C# 有没有办法告诉路由我的默认操作名等于HTTP操作动词？

我已经浏览了MSDN，没有找到答案

考虑到我的路线定义如下：

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithActionAndID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            action = @"[a-zA-Z]+",
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithoutActionOrId",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}",
        defaults: null,
    );

public class ItemController:ApiController{
    [HttpGet]
    public Item Get(int id){}

    [HttpGet]
    public Item GetSomething(int id){}

    [HttpPut]
    public Item Put(Item newItem){}
}

public class AnotherController:ApiController{
    [HttpPut]
    public HttpResponseMessage Put(Something item){}
}

GET /api/Item/344
GET /api/Item?id=344
GET /api/Item/Something/2334
GET /api/Item/Something?id=2334
PUT /api/Item     body={newItem}
PUT /api/Another  body={newSomething}

现在我有两个控制器，如下所示：

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithActionAndID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            action = @"[a-zA-Z]+",
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithoutActionOrId",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}",
        defaults: null,
    );

public class ItemController:ApiController{
    [HttpGet]
    public Item Get(int id){}

    [HttpGet]
    public Item GetSomething(int id){}

    [HttpPut]
    public Item Put(Item newItem){}
}

public class AnotherController:ApiController{
    [HttpPut]
    public HttpResponseMessage Put(Something item){}
}

GET /api/Item/344
GET /api/Item?id=344
GET /api/Item/Something/2334
GET /api/Item/Something?id=2334
PUT /api/Item     body={newItem}
PUT /api/Another  body={newSomething}

我希望能够像这样调用所有这些端点：

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithActionAndID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            action = @"[a-zA-Z]+",
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: null,
        constraints: new {
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithoutActionOrId",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}",
        defaults: null,
    );

public class ItemController:ApiController{
    [HttpGet]
    public Item Get(int id){}

    [HttpGet]
    public Item GetSomething(int id){}

    [HttpPut]
    public Item Put(Item newItem){}
}

public class AnotherController:ApiController{
    [HttpPut]
    public HttpResponseMessage Put(Something item){}
}

GET /api/Item/344
GET /api/Item?id=344
GET /api/Item/Something/2334
GET /api/Item/Something?id=2334
PUT /api/Item     body={newItem}
PUT /api/Another  body={newSomething}

这将起作用，但仅当我添加“Get”作为默认操作名称时。如果我没有在路由中指定默认操作名称，那么它会抱怨有多个匹配的操作名称。如果我添加了默认的操作名，那么我将无法在没有错误的情况下调用PUT（）方法，因为操作名与默认名称不匹配，并且找不到

    // Will work in some cases, but not all
    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "v{version}/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: new {
            action="Get",
            id=RouteParameters.Optional
        },
        constraints: new {
            id = @"\d+"
        }
    );

    // Works
GET /api/Item/344
GET /api/Item?id=344
GET /api/Item/Something/2334
GET /api/Item/Something?id=2334

// Doesn't work
PUT /api/Item     body={newItem}
PUT /api/Another  body={newSomething}

---

我如何告诉Routing使用与我的HTTP谓词名称匹配的操作（如果在尝试按我的方式使用之前存在），您需要以下设置：

一,

二,

并按照如下方式装饰“GetSomething”方法：

[ActionName("Something")]
public Item GetSomething(int id){}

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultWithActionAndID",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional },
            constraints: new {action = @"[a-zA-Z]+", id = @"\d*" }
            );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: new { action = "GET", id = RouteParameter.Optional },
        constraints: new { id = @"\d*", httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(new string[] { "GET" }) }
        );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithoutActionOrId",
        routeTemplate: "api/{controller}",
        defaults: new { action = "PUT" },
        constraints: new { httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(new string[] { "PUT" }) }
        );

三,

我不完全确定这些-您是否尝试过在上面的路由中添加默认路由：

defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }

四,

如果应用#3，我希望

PUT

能够正常工作

---

如果有任何变化，请告诉我。

如果您按照以下方式定义路线：

[ActionName("Something")]
public Item GetSomething(int id){}

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultWithActionAndID",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional },
            constraints: new {action = @"[a-zA-Z]+", id = @"\d*" }
            );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithID",
        routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
        defaults: new { action = "GET", id = RouteParameter.Optional },
        constraints: new { id = @"\d*", httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(new string[] { "GET" }) }
        );

    config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
        name: "DefaultWithoutActionOrId",
        routeTemplate: "api/{controller}",
        defaults: new { action = "PUT" },
        constraints: new { httpMethod = new HttpMethodConstraint(new string[] { "PUT" }) }
        );

并将

ActionName

属性放置在GetSomething方法上，如下所示：

[ActionName("Something")]
public Item GetSomething(int id){}

---

然后，您应该能够访问上面提到的所有端点。

请包含“如果我添加了默认操作名称…”的代码。为什么不将

某物

放在另一个控制器中？更新了问题，提供了失败案例的更多详细信息。问题似乎在于路由没有额外的优先级（寻找与HTTP谓词或

{Verb}{controller}

模式匹配的方法名，就像MVC一样）。实际上，一个

{verb}

标记将是一个不错的添加。这里的问题是（就像在链接文档中一样），如果您有一个不包含

{action}

的路由，然后WebApi路由使用匹配的基本参数类型和/或任何复杂参数尝试控制器中的所有公共方法。@EricFalsken-我现在明白你的意思了。我认为一个解决办法是对路由

v{version}/{controller}/{action}/{id}

的

action

施加约束，这样只允许

Something

：

constraints=new{action=“Something”}

。但是额外的规则和（我之前不知道的）HTTPMethodConstrain并没有让我走上正确的方向。