Django dlopen（）未能加载库：cairo/cairo-2

我的看法是：

from django.conf import settings
from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.template.loader import render_to_string
import weasyprint


    @staff_member_required
    def admin_order_pdf(request, order_id):
        order = get_object_or_404(Order, id=order_id)
        html = render_to_string('orders/order/pdf.html', {'order': order})
        response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/pdf')
        response['Content-Disposition'] = 'filename="order_{}.pdf"'.format(order.id)
        weasyprint.HTML(string=html).write_pdf(response,
                                               stylesheets=[weasyprint.CSS(settings.STATIC_ROOT + 'css/pdf.css')])
        return response

当我想要导入（导入weasyprint）时，它会给我一个错误

ERROR:

Request Method: GET
Request URL:    http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/orders/order/
Django Version: 1.8.6
Exception Type: OSError
Exception Value:    
dlopen() failed to load a library: cairo / cairo-2

---

我已经安装了weasyprint和Cairocfi。我正在使用osx El Capitan。

我通过以下链接解决此问题：

---

在OSX EL CAPITAN上新安装的

weasyprint

上，我也遇到了同样的问题。 我就是这样解决的

首先，

cairo

在通过pip安装时找不到，因此我尝试使用以下命令通过自制安装它

brew install cairo pango gdk-pixbuf libxml2 libxslt libffi

完成后，我试图找到

cairo

安装的路径。在我的例子中，位置是

/usr/local/homebrew/cillar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/

我刚刚将它导出到我的DYLD库路径

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/

export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib

然后我卸载并再次安装了

weasyprint

pip uninstall weasyprint
pip install weasyprint

在此之后，我尝试运行

weasyprint

，但出现了一个新错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/bin/weasyprint", line 11, in <module>
 load_entry_point('WeasyPrint==0.31', 'console_scripts', 'weasyprint')()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 565, in load_entry_point
 return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2598, in load_entry_point
 return ep.load()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2258, in load
 return self.resolve()
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2264, in resolve
 module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/__init__.py", line 338, in <module>
 from .css import PARSER, preprocess_stylesheet  # noqa
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/css/__init__.py", line 30, in <module>
 from . import computed_values
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/css/computed_values.py", line 18, in <module>
 from .. import text
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/text.py", line 216, in <module>
 'libgobject-2.0.dylib')
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/weasyprint/text.py", line 212, in dlopen
 return ffi.dlopen(names[0])  # pragma: no cover
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 139, in dlopen
 lib, function_cache = _make_ffi_library(self, name, flags)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 770, in _make_ffi_library
 backendlib = _load_backend_lib(backend, libname, flags)
File "/Users/anurag/VirtualEnvs/test/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cffi/api.py", line 759, in _load_backend_lib
 return backend.load_library(name, flags)
OSError: cannot load library gobject-2.0: dlopen(gobject-2.0, 2): image not found

在那之后，我再次尝试运行

weasyprint

，结果成功了

(test)anurag-mac:~ anurag$ weasyprint --version
WeasyPrint version 0.31

我希望其他人也觉得它有用

更新-1

尽管上述方法有效，但MySQL python开始为此给出错误，

culprit

正在定义回退库路径。所以我删除了这条线

export DYLD_FALLBACK_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/local/lib

这又给了我一个

gobject

错误，然后我试图找到它的安装位置，并将其附加到

DYLD\u库路径中

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/glib/2.48.2/lib/

这样做之后，我在

pango

中得到了一个类似的错误。更正所有错误后，这是最后一条有效的库路径

export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/cairo/1.14.6_1/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/glib/2.48.2/lib/:/usr/local/homebrew/Cellar/pango/1.40.3/lib/

---

通过在Ubuntu上安装以下依赖项，我解决了这个问题：

 sudo apt-get install libpango1.0-0
 sudo apt-get install libcairo2
 sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

在链接中查看依赖项：

我在macOS Mojave上也犯了同样的错误。我的解决方案是用

pip3

安装

cairocfi

，用

brew

安装

cairo

。这两个命令本身失败，但它们一起用于

box.py

：

pip3 install cairocffi
brew install cairo

---

如果在使用weasyprint时出现此错误，则可能忘记安装不能使用pip/pip3安装的weasyprint的Pango、GdkPixbuf和cairo依赖项

对于Debain/Ubuntu

sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-cffi libcairo2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libffi-dev shared-mime-info

有关其他平台，请参阅以下链接

---

我还必须将

/opt/homebrew/cillar/fontconfig/2.13.1/lib/

添加到DYLD\u LIBRARY\u路径中

sudo apt-get install build-essential python3-dev python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-wheel python3-cffi libcairo2 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libffi-dev shared-mime-info