Database 从数据库行在Golang中创建地图

基本上，在执行查询之后，我希望获取结果行并生成一个

[]映射[string]接口{}

，但是我不知道如何使用API来实现这一点，因为

rows.Scan（）

函数需要特定数量的参数来匹配请求的列数（可能还有类型）以正确获取数据

同样，我想概括这个调用，并接受任何查询，并将其转换为

[]映射[string]接口{}

，其中映射包含映射到该行值的列名

这可能非常低效，我计划稍后更改结构，以便

interface{}

是单个数据点的结构

如果只使用database/sql包，或者必要时使用database/sql/driver包，我将如何做到这一点？

我还没有使用过它，但我相信实现您的要求（或多或少）的“常用”方法是使用。

看看使用，它比标准数据库/sql库更容易做到这一点：

places := []Place{}
err := db.Select(&places, "SELECT * FROM place ORDER BY telcode ASC")
if err != nil {
    fmt.Printf(err)
    return
}

---

显然，您可以用

[]map[string]接口{}

替换

[]Place{}

，但是如果您知道数据库的结构，最好使用struct。您不需要像在

接口{}

上那样进行任何类型断言，您可以创建一个结构来维护[]接口{}切片位置的映射键。通过这样做，您不需要创建预定义的结构。例如：

IDOrder: 0
IsClose: 1
IsConfirm: 2
IDUser: 3

那么，您可以这样使用它：

  // create a fieldbinding object.
  var fArr []string
  fb := fieldbinding.NewFieldBinding()

  if fArr, err = rs.Columns(); err != nil {
    return nil, err
  }

  fb.PutFields(fArr)

  //
  outArr := []interface{}{}

  for rs.Next() {
    if err := rs.Scan(fb.GetFieldPtrArr()...); err != nil {
      return nil, err
    }

    fmt.Printf("Row: %v, %v, %v, %s\n", fb.Get("IDOrder"), fb.Get("IsConfirm"), fb.Get("IDUser"), fb.Get("Created"))
    outArr = append(outArr, fb.GetFieldArr())
  }

Row: 1, 1, 1, 2016-07-15 10:39:37 +0000 UTC
Row: 2, 1, 11, 2016-07-15 10:42:04 +0000 UTC
Row: 3, 1, 10, 2016-07-15 10:46:20 +0000 UTC
SampleQuery: [{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:39:37Z","IDOrder":1,"IDUser":1,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:42:04Z","IDOrder":2,"IDUser":11,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:46:20Z","IDOrder":3,"IDUser":10,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1}]

package fieldbinding

import (
    "sync"
)

// NewFieldBinding ...
func NewFieldBinding() *FieldBinding {
    return &FieldBinding{}
}

// FieldBinding is deisgned for SQL rows.Scan() query.
type FieldBinding struct {
    sync.RWMutex // embedded.  see http://golang.org/ref/spec#Struct_types
    FieldArr     []interface{}
    FieldPtrArr  []interface{}
    FieldCount   int64
    MapFieldToID map[string]int64
}

func (fb *FieldBinding) put(k string, v int64) {
    fb.Lock()
    defer fb.Unlock()
    fb.MapFieldToID[k] = v
}

// Get ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) Get(k string) interface{} {
    fb.RLock()
    defer fb.RUnlock()
    // TODO: check map key exist and fb.FieldArr boundary.
    return fb.FieldArr[fb.MapFieldToID[k]]
}

// PutFields ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) PutFields(fArr []string) {
    fCount := len(fArr)
    fb.FieldArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.FieldPtrArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.MapFieldToID = make(map[string]int64, fCount)

    for k, v := range fArr {
        fb.FieldPtrArr[k] = &fb.FieldArr[k]
        fb.put(v, int64(k))
    }
}

// GetFieldPtrArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldPtrArr() []interface{} {
    return fb.FieldPtrArr
}

// GetFieldArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldArr() map[string]interface{} {
    m := make(map[string]interface{}, fb.FieldCount)

    for k, v := range fb.MapFieldToID {
        m[k] = fb.FieldArr[v]
    }

    return m
}

样本输出：

  // create a fieldbinding object.
  var fArr []string
  fb := fieldbinding.NewFieldBinding()

  if fArr, err = rs.Columns(); err != nil {
    return nil, err
  }

  fb.PutFields(fArr)

  //
  outArr := []interface{}{}

  for rs.Next() {
    if err := rs.Scan(fb.GetFieldPtrArr()...); err != nil {
      return nil, err
    }

    fmt.Printf("Row: %v, %v, %v, %s\n", fb.Get("IDOrder"), fb.Get("IsConfirm"), fb.Get("IDUser"), fb.Get("Created"))
    outArr = append(outArr, fb.GetFieldArr())
  }

Row: 1, 1, 1, 2016-07-15 10:39:37 +0000 UTC
Row: 2, 1, 11, 2016-07-15 10:42:04 +0000 UTC
Row: 3, 1, 10, 2016-07-15 10:46:20 +0000 UTC
SampleQuery: [{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:39:37Z","IDOrder":1,"IDUser":1,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:42:04Z","IDOrder":2,"IDUser":11,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:46:20Z","IDOrder":3,"IDUser":10,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1}]

package fieldbinding

import (
    "sync"
)

// NewFieldBinding ...
func NewFieldBinding() *FieldBinding {
    return &FieldBinding{}
}

// FieldBinding is deisgned for SQL rows.Scan() query.
type FieldBinding struct {
    sync.RWMutex // embedded.  see http://golang.org/ref/spec#Struct_types
    FieldArr     []interface{}
    FieldPtrArr  []interface{}
    FieldCount   int64
    MapFieldToID map[string]int64
}

func (fb *FieldBinding) put(k string, v int64) {
    fb.Lock()
    defer fb.Unlock()
    fb.MapFieldToID[k] = v
}

// Get ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) Get(k string) interface{} {
    fb.RLock()
    defer fb.RUnlock()
    // TODO: check map key exist and fb.FieldArr boundary.
    return fb.FieldArr[fb.MapFieldToID[k]]
}

// PutFields ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) PutFields(fArr []string) {
    fCount := len(fArr)
    fb.FieldArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.FieldPtrArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.MapFieldToID = make(map[string]int64, fCount)

    for k, v := range fArr {
        fb.FieldPtrArr[k] = &fb.FieldArr[k]
        fb.put(v, int64(k))
    }
}

// GetFieldPtrArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldPtrArr() []interface{} {
    return fb.FieldPtrArr
}

// GetFieldArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldArr() map[string]interface{} {
    m := make(map[string]interface{}, fb.FieldCount)

    for k, v := range fb.MapFieldToID {
        m[k] = fb.FieldArr[v]
    }

    return m
}

请参阅下面的完整示例或访问：

main.go

package main

import (
    "bytes"
    "database/sql"
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
)

import (
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
    "github.com/junhsieh/goexamples/fieldbinding/fieldbinding"
)

var (
    db *sql.DB
)

// Table definition
// CREATE TABLE `salorder` (
//   `IDOrder` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
//   `IsClose` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
//   `IsConfirm` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
//   `IDUser` int(11) NOT NULL,
//   `Created` datetime NOT NULL,
//   `Changed` datetime NOT NULL,
//   PRIMARY KEY (`IDOrder`),
//   KEY `IsClose` (`IsClose`)
// ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

func main() {
    var err error

    // starting database server
    db, err = sql.Open("mysql", "Username:Password@tcp(Host:Port)/DBName?parseTime=true")

    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error()) // Just for example purpose. You should use proper error handling instead of panic
    }

    defer db.Close()

    // SampleQuery
    if v, err := SampleQuery(); err != nil {
        fmt.Printf("%s\n", err.Error())
    } else {
        var b bytes.Buffer

        if err := json.NewEncoder(&b).Encode(v); err != nil {
            fmt.Printf("SampleQuery: %v\n", err.Error())
        }

        fmt.Printf("SampleQuery: %v\n", b.String())
    }
}

func SampleQuery() ([]interface{}, error) {
    param := []interface{}{}

    param = append(param, 1)

    sql := "SELECT "
    sql += "  SalOrder.IDOrder "
    sql += ", SalOrder.IsClose "
    sql += ", SalOrder.IsConfirm "
    sql += ", SalOrder.IDUser "
    sql += ", SalOrder.Created "
    sql += "FROM SalOrder "
    sql += "WHERE "
    sql += "IsConfirm = ? "
    sql += "ORDER BY SalOrder.IDOrder ASC "

    rs, err := db.Query(sql, param...)

    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    defer rs.Close()

    // create a fieldbinding object.
    var fArr []string
    fb := fieldbinding.NewFieldBinding()

    if fArr, err = rs.Columns(); err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    fb.PutFields(fArr)

    //
    outArr := []interface{}{}

    for rs.Next() {
        if err := rs.Scan(fb.GetFieldPtrArr()...); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }

        fmt.Printf("Row: %v, %v, %v, %s\n", fb.Get("IDOrder"), fb.Get("IsConfirm"), fb.Get("IDUser"), fb.Get("Created"))
        outArr = append(outArr, fb.GetFieldArr())
    }

    if err := rs.Err(); err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    return outArr, nil
}

字段绑定包：

  // create a fieldbinding object.
  var fArr []string
  fb := fieldbinding.NewFieldBinding()

  if fArr, err = rs.Columns(); err != nil {
    return nil, err
  }

  fb.PutFields(fArr)

  //
  outArr := []interface{}{}

  for rs.Next() {
    if err := rs.Scan(fb.GetFieldPtrArr()...); err != nil {
      return nil, err
    }

    fmt.Printf("Row: %v, %v, %v, %s\n", fb.Get("IDOrder"), fb.Get("IsConfirm"), fb.Get("IDUser"), fb.Get("Created"))
    outArr = append(outArr, fb.GetFieldArr())
  }

Row: 1, 1, 1, 2016-07-15 10:39:37 +0000 UTC
Row: 2, 1, 11, 2016-07-15 10:42:04 +0000 UTC
Row: 3, 1, 10, 2016-07-15 10:46:20 +0000 UTC
SampleQuery: [{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:39:37Z","IDOrder":1,"IDUser":1,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:42:04Z","IDOrder":2,"IDUser":11,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1},{"Created":"2016-07-15T10:46:20Z","IDOrder":3,"IDUser":10,"IsClose":0,"IsConfirm":1}]

package fieldbinding

import (
    "sync"
)

// NewFieldBinding ...
func NewFieldBinding() *FieldBinding {
    return &FieldBinding{}
}

// FieldBinding is deisgned for SQL rows.Scan() query.
type FieldBinding struct {
    sync.RWMutex // embedded.  see http://golang.org/ref/spec#Struct_types
    FieldArr     []interface{}
    FieldPtrArr  []interface{}
    FieldCount   int64
    MapFieldToID map[string]int64
}

func (fb *FieldBinding) put(k string, v int64) {
    fb.Lock()
    defer fb.Unlock()
    fb.MapFieldToID[k] = v
}

// Get ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) Get(k string) interface{} {
    fb.RLock()
    defer fb.RUnlock()
    // TODO: check map key exist and fb.FieldArr boundary.
    return fb.FieldArr[fb.MapFieldToID[k]]
}

// PutFields ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) PutFields(fArr []string) {
    fCount := len(fArr)
    fb.FieldArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.FieldPtrArr = make([]interface{}, fCount)
    fb.MapFieldToID = make(map[string]int64, fCount)

    for k, v := range fArr {
        fb.FieldPtrArr[k] = &fb.FieldArr[k]
        fb.put(v, int64(k))
    }
}

// GetFieldPtrArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldPtrArr() []interface{} {
    return fb.FieldPtrArr
}

// GetFieldArr ...
func (fb *FieldBinding) GetFieldArr() map[string]interface{} {
    m := make(map[string]interface{}, fb.FieldCount)

    for k, v := range fb.MapFieldToID {
        m[k] = fb.FieldArr[v]
    }

    return m
}

---

如果你真的不想要一张地图，这在某些情况下是需要的，那么看看dbr，但你需要使用fork（因为原始回购协议中拒绝了pr）。无论如何，叉子似乎更符合时代要求：

有关如何使用它的信息：

输出：

---

&map[col1:abc col2:123]

也符合该要求。允许您轻松扫描地图/结构的切片。请注意，如果您了解数据库结构，结构会更好：您可以在编译时确保类型安全。是的，sqlx看起来也不错。昨天我记不起这个名字了。作者还有一个sqlx的（正在进行的工作）助手，名为“显然可以用[]映射[字符串]接口替换[]位置{}”。。。你确定吗？你测试过了吗？我试图使用一个映射，我得到一个错误：“错误目标必须是一个结构类型。”@rem7必须是该库的一个限制，那么。但是，很少有人想在DB select中使用map：您应该几乎总是知道它的结构。我认为使用map并不罕见。我想使用map的原因是我不想使用struct。我不想对查询结果集的字段做任何假设。如果这对任何人都重要，

structs

比

maps

更便宜、更安全。当然，它们更便宜、更安全，但这并不意味着它们客观上“更好”，因为。。。他们是完全不同的动物。映射允许您存储任意键和值，这是在您有。。。任意数据，例如，在构建用于SQL查询的应用程序时，这是可能的。结构只是连续内存，就像数组一样，所以当然，它们“更便宜”：）这不会引发错误吗？赋值不匹配：2个变量，但QueryRow只返回一个？