C# 等待第一个BackgroundWorker完成后再运行第二个Worker

我想为我的安装制作一份“清单”：

1st Create Table
2nd Add PrimaryKey
3rd Set AutoIncrement
4th InsertData

因此，我创建了4个BackgroundWorkers，因为每个步骤都使用加载动画：

[X] Create Table (Finished)
[...] Add Primary Key (In process)
[ ] Set AutoIncrement (Didn't loaded yet)
[ ] InsertData (didn't loaded yet)

问题是，代码不会等到第一个BackgroundWorker完成后再运行第二个BackgroundWorker

这是我目前拥有的代码：

if (result == MessageBoxResult.Yes)
{
    DialogHostLoading.IsOpen = true;
    if (worker.IsBusy)
        {
            worker.CancelAsync();
            worker.RunWorkerAsync();
            MessageBox.Show("IsBusy");
        }
        else
        {
            if(!isError)
            {
                #region CreateTable
                tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                worker.RunWorkerAsync("CreateTable");
                #endregion

                #region SetPrimaryKey
                setPrimaryKeyIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                setPrimaryKeyLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                worker.RunWorkerAsync("SetPrimaryKey");
                #endregion

                #region SetAutoIncrement
                setAutoIncrementIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                setAutoIncrementLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                worker.RunWorkerAsync("SetAutoIncrement");
                #endregion


                // Close Dialog if finished without Errors
                DialogHostLoading.IsOpen = false;
                MessageBox.Show("Import erfolgreich.");
            }
            else
            {
                if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessageString))
                {
                    MessageBox.Show(ErrorMessageString);
                    DialogHostLoading.IsOpen = false;
                    ErrorMessageString = string.Empty;
                }
                else
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine("isError = true BUT ErrorMessageString is null or empty");
                }

            }
        }

DoWork是SQL查询，现在是RunWorkerCompleted事件：

private void Worker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
{
    if(e.Result.GetType() == typeof(string))
    {
        Color redColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DDC31616");
        Color greenColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DD15992D");
        switch (e.Result)
        {
            case "CreateTable":
                if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessageString))
                {
                    tableIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(redColor);
                    tableIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CloseCircle;
                    tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                    tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                    isError = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    tableIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(greenColor);
                    tableIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CheckCircle;
                    tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                    tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                }
                break;
            case "SetPrimaryKey":
                if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ErrorMessageString))
                {
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(redColor);
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CloseCircle;
                    setPrimaryKeyLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                    isError = true;
                }
                else
                {
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(greenColor);
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CheckCircle;
                    setPrimaryKeyLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
                    setPrimaryKeyIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

我尝试的是使用另一个解决方案中的异步任务，该解决方案对我不起作用：

private readonly Task _CreateTable;
public MainWindow()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    _CreateTable = PerformCreateTableAsync();
}
private async Task PerformCreateTableAsync()
    {
        await Task.Run(() =>
        {
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
        });
    }

    private async void CreateTable()
    {
        Color redColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DDC31616");
        Color greenColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DD15992D");

        tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
        tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;

        await _CreateTable;

        tableIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(greenColor);
        tableIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CheckCircle;
        tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
        tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
    }

现在我通过以下方式调用

RunWorkerAsync

任务：

#region CreateTable
CreateTable();
#endregion

---

BackgroundWorker已经过时了。通过任务、

async/await

和

IProgress

界面，可以使用它的所有功能和更多功能。事实上，可组合性是BGW最大的弱点之一

使用async/await实际上比使用BGW容易得多。如果您想执行一个操作来响应一个按钮，点击一下，您可以写下：

private async Task CreateTableAsync(string tableName)
{
    //Execute SQL code that creates a table
    using(var connection=new SqlConnection(_connString)
    using(var cmd=new SqlCommand(connection,sql))
    {
        ....
        await cmd.ExecuteNonQueryAsync();
    }
}

private async void MyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
    Color redColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DDC31616");
    Color greenColor = (Color)ColorConverter.ConvertFromString("#DD15992D");

    tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
    tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;

    try 
    {
        await CreateTableAsync("SomeTableName");

        tableIcon.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(greenColor);
        tableIcon.Kind = MaterialDesignThemes.Wpf.PackIconKind.CheckCircle;
        tableIconLoading.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
        tableIcon.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
    }
    catch(Exception exc)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(exc.ToString(),"Ouch!");
    }
}

请注意，

async void

应仅用于事件处理程序。所有其他方法应返回

异步任务

或

异步任务

<代码>异步无效方法不能等待。它们本质上是“用火而忘却”的方法

如果要组合多个异步调用，只需逐个添加：

private async void MyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
    SetWorkingModeUI();
    try 
    {
        await CreateTableAsync("SomeTableName");
        await CreateTableAsync("OtherTableName");
        await CreateTableAsync("ThirdTableName");

        SetIdleModeUI();
    }
    catch(Exception exc)
    {
        SomeProperErrorHandlerAndLogger(exc);
    }
}

您甚至可以并行运行多个操作，并等待所有操作完成：

private async void MyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs args)
{
    SetWorkingModeUI();
    try 
    {
        var tasks = new[] {
                   AsyncCall1(),
                   AsyncCall2(),
                   AsyncCall3()
        };
        await Task.WhenAll(tasks);

        SetIdleModeUI();
    }
    catch(Exception exc)
    {
        SomeProperErrorHandlerAndLogger(exc);
    }
}

---

因此，请使用一名工作人员，并给它一个按顺序执行的事情（即代理）列表？我使用一名工作人员，并给他们一个参数yea。我应该创建4个工人吗？因为代码将比：/n大得多，它正在工作，但不会等到第一次RunWorkerAsync完成。我还尝试使用AutoResetEvent和

waitOne（）

，但这将冻结我的主线程并保持冻结状态。在oncomplete中，不要一开始调用run worker 4次，而是调用下一个..Tasks work。这是错误的代码-在任务中使用

async void

而不是async task，

Thread.Sleep

（为什么？）。当任务是单个异步操作时，使用全局任务。但是，除非您采取特殊的步骤，否则链接BGWs不会起作用。修复使用的代码tasks@PanagiotisKanavos

Thread.Sleep

只是检查代码是否工作，因为将运行的代码少于1秒^^^@BugFinder，所以你的意思是我应该在

RunWorkerCompleted事件中调用下一个BackgroundWorker

这意味着我必须创建4个BackgroundWorker？