.Customers.ToList();
            }
            return model;
        }

[HttpGet]
公共列表Get（）
{
var模型=新列表（）；
使用（var context=new DataAccessLayer.Models.DatabaseContext.CustomerTransactionContext（））
{
model=context.Customers.ToList（）；
}
收益模型；
}

数据访问层

数据库上下文

 public class CustomerTransactionContext : DbContext
    {
        public CustomerTransactionContext() : base("CustomerTransactionContext")
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new CreateDatabaseIfNotExists<CustomerTransactionContext>());
        }

        public DbSet<Customer> Customers { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Transaction> Transactions { get; set; }
        public DbSet<CurrencyCode> CurrencyCodes { get; set; }
        public DbSet<TransactionStatus> TransactionStatuses { get; set; }

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();
        }
    }

公共类CustomerTransactionContext:DbContext { 公共CustomerTransactionContext（）：基（“CustomerTransactionContext”） { SetInitializer（新的CreateDatabaseIfNotExists（））； } 公共数据库集客户{get；set；} 公共数据库集事务{get；set；} 公共DbSet CurrencyCodes{get；set；} 公共数据库集事务状态{get；set；} 模型创建时受保护的覆盖无效（DbModelBuilder modelBuilder） { modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove（）； } } App.config-这是连接字符串部分

  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="CustomerTransactionContext"
       connectionString="Data Source=DESKTOP-6ERMBUH\SQLEXPRESS01;initial catalog=CustomerTransactionContext;Integrated Security=true"
       providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
  </connectionStrings>

迁移 配置

 internal sealed class Configuration : DbMigrationsConfiguration<Models.DatabaseContext.CustomerTransactionContext>
{
    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;
    }

    protected override void Seed(Models.DatabaseContext.CustomerTransactionContext context)
    {
        //  This method will be called after migrating to the latest version.

        //  You can use the DbSet<T>.AddOrUpdate() helper extension method 
        //  to avoid creating duplicate seed data.

        context.Customers.AddOrUpdate(c => c.CustomerID,
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Jonathan", MobileNo = 0123456789, CustomerID = 1 },
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Mary", MobileNo = 424356909, CustomerID = 2 },
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Ali", MobileNo = 612456749, CustomerID = 3 },
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Bob", MobileNo = 716356789, CustomerID = 4 },
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Lucy", MobileNo = 313453789, CustomerID = 5 },
           new Customer { ContactEmail = "", CustomerName = "Edwardo", MobileNo = 242346760, CustomerID = 6 }
           );

        context.TransactionStatuses.AddOrUpdate(ts => ts.TransactionStatusID,
            new TransactionStatus { Name = "Success", TransactionStatusID = 1 },
            new TransactionStatus { Name = "Failed", TransactionStatusID = 2 },
            new TransactionStatus { Name = "Canceled", TransactionStatusID = 3 });

        context.CurrencyCodes.AddOrUpdate(cc => cc.CurrencyCodeID,
           new CurrencyCode { Name = "USD", CurrencyCodeID = 1 },
           new CurrencyCode { Name = "JPY", CurrencyCodeID = 2 },
           new CurrencyCode { Name = "THB", CurrencyCodeID = 3 },
           new CurrencyCode { Name = "SGD", CurrencyCodeID = 4 });

        context.Transactions.AddOrUpdate(t => t.TransactionID,
        new Transaction { TransactionStatusID = 1, Amount = 29.99M, CurrencyCodeID = 1, TransactionDateTime = DateTime.Now, CustomerID = 1 },
        new Transaction { TransactionStatusID = 2, Amount = 9.99M, CurrencyCodeID = 3, TransactionDateTime = DateTime.Now, CustomerID = 1 },
        new Transaction { TransactionStatusID = 3, Amount = 1.32M, CurrencyCodeID = 1, TransactionDateTime = DateTime.Now, CustomerID = 1 },
        new Transaction { TransactionStatusID = 3, Amount = 1.32M, CurrencyCodeID = 1, TransactionDateTime = DateTime.Now, CustomerID = 1 },
        new Transaction { TransactionStatusID = 3, Amount = 1.32M, CurrencyCodeID = 1, TransactionDateTime = DateTime.Now, CustomerID = 1 });
    }
}

内部密封类配置：dbmigtorinsconfiguration
{
公共配置（）
{
AutomaticMiggerationsEnabled=真；
}
受保护的覆盖无效种子（Models.DatabaseContext.CustomerTransactionContext）
{
//迁移到最新版本后将调用此方法。
//您可以使用DbSet.AddOrUpdate（）助手扩展方法
//避免创建重复的种子数据。
context.Customers.AddOrUpdate（c=>c.CustomerID，
新客户{ContactEmail=”，CustomerName=“Jonathan”，MobileNo=0123456789，CustomerID=1}，
新客户{ContactEmail=”“，CustomerName=“Mary”，MobileNo=424356909，CustomerID=2}，
新客户{ContactEmail=”“，CustomerName=“Ali”，MobileNo=612456749，CustomerID=3}，
新客户{ContactEmail=”“，CustomerName=“Bob”，MobileNo=716356789，CustomerID=4}，
新客户{ContactEmail=”“，CustomerName=“Lucy”，MobileNo=313453789，CustomerID=5}，
新客户{ContactEmail=”“，CustomerName=“Edwardo”，MobileNo=242346760，CustomerID=6}
);
context.transactionstatus.AddOrUpdate（ts=>ts.TransactionStatusID，
新TransactionStatus{Name=“Success”，TransactionStatusID=1}，
新TransactionStatus{Name=“失败”，TransactionStatusID=2}，
新TransactionStatus{Name=“cancelled”，TransactionStatusID=3}）；
context.CurrencyCodes.AddOrUpdate（cc=>cc.CurrencyCodeID，
新的CurrencyCode{Name=“USD”，CurrencyCodeID=1}，
新的CurrencyCode{Name=“JPY”，CurrencyCodeID=2}，
新的CurrencyCode{Name=“THB”，CurrencyCodeID=3}，
新的CurrencyCode{Name=“SGD”，CurrencyCodeID=4}）；
context.Transactions.AddOrUpdate（t=>t.TransactionID，
新交易{TransactionStatusID=1，金额=2999万，CurrencyCodeID=1，TransactionDateTime=DateTime。现在，CustomerID=1}，
新交易{TransactionStatusID=2，金额=999万，CurrencyCodeID=3，TransactionDateTime=DateTime。现在，CustomerID=1}，
新交易{TransactionStatusID=3，金额=132万，CurrencyCodeID=1，TransactionDateTime=DateTime。现在，CustomerID=1}，
新交易{TransactionStatusID=3，金额=132万，CurrencyCodeID=1，TransactionDateTime=DateTime。现在，CustomerID=1}，
新交易{TransactionStatusID=3，金额=132万，CurrencyCodeID=1，TransactionDateTime=DateTime。现在，CustomerID=1}）；
}
}

查看

Web.config中的以下行：

<entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
        <parameters>
            <parameter value="mssqllocaldb" />
        </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
    <providers>
        <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
</entityFramework>



您的连接工厂设置为
mssqllocaldb
，这就是使用本地数据库创建数据库的原因。修复连接字符串以使用SQL实例名称，或者删除此代码以使
App.config
设置生效。
这是在dbcontext类中描述连接字符串的好方法，例如

protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
{
    if (!optionsBuilder.IsConfigured)
    {                
        optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(@"Server=Servername;Database=Dbname;User ID=sa;Password=1234qqqQ;TrustServerCertificate=True;Trusted_Connection=False;Connection Timeout=30;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;Encrypt=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;");
    }
}

这使您能够将迁移添加到datatabase中。其次，您的应用程序应该知道它将使用哪个数据库。在.net core中添加以下代码startup.cs

  var connection = @"Server=Servername;Database=Dbname;User ID=sa;Password=1234qqqQ;TrustServerCertificate=True;Trusted_Connection=False;Connection Timeout=30;Integrated Security=False;Persist Security Info=False;Encrypt=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;";
        services.AddDbContext<BeautyCenterContext>(options => options.UseSqlServer(connection)); 

var connection=@“Server=Servername；Database=Dbname；User ID=sa；Password=1234qqq；TrustServerCertificate=True；Trusted_connection=False；连接超时=30；Integrated Security=False；persistent Security Info=False；Encrypt=True；MultipleActiveResultSets=True；”；
services.AddDbContext（options=>options.UseSqlServer（connection））；

在pm中添加迁移时，不要忘记将默认项目更改为包含上下文类的项目。我希望这会有所帮助。
我确实喜欢这种方法，但我在扩展的DbContext中看不到这种方法，因为它