C# 使用第三方对象实例化测试代码
对于单元测试来说是个新手,我尝试着对一段代码进行一些简单的测试,如果它不存在的话,我会获取或创建一个模板(在Umbraco 8中) 该方法非常简单,当调用Initialise时,它将获取模板,如果模板不存在,则创建模板:C# 使用第三方对象实例化测试代码,c#,unit-testing,nunit,moq,umbraco,C#,Unit Testing,Nunit,Moq,Umbraco,对于单元测试来说是个新手,我尝试着对一段代码进行一些简单的测试,如果它不存在的话,我会获取或创建一个模板(在Umbraco 8中) 该方法非常简单,当调用Initialise时,它将获取模板,如果模板不存在,则创建模板: using Umbraco.Core.Composing; using Umbraco.Core.Models; using Umbraco.Core.Services; namespace Papermoon.Umbraco.Aldus.Core.Components {
using Umbraco.Core.Composing;
using Umbraco.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Core.Services;
namespace Papermoon.Umbraco.Aldus.Core.Components
{
public class TemplateComponent : IComponent
{
private readonly IFileService _fileService;
public TemplateComponent(IFileService fileService)
{
_fileService = fileService;
}
public void Initialize()
{
ITemplate blogTemplate = _fileService.GetTemplate("aldusBlog");
if (blogTemplate == null)
{
blogTemplate = new Template("Aldus Blog", "aldusBlog");
_fileService.SaveTemplate(blogTemplate);
}
}
public void Terminate() { }
}
}
行,没问题
我正在尝试编写一些测试,首先检查是否调用了\u fileService.GetTemplate
第二个测试应该检查是否调用了\u fileService.SaveTemplate()
,如果它返回null
using Moq;
using NUnit.Framework;
using Papermoon.Umbraco.Aldus.Core.Components;
using Umbraco.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Core.Services;
namespace Papermoon.Umbraco.Aldus.Core.Tests.Components
{
[TestFixture]
public class TemplateComponentTests
{
private Mock<IFileService> _fileService;
private TemplateComponent _component;
[SetUp]
public void SetUp()
{
_fileService = new Mock<IFileService>();
_component = new TemplateComponent(_fileService.Object);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_WhenCalled_GetsBlogTemplate()
{
_component.Initialize();
_fileService.Verify(s => s.GetTemplate("aldusBlog"), Times.Once);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_BlogTemplateDoesNotExist_CreateTemplate()
{
_fileService
.Setup(s => s.GetTemplate("aldusBlog"))
.Returns((ITemplate) null);
_component.Initialize();
_fileService.Verify(s => s.SaveTemplate(It.Is<ITemplate>(p => p.Alias == "aldusBlog"), -1), Times.Once());
}
}
}
我假设这是因为我没有任何上下文导致我认为需要模拟ITemplate
。然而,因为新模板(“Aldus博客”,“Aldus博客”)代码>将始终被调用,它将始终抛出此错误
显然,代码不是防弹的,那么我如何重构它以使其可测试?第三方类可能与不存在的实现问题紧密耦合,或者在单独进行单元测试时未进行配置
将创建的对象抽象到工厂中
public interface ITemplateFactory {
ITemplate Create(string name, string alias);
}
谁的实现可以在运行时注入
public class DefaultTemplateFactory : ITemplateFactory {
public ITemplate Create(string name, string alias) {
return new Template(name, alias);
}
}
前提是它在启动期间在合成根目录下注册
这现在允许组件松散耦合,远离实现问题
public class TemplateComponent : IComponent {
private readonly IFileService fileService;
private readonly ITemplateFactory templateFactory;
public TemplateComponent(IFileService fileService, ITemplateFactory templateFactory) {
this.fileService = fileService;
this.templateFactory = templateFactory;
}
public void Initialize() {
ITemplate blogTemplate = fileService.GetTemplate("aldusBlog");
if (blogTemplate == null) {
blogTemplate = templateFactory.Create("Aldus Blog", "aldusBlog");
fileService.SaveTemplate(blogTemplate);
}
}
public void Terminate() { }
}
隔离测试时,可根据需要更换
[TestFixture]
public class TemplateComponentTests {
private Mock<IFileService> fileService;
private Mock<ITemplateFactory> templateFactory;
private TemplateComponent component;
string templateAlias = "aldusBlog";
[SetUp]
public void SetUp() {
//Arrange
fileService = new Mock<IFileService>();
templateFactory = new Mock<ITemplateFactory>();
templateFactory.Setup(_ => _.Create(It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>()))
.Returns((string name, string alias) =>
Mock.Of<ITemplate>(_ => _.Alias == alias && _.Name == name)
);
component = new TemplateComponent(fileService.Object, templateFactory.Object);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_WhenCalled_GetsBlogTemplate() {
//Act
component.Initialize();
//Assert
fileService.Verify(s => s.GetTemplate(templateAlias), Times.Once);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_BlogTemplateDoesNotExist_CreateTemplate() {
//Act
component.Initialize();
//Assert
fileService.Verify(s => s.SaveTemplate(It.Is<ITemplate>(p => p.Alias == templateAlias), 0), Times.Once());
}
}
[TestFixture]
公共类TemplateComponentTests{
私有模拟文件服务;
私营模拟样板厂;
私有模板组件;
字符串templateAlias=“aldusBlog”;
[设置]
公共作废设置(){
//安排
fileService=newmock();
templateFactory=new Mock();
templateFactory.Setup(=>wk.Create(It.IsAny(),It.IsAny()))
.Returns((字符串名称、字符串别名)=>
Mock.Of(=>u.Alias==别名&&&u.Name==名称)
);
component=新的TemplateComponent(fileService.Object,templateFactory.Object);
}
[测试]
public void初始化\u调用时\u GetsBlogTemplate(){
//表演
初始化();
//断言
验证(s=>s.GetTemplate(templateAlias),Times.Once);
}
[测试]
public void Initialise_blogtemplatedoesnotextist_CreateTemplate(){
//表演
初始化();
//断言
验证(s=>s.SaveTemplate(It.Is(p=>p.Alias==templateAlias),0),Times.Once();
}
}
第三方类可能与一个实现问题紧密耦合,而当单独进行单元测试时,该问题并不存在。将创建的对象抽象到工厂中。
[TestFixture]
public class TemplateComponentTests {
private Mock<IFileService> fileService;
private Mock<ITemplateFactory> templateFactory;
private TemplateComponent component;
string templateAlias = "aldusBlog";
[SetUp]
public void SetUp() {
//Arrange
fileService = new Mock<IFileService>();
templateFactory = new Mock<ITemplateFactory>();
templateFactory.Setup(_ => _.Create(It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>()))
.Returns((string name, string alias) =>
Mock.Of<ITemplate>(_ => _.Alias == alias && _.Name == name)
);
component = new TemplateComponent(fileService.Object, templateFactory.Object);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_WhenCalled_GetsBlogTemplate() {
//Act
component.Initialize();
//Assert
fileService.Verify(s => s.GetTemplate(templateAlias), Times.Once);
}
[Test]
public void Initialise_BlogTemplateDoesNotExist_CreateTemplate() {
//Act
component.Initialize();
//Assert
fileService.Verify(s => s.SaveTemplate(It.Is<ITemplate>(p => p.Alias == templateAlias), 0), Times.Once());
}
}