如何使用HTTP POST从C#调用Web服务

我想编写一个c#类，该类将创建到运行到www.temp.com的Web服务的连接，向DoSomething方法发送2个字符串参数并获得字符串结果。 我不想使用wsdl。因为我知道Web服务的参数，所以我只想打个简单的电话

我想在.Net 2中应该有一种简单易行的方法，但我找不到任何示例…

如果这个“Web服务”是一个简单的HTTP GET，您可以使用：

从那里可以查看输出。你也可以用同样的方法打邮局

---

然而，如果这是一个SOAP Web服务，那么就不那么容易了。根据webservice的安全性和选项，有时您可以接受已形成的请求并将其用作模板-替换参数值并发送它（使用webrequest），然后手动解析SOAP响应。。。但是，在这种情况下，您需要做大量额外的工作，也可以使用

wsdl.exe

来生成代理。

我将探讨如何在web服务中使用ASP.NET MVC。您可以通过标准表单参数提供参数，并将结果作为JSON返回

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult MyPostAction( string foo, string bar )
{
     ...
     return Json( new { Value = "baz" } );
}

在客户端中，使用HttpWebRequest

var request = WebRequest.Create( "/controller/mypostaction" );
request.Method = "POST";
var data = string.Format( "foo={0}&bar={1}", foo, bar );
using (var writer = new StreamWriter( request.GetRequestStream() ))
{
    writer.WriteLine( data );
}
var response = request.GetResponse();
var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(PostActionResult));
var result = serializer.ReadObject( response.GetResponseStream() )
                 as PostActionResult;

你在哪里

public class PostActionResult
{
     public string Value { get; set; }
}

---

另一种调用POST方法的方法是，我在WebAPI中调用POST方法

            WebClient wc = new WebClient();

            string result;
            wc.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
            result = wc.UploadString("http://localhost:23369/MyController/PostMethodName/Param 1/Param 2","");

            Response.Write(result);

---

您可以使用Newtonsoft.Json返回列表对象：

WebClient wc = new WebClient();
  string result;
  wc.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
  var data = string.Format("Value1={0}&Value2={1}&Value3={2}", "param1", "param2", "param3");
  result = wc.UploadString("http:your_services", data);
  var ser = new JavaScriptSerializer();
  var people = ser.Deserialize<object_your[]>(result);

WebClient wc=新的WebClient（）；
字符串结果；
wc.Headers[HttpRequestHeader.ContentType]=“application/x-www-form-urlencoded”；
var data=string.Format（“Value1={0}&Value2={1}&Value3={2}”、“param1”、“param2”、“param3”）；
result=wc.UploadString（“http:your_services”，data）；
var ser=新的JavaScriptSerializer（）；
var people=ser.反序列化（结果）；

这是一种静态方法，可以调用任何没有凭据的服务

    /// <summary>
    ///     Connect to service without credentials
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="url">string url</param>
    /// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
    /// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
    /// <param name="body">request body</param>
    /// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
    /// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
                                                      string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
                                                      string parameters = null)
    {
        try
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            string tokenEndpoint = url;
            StringContent stringContent;
            string result = string.Empty;

            switch (requestType)
            {
                case RequestType.Get:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Post:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Put:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Delete:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                default:
                    break;
            }

            JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
            var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;

            return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
        }
        catch (NullReferenceException)
        {
            return null;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception($"{model} - Requisição inválida. Detalhes: {e.Message ?? e.InnerException.Message}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Connect to service with credentials
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="url">string url</param>
    /// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
    /// <param name="handler">credentials</param>
    /// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
    /// <param name="body">request body</param>
    /// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
    /// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, HttpClientHandler handler, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
                                                      string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
                                                      string parameters = null)
    {
        try
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler);
            string tokenEndpoint = url;
            StringContent stringContent;
            string result = string.Empty;

            switch (requestType)
            {
                case RequestType.Get:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Post:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Put:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Delete:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                default:
                    break;
            }

            JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
            var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;

            return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
        }
        catch (NullReferenceException)
        {
            return null;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception($"{model} - Invalid request. {e.Message.Split(',')[0] ?? e.InnerException.Message.Split(',')[0]}");
        }
    }

//
///连接到没有凭据的服务
/// 
///字符串url
///请求类型
///预期成功目标结果
///预期的错误对象结果
///预期错误对象描述
///请求主体
///体型
///请求参数
/// 
公共静态对象ConnectToService（字符串url、字符串模型、RequestType RequestType、字符串objectResult、字符串objectErrorResult、，
string objectErrorResultDescription，string body=null，string bodyType=null，
字符串参数=null）
{
尝试
{
HttpClient=新的HttpClient（）；
字符串tokenpoint=url；
字符串内容字符串内容；
字符串结果=string.Empty；
开关（请求类型）
{
案例请求类型。获取：
{
var returnRequest=client.GetAsync（tokenEndpoint）.Result；
结果=returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync（）.result；
打破
}
案例请求类型。发布：
{
stringContent=新的stringContent（body，Encoding.UTF8，bodyType）；
var returnRequest=client.PostAsync（tokenEndpoint，stringContent）.Result；
结果=returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync（）.result；
打破
}
案例请求类型。放置：
{
stringContent=新的stringContent（body，Encoding.UTF8，bodyType）；
var returnRequest=client.PutAsync（tokenEndpoint，stringContent）.Result；
结果=returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync（）.result；
打破
}
案例请求类型。删除：
{
var returnRequest=client.DeleteAsync（tokenEndpoint）.Result；
结果=returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync（）.result；
打破
}
违约：
打破
}
JObject JObject=！string.IsNullOrEmpty（结果）？JObject.Parse（结果）：null；
var obj=jobject！=null？（jobject[objectResult]？.ToList（）？.Count>0？jobject[objectResult]？.ToList（）：null）：null；
return（obj==null&&jobject？.ToString（）==null&&jobject[objectResult]？.ToString（）==null）？抛出新异常（$“{jobject[objectErrorResult]？.ToString（）}-{jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]？.ToString（）”）？（新的{Error=new{Code=400，消息=$“{model}-Requisi o inv lida.}）。ToString（））：（j？？（object[objectResult]？.ToString（））==null？jobject:（ObjectJ？？？（object）jobject[objectResult]？.ToString（））；
}
捕获（NullReferenceException）
{
返回null；
}
捕获（例外e）
{
抛出新异常（$“{model}-Requisição inválida.Detalhes:{e.Message？？e.InnerException.Message}”）；
}
}

---

这是一个使用凭据调用任何服务的静态方法

    /// <summary>
    ///     Connect to service without credentials
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="url">string url</param>
    /// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
    /// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
    /// <param name="body">request body</param>
    /// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
    /// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
                                                      string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
                                                      string parameters = null)
    {
        try
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
            string tokenEndpoint = url;
            StringContent stringContent;
            string result = string.Empty;

            switch (requestType)
            {
                case RequestType.Get:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Post:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Put:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Delete:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                default:
                    break;
            }

            JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
            var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;

            return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
        }
        catch (NullReferenceException)
        {
            return null;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception($"{model} - Requisição inválida. Detalhes: {e.Message ?? e.InnerException.Message}");
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    ///     Connect to service with credentials
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="url">string url</param>
    /// <param name="requestType">type of request</param>
    /// <param name="handler">credentials</param>
    /// <param name="objectResult">expected success object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResult">expected error object result</param>
    /// <param name="objectErrorResultDescription">expected error object description</param>
    /// <param name="body">request body</param>
    /// <param name="bodyType">type of body</param>
    /// <param name="parameters">parameters of request</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static object ConnectToService(string url, string model, RequestType requestType, HttpClientHandler handler, string objectResult, string objectErrorResult,
                                                      string objectErrorResultDescription, string body = null, string bodyType = null,
                                                      string parameters = null)
    {
        try
        {
            HttpClient client = new HttpClient(handler);
            string tokenEndpoint = url;
            StringContent stringContent;
            string result = string.Empty;

            switch (requestType)
            {
                case RequestType.Get:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.GetAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Post:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PostAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Put:
                    {
                        stringContent = new StringContent(body, Encoding.UTF8, bodyType);

                        var returnRequest = client.PutAsync(tokenEndpoint, stringContent).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                case RequestType.Delete:
                    {
                        var returnRequest = client.DeleteAsync(tokenEndpoint).Result;
                        result = returnRequest.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().Result;

                        break;
                    }
                default:
                    break;
            }

            JObject jobject = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(result) ? JObject.Parse(result) : null;
            var obj = jobject != null ? (jobject[objectResult]?.ToList()?.Count > 0 ? jobject[objectResult]?.ToList() : null) : null;

            return (obj == null && jobject?.ToString() == null && jobject[objectResult]?.ToString() == null) ? throw new Exception(($"{jobject[objectErrorResult]?.ToString()} - {jobject[objectErrorResultDescription]?.ToString()}") ?? (new { Error = new { Code = 400, Message = $"{model} - Requisição inválida." } }).ToString()) : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString()) == null ? jobject : (obj ?? (object)jobject[objectResult]?.ToString());
        }
        catch (NullReferenceException)
        {
            return null;
        }
        catch (Exception e)
        {
            throw new Exception($"{model} - Invalid request. {e.Message.Split(',')[0] ?? e.InnerException.Message.Split(',')[0]}");
        }
    }

//
///使用凭据连接到服务
/// 
///字符串url
///请求类型
///证书
///预期成功目标结果
///预期的错误对象结果
///预期错误对象描述
///请求主体
///体型
///请求参数
/// 
公共静态对象ConnectToService（字符串url、字符串模型、RequestType RequestType、HttpClientHandler处理程序、字符串objectResult、字符串objectErrorResult、，
string objectErrorResultDescription，string body=null，string bodyType=null，
字符串参数=null）
{
尝试
{
HttpClient=新的HttpClient（处理程序）；
字符串标记ENDPO