C# 如何检查文件锁定？
有没有办法在不使用try/catch块的情况下检查文件是否被锁定C# 如何检查文件锁定？,c#,.net,io,filelock,C#,.net,Io,Filelock,有没有办法在不使用try/catch块的情况下检查文件是否被锁定 现在，我知道的唯一方法就是打开文件并捕获任何System.IO.IOException不，不幸的是，如果您仔细想想，这些信息将毫无价值，因为文件可能在下一秒就被锁定（读：short timespan） 为什么特别需要知道文件是否已锁定？知道这一点可能会给我们一些其他的方式给你好的建议 如果您的代码如下所示： if not locked then open and update file 然后在这两行之间，另一个进程可以很
现在，我知道的唯一方法就是打开文件并捕获任何
System.IO.IOExceptionif not locked then
open and update file
另一方面，IOException本身不够具体，以至于锁定是IO失败的原因。可能有一些原因不是暂时的。您可以先尝试自己读取或锁定文件，以查看文件是否被锁定
.您可以通过interop对感兴趣的文件区域进行调用。这不会引发异常，如果成功，您将对文件的该部分（由您的进程持有）拥有一个锁，该锁将一直保持到您调用或进程死亡 您可以使用.NET FileStream类方法Lock和Unlock，而不是使用互操作： FileStream.Lock 解除锁定
当我遇到类似问题时，我完成了以下代码：
public bool IsFileLocked(string filePath)
{
try
{
using (File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Open)){}
}
catch (IOException e)
{
var errorCode = Marshal.GetHRForException(e) & ((1 << 16) - 1);
return errorCode == 32 || errorCode == 33;
}
return false;
}
public bool IsFileLocked（字符串文件路径）
{
尝试
{
使用（File.Open（filePath，FileMode.Open））{}
}
捕获（IOE异常）
{
var errorCode=Marshal.GetHRForException（e）&（1您还可以检查是否有任何进程正在使用此文件，并显示必须关闭才能像安装程序一样继续的程序列表
public static string GetFileProcessName(string filePath)
{
Process[] procs = Process.GetProcesses();
string fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
foreach (Process proc in procs)
{
if (proc.MainWindowHandle != new IntPtr(0) && !proc.HasExited)
{
ProcessModule[] arr = new ProcessModule[proc.Modules.Count];
foreach (ProcessModule pm in proc.Modules)
{
if (pm.ModuleName == fileName)
return proc.ProcessName;
}
}
}
return null;
}
狄克逊优秀答案的变体（如上）
下面是DixonD代码的一个变体，它增加了等待文件解锁的秒数，然后重试：
public bool IsFileLocked(string filePath, int secondsToWait)
{
bool isLocked = true;
int i = 0;
while (isLocked && ((i < secondsToWait) || (secondsToWait == 0)))
{
try
{
using (File.Open(filePath, FileMode.Open)) { }
return false;
}
catch (IOException e)
{
var errorCode = Marshal.GetHRForException(e) & ((1 << 16) - 1);
isLocked = errorCode == 32 || errorCode == 33;
i++;
if (secondsToWait !=0)
new System.Threading.ManualResetEvent(false).WaitOne(1000);
}
}
return isLocked;
}
if (!IsFileLocked(file, 10))
{
...
}
else
{
throw new Exception(...);
}
public bool IsFileLocked（字符串文件路径，int secondsToWait）
{
bool isLocked=true；
int i=0；
而（isLocked&（（iinternal void LoadExternalData() {
FileStream file;
if (TryOpenRead("filepath/filename", 5, out file)) {
using (file)
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(file)) {
// do something
}
}
}
internal bool TryOpenRead(string path, int timeout, out FileStream file) {
bool isLocked = true;
bool condition = true;
do {
try {
file = File.OpenRead(path);
return true;
}
catch (IOException e) {
var errorCode = Marshal.GetHRForException(e) & ((1 << 16) - 1);
isLocked = errorCode == 32 || errorCode == 33;
condition = (isLocked && timeout > 0);
if (condition) {
// we only wait if the file is locked. If the exception is of any other type, there's no point on keep trying. just return false and null;
timeout--;
new System.Threading.ManualResetEvent(false).WaitOne(1000);
}
}
}
while (condition);
file = null;
return false;
}
内部无效加载外部数据（）{
文件流文件；
if（TryOpenRead（“文件路径/文件名”，5，输出文件））{
使用（文件）
使用（StreamReader=新StreamReader（文件））{
//做点什么
}
}
}
内部bool TryOpenRead（字符串路径、int超时、out FileStream文件）{
bool isLocked=true；
布尔条件=真；
做{
试一试{
file=file.OpenRead（路径）；
返回true；
}
捕获（IOE异常）{
var errorCode=Marshal.GetHRForException（e）和（10）；
如果（条件）{
//只有当文件被锁定时，我们才会等待。如果异常是任何其他类型的，那么继续尝试是没有意义的。只需返回false和null；
超时--；
新系统。线程。手动重置事件（错误）。WaitOne（1000）；
}
}
}
while（条件）；
file=null；
返回false；
}
其他答案依赖于旧信息。此答案提供了更好的解决方案。
很久以前，无法可靠地获取锁定文件的进程列表，因为Windows根本没有跟踪该信息。为了支持，现在跟踪该信息。重新启动管理器API从Windows Vista和Windows Server 2008（）开始提供
我将获取文件路径的代码放在一起，并返回锁定该文件的所有进程的列表
static public class FileUtil
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS
{
public int dwProcessId;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime;
}
const int RmRebootReasonNone = 0;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME = 255;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME = 63;
enum RM_APP_TYPE
{
RmUnknownApp = 0,
RmMainWindow = 1,
RmOtherWindow = 2,
RmService = 3,
RmExplorer = 4,
RmConsole = 5,
RmCritical = 1000
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct RM_PROCESS_INFO
{
public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME + 1)]
public string strAppName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME + 1)]
public string strServiceShortName;
public RM_APP_TYPE ApplicationType;
public uint AppStatus;
public uint TSSessionId;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool bRestartable;
}
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern int RmRegisterResources(uint pSessionHandle,
UInt32 nFiles,
string[] rgsFilenames,
UInt32 nApplications,
[In] RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS[] rgApplications,
UInt32 nServices,
string[] rgsServiceNames);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern int RmStartSession(out uint pSessionHandle, int dwSessionFlags, string strSessionKey);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmEndSession(uint pSessionHandle);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmGetList(uint dwSessionHandle,
out uint pnProcInfoNeeded,
ref uint pnProcInfo,
[In, Out] RM_PROCESS_INFO[] rgAffectedApps,
ref uint lpdwRebootReasons);
/// <summary>
/// Find out what process(es) have a lock on the specified file.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">Path of the file.</param>
/// <returns>Processes locking the file</returns>
/// <remarks>See also:
/// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373661(v=vs.85).aspx
/// http://wyupdate.googlecode.com/svn-history/r401/trunk/frmFilesInUse.cs (no copyright in code at time of viewing)
///
/// </remarks>
static public List<Process> WhoIsLocking(string path)
{
uint handle;
string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
List<Process> processes = new List<Process>();
int res = RmStartSession(out handle, 0, key);
if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not begin restart session. Unable to determine file locker.");
try
{
const int ERROR_MORE_DATA = 234;
uint pnProcInfoNeeded = 0,
pnProcInfo = 0,
lpdwRebootReasons = RmRebootReasonNone;
string[] resources = new string[] { path }; // Just checking on one resource.
res = RmRegisterResources(handle, (uint)resources.Length, resources, 0, null, 0, null);
if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not register resource.");
//Note: there's a race condition here -- the first call to RmGetList() returns
// the total number of process. However, when we call RmGetList() again to get
// the actual processes this number may have increased.
res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, null, ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if (res == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
{
// Create an array to store the process results
RM_PROCESS_INFO[] processInfo = new RM_PROCESS_INFO[pnProcInfoNeeded];
pnProcInfo = pnProcInfoNeeded;
// Get the list
res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, processInfo, ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if (res == 0)
{
processes = new List<Process>((int)pnProcInfo);
// Enumerate all of the results and add them to the
// list to be returned
for (int i = 0; i < pnProcInfo; i++)
{
try
{
processes.Add(Process.GetProcessById(processInfo[i].Process.dwProcessId));
}
// catch the error -- in case the process is no longer running
catch (ArgumentException) { }
}
}
else
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource.");
}
else if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource. Failed to get size of result.");
}
finally
{
RmEndSession(handle);
}
return processes;
}
}
静态公共类FileUtil
{
[StructLayout（LayoutKind.Sequential）]
结构RM\u唯一\u进程
{
公共int-dwProcessId；
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime；
}
常数int rmrebootreasonone=0；
const int CCH\u RM\u MAX\u APP\u NAME=255；
const int CCH\U RM\U MAX\U SVC\U NAME=63；
枚举RM_应用程序_类型
{
RmUnknownApp=0，
RmMainWindow=1，
RmOtherWindow=2，
RmService=3，
RmExplorer=4，
RmConsole=5，
RmCritical=1000
}
[StructLayout（LayoutKind.Sequential，CharSet=CharSet.Unicode）]
结构RM\u流程\u信息
{
公共RM_唯一的流程；
[Marshallas（UnmanagedType.ByValTStr，SizeConst=CCH\u RM\u MAX\u APP\u NAME+1）]
公共字符串名称；
[Marshallas（UnmanagedType.ByValTStr，SizeConst=CCH\u RM\u MAX\u SVC\u NAME+1）]
公共字符串strServiceShortName；
公共RM_应用程序类型应用程序类型；
公共应用状态；
公共uint TSSessionId；
[Marshallas（UnmanagedType.Bool）]
公共布尔布尔表；
}
[DllImport（“rstrtmgr.dll”，CharSet=CharSet.Unicode）]
静态外部内部RmRegisterResources（uint pSessionHandle，
UInt32文件，
字符串[]rgsFilenames，
UInt32应用程序，
[在]RM_唯一_流程[]RGA应用程序中，
UInt32 N服务，
字符串[]rgsServiceNames）；
[Dll
internal void LoadExternalData() {
FileStream file;
if (TryOpenRead("filepath/filename", 5, out file)) {
using (file)
using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(file)) {
// do something
}
}
}
internal bool TryOpenRead(string path, int timeout, out FileStream file) {
bool isLocked = true;
bool condition = true;
do {
try {
file = File.OpenRead(path);
return true;
}
catch (IOException e) {
var errorCode = Marshal.GetHRForException(e) & ((1 << 16) - 1);
isLocked = errorCode == 32 || errorCode == 33;
condition = (isLocked && timeout > 0);
if (condition) {
// we only wait if the file is locked. If the exception is of any other type, there's no point on keep trying. just return false and null;
timeout--;
new System.Threading.ManualResetEvent(false).WaitOne(1000);
}
}
}
while (condition);
file = null;
return false;
}
static public class FileUtil
{
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
struct RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS
{
public int dwProcessId;
public System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes.FILETIME ProcessStartTime;
}
const int RmRebootReasonNone = 0;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME = 255;
const int CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME = 63;
enum RM_APP_TYPE
{
RmUnknownApp = 0,
RmMainWindow = 1,
RmOtherWindow = 2,
RmService = 3,
RmExplorer = 4,
RmConsole = 5,
RmCritical = 1000
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct RM_PROCESS_INFO
{
public RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS Process;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_APP_NAME + 1)]
public string strAppName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = CCH_RM_MAX_SVC_NAME + 1)]
public string strServiceShortName;
public RM_APP_TYPE ApplicationType;
public uint AppStatus;
public uint TSSessionId;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool bRestartable;
}
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
static extern int RmRegisterResources(uint pSessionHandle,
UInt32 nFiles,
string[] rgsFilenames,
UInt32 nApplications,
[In] RM_UNIQUE_PROCESS[] rgApplications,
UInt32 nServices,
string[] rgsServiceNames);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern int RmStartSession(out uint pSessionHandle, int dwSessionFlags, string strSessionKey);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmEndSession(uint pSessionHandle);
[DllImport("rstrtmgr.dll")]
static extern int RmGetList(uint dwSessionHandle,
out uint pnProcInfoNeeded,
ref uint pnProcInfo,
[In, Out] RM_PROCESS_INFO[] rgAffectedApps,
ref uint lpdwRebootReasons);
/// <summary>
/// Find out what process(es) have a lock on the specified file.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">Path of the file.</param>
/// <returns>Processes locking the file</returns>
/// <remarks>See also:
/// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa373661(v=vs.85).aspx
/// http://wyupdate.googlecode.com/svn-history/r401/trunk/frmFilesInUse.cs (no copyright in code at time of viewing)
///
/// </remarks>
static public List<Process> WhoIsLocking(string path)
{
uint handle;
string key = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
List<Process> processes = new List<Process>();
int res = RmStartSession(out handle, 0, key);
if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not begin restart session. Unable to determine file locker.");
try
{
const int ERROR_MORE_DATA = 234;
uint pnProcInfoNeeded = 0,
pnProcInfo = 0,
lpdwRebootReasons = RmRebootReasonNone;
string[] resources = new string[] { path }; // Just checking on one resource.
res = RmRegisterResources(handle, (uint)resources.Length, resources, 0, null, 0, null);
if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not register resource.");
//Note: there's a race condition here -- the first call to RmGetList() returns
// the total number of process. However, when we call RmGetList() again to get
// the actual processes this number may have increased.
res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, null, ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if (res == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
{
// Create an array to store the process results
RM_PROCESS_INFO[] processInfo = new RM_PROCESS_INFO[pnProcInfoNeeded];
pnProcInfo = pnProcInfoNeeded;
// Get the list
res = RmGetList(handle, out pnProcInfoNeeded, ref pnProcInfo, processInfo, ref lpdwRebootReasons);
if (res == 0)
{
processes = new List<Process>((int)pnProcInfo);
// Enumerate all of the results and add them to the
// list to be returned
for (int i = 0; i < pnProcInfo; i++)
{
try
{
processes.Add(Process.GetProcessById(processInfo[i].Process.dwProcessId));
}
// catch the error -- in case the process is no longer running
catch (ArgumentException) { }
}
}
else
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource.");
}
else if (res != 0)
throw new Exception("Could not list processes locking resource. Failed to get size of result.");
}
finally
{
RmEndSession(handle);
}
return processes;
}
}
function Test-FileOpen
{
Param
([string]$FileToOpen)
try
{
$openFile =([system.io.file]::Open($FileToOpen,[system.io.filemode]::Open))
$open =$true
$openFile.close()
}
catch
{
$open = $false
}
$open
}