Gcc Makefile.elf文件失败

我尝试在源代码中使用main.cpp。我认为一切都很好，但我得到了错误，我有完全相同的makefile与不同的项目，我没有错误。但是我用Cubemx打开了这个新项目，并尝试在makefile中使用一些cpp设置，所以它不起作用

我得到以下信息：

    collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Makefile:195: recipe for target 'build/stm32f4_FlashflagTest.elf' failed
make: *** [build/stm32f4_FlashflagTest.elf] Error 1

我怎样才能解决这个问题？ 这是我的makefile：

    ##########################################################################################################################
# File automatically-generated by tool: [projectgenerator] version: [3.5.2] date: [Fri Jul 24 10:23:57 TRT 2020]
##########################################################################################################################

# ------------------------------------------------
# Generic Makefile (based on gcc)
#
# ChangeLog :
#   2017-02-10 - Several enhancements + project update mode
#   2015-07-22 - first version
# ------------------------------------------------

######################################
# target
######################################
TARGET = stm32f4_FlashflagTest


######################################
# building variables
######################################
# debug build?
DEBUG = 1
# optimization
OPT = -Og


#######################################
# paths
#######################################
# Build path
BUILD_DIR = build

######################################
# source
######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Src/stm32f4xx_it.c \
Src/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_can.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash_ramfunc.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_dma_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_dma.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_pwr_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_exti.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_uart.c \
Src/system_stm32f4xx.c \

# ASM sources
ASM_SOURCES =  \
startup_stm32f429xx.s

#CPP_SOURCES
CPP_SOURCES = \
Src/main.cpp \

# A_SOURCES
# A_SOURCES = $(wildcard Middlewares/STM32_Safety_STL/Src/*.a)

#######################################
# binaries
#######################################
PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
# The gcc compiler bin path can be either defined in make command via GCC_PATH variable (> make GCC_PATH=xxx)
# either it can be added to the PATH environment variable.
ifdef GCC_PATH
CC = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)size
CXX = $(GCC_PATH)/$(PREFIX)g++

else
CC = $(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(PREFIX)objcopy
SZ = $(PREFIX)size
CXX = $(PREFIX)g++

endif
HEX = $(CP) -O ihex
BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S

#######################################
# CFLAGS
#######################################
# cpu
CPU = -mcpu=cortex-m4

# fpu
FPU = -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16

# float-abi
FLOAT-ABI = -mfloat-abi=hard

# mcu
MCU = $(CPU) -mthumb $(FPU) $(FLOAT-ABI)

# macros for gcc
# AS defines
AS_DEFS =

# C defines
C_DEFS =  \
-DUSE_HAL_DRIVER \
-DSTM32F429xx


# AS includes
AS_INCLUDES =

# C includes
C_INCLUDES =  \
-IInc \
-IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include \
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include



# compile gcc flags
ASFLAGS = $(MCU) $(AS_DEFS) $(AS_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

CFLAGS = $(MCU) $(C_DEFS) $(C_INCLUDES) $(OPT) -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections

ifeq ($(DEBUG), 1)
CFLAGS += -g -gdwarf-2
endif


# Generate dependency information
CFLAGS += -MMD -MP -MF"$(@:%.o=%.d)"

CXXFLAGS = $(CFLAGS)


#######################################
# LDFLAGS
#######################################
# link script
LDSCRIPT = STM32F429VITx_FLASH.ld

# libraries
LIBS = -lc -lm -lnosys
LIBDIR =
LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -u _printf_float -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--no-wchar-size-warning
# LDFLAGS += -Wl,--no-wchar-size-warning

# default action: build all
all: $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).hex $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).bin


#######################################
# build the application
#######################################
# list of objects
OBJECTS = $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(C_SOURCES:.c=.o)))
vpath %.c $(sort $(dir $(C_SOURCES)))
# list of ASM program objects
OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(ASM_SOURCES:.s=.o)))
vpath %.s $(sort $(dir $(ASM_SOURCES)))

OBJECTS += $(addprefix $(BUILD_DIR)/,$(notdir $(CPP_SOURCES:.cpp=.o)))
vpath %.cpp $(sort $(dir $(CPP_SOURCES)))

# list of *.a objects
OBJECTS += $(A_SOURCES)
vpath %.a $(sort $(dir $(A_SOURCES)))

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.c Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.c=.lst)) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.cpp Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(notdir $(<:.cpp=.lst)) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.s Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(AS) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile
    $(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@
    $(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.o: %.a Makefile | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(AA) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@

# $(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).elf: $(OBJECTS) Makefile
#    $(AA) $(CC) $(OBJECTS) $(LDFLAGS) $(A_SOURCES) -o $@
#    $(SZ) $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.hex: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(HEX) $< $@

$(BUILD_DIR)/%.bin: $(BUILD_DIR)/%.elf | $(BUILD_DIR)
    $(BIN) $< $@

$(BUILD_DIR):
    mkdir $@

#######################################
# clean up
#######################################
clean:
    -rm -fR $(BUILD_DIR)

#######################################
# dependencies
#######################################
-include $(wildcard $(BUILD_DIR)/*.d)
###################################################
#               Install & Program
###################################################
install:build/$(TARGET).bin
    @echo "$(CURDIR)/bin/$(TARGET).bin"
#   /usr/local/bin/st-flash erase
    /usr/local/bin/st-flash --reset write "$(CURDIR)/build/$(TARGET).bin" 0x8000000

#
# ###################################################
# #                       etags
# ###################################################
# etags:
#   find $(ST_STD_LIB_PATH) -type f -iname "*.[ch]" | xargs etags --append
#   find $(CMSIS_LIB_PATH) -type f -iname "*.[ch]" | xargs etags --append
#   find $(FOC_LIB) -type f -iname "*.[ch]" | xargs etags --append
#   find . -type f -iname "*.[ch]" | xargs etags --append

# *** EOF ***

# deneme:
#
#   echo $(OBJECTS)
#   echo $(BUILD_DIR)
    #  echo $(A_SOURCES)

##########################################################################################################################
#工具自动生成的文件：[projectgenerator]版本：[3.5.2]日期：[Fri Jul 24 10:23:57 TRT 2020]
##########################################################################################################################
# ------------------------------------------------
#通用生成文件（基于gcc）
#
#更改日志：
#2017-02-10-多项增强+项目更新模式
#2015-07-22-第一版
# ------------------------------------------------
######################################
#目标
######################################
目标=stm32f4\u FlashflagTest
######################################
#建筑变量
######################################
#调试构建？
调试=1
#优化
OPT=-Og
#######################################
#路径
#######################################
#构建路径
BUILD\u DIR=BUILD
######################################
#来源
######################################
#C来源
C_来源=\
Src/stm32f4xx_it.c\
Src/stm32f4xx\u hal\u msp.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_can.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_rcc.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_rcc_ex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_flash.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_flash_ex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_flash_ramfunc.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_gpio.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_dma_ex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_dma.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_pwr.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_pwr_ex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_cortex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_exti.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_tim.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_tim_ex.c\
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/STM32F4xx_HAL_uart.c\
Src/system_stm32f4xx.c\
#ASM源
ASM_源=\
启动\u stm32f429xx.s
#CPP_来源
CPP_来源=\
Src/main.cpp\
#A_来源
#A_SOURCES=$（通配符middleware/STM32_Safety\u STL/Src/*.A）
#######################################
#二进制文件
#######################################
前缀=arm none eabi-
#gcc编译器bin路径可以在make命令中通过gcc_path变量（>make gcc_path=xxx）定义
#可以将其添加到PATH环境变量中。
ifdef GCC_路径
CC=$（GCC\u路径）/$（前缀）GCC
AS=$（GCC_路径）/$（前缀）带有cpp的GCC-x汇编程序
CP=$（GCC_路径）/$（前缀）对象复制
SZ=$（GCC_路径）/$（前缀）大小
CXX=$（GCC_路径）/$（前缀）g++
其他的
CC=$（前缀）gcc
AS=$（前缀）带cpp的gcc-x汇编程序
CP=$（前缀）对象复制
SZ=$（前缀）大小
CXX=$（前缀）g++
恩迪夫
十六进制=$（CP）-O ihex
BIN=$（CP）-O二进制-S
#######################################
#CFLAGS
#######################################
#中央处理器
CPU=-mcpu=cortex-m4
#fpu
FPU=-mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
#浮动abi
FLOAT-ABI=-mfloat ABI=hard
#微控制器
MCU=$（CPU）-mthumb$（FPU）$（浮点ABI）
#gcc宏
#如定义
如你所愿=
#C定义
C_DEFS=\
-司机\
-DSTM32F429xx
#包括
包括=
#C包括
C_包括=\
-IInc\
-IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc\
-iDriver/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy\
-i驱动程序/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include\
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include\
-IDrivers/CMSIS/Include
#编译gcc标志
ASFLAGS=$（MCU）$（AS_DEFS）$（AS_INCLUDES）$（OPT）-Wall-fdata节-fffunction节
CFLAGS=$（MCU）$（C_DEFS）$（C_包括）$（OPT）-墙-fdata部分-功能部分
ifeq（$（调试），1）
CFLAGS+=-g-gdwarf-2
恩迪夫
#生成依赖项信息
CFLAGS+=-MMD-MP-MF“$（@:%.o=%.d）”
CXXFLAGS=$（CFLAGS）
#######################################
#LDFLAGS
#######################################
#链接脚本
LDSCRIPT=STM32F429VITx_FLASH.ld
#图书馆
LIBS=-lc-lm-lnosys
利伯迪尔=
LDFLAGS=$（MCU）-specs=nano.specs-u\u printf\u float-T$（LDSCRIPT）$（LIBDIR）$（LIBS）-Wl，-Map=$（BUILD\u DIR）/$（TARGET）.Map，--cref-Wl，--gc节
LDFLAGS+=-Wl，--无wchar大小警告
#LDFLAGS+=-Wl，--无wchar大小警告
#默认操作：全部生成
全部：$（构建目录）/$（目标）.elf$（构建目录）/$（目标）.hex$（构建目录）/$（目标）.bin
#######################################
#构建应用程序
#######################################
#对象列表
OBJECTS=$（addprefix$（BUILD\u DIR）/，$（notdir$（C\u SOURCES:.C=.o）））
vpath%.c$（排序$（目录$（c_源）））
#ASM程序对象列表
OBJECTS+=$（addprefix$（BUILD\u DIR）/，$（notdir$（ASM\u SOURCES:.s=.o）））
vpath%.s$（排序$（目录$（ASM\U源）））
对象+=$（addprefix$（BUILD\u DIR）/，$（notdir$（CPP\u源：.CPP=.o）））
vpath%.cpp$（排序$（目录$（cpp_源）））
#*.a对象列表
对象+=$（A_源）
vpath%.a$（排序$（目录$（a_源）））
$（生成目录）/%.o:%.c生成文件|$（生成目录）
$（CC）-c$（CFLAGS）-Wa，-a，-ad，-alms=$（BUILD\u DIR）/$（notdir$）（我发现了这个问题
但我不知道为什么它能正常工作。有人能解释一下吗

我使用-specs=nosys.specs而不是-specs=nano.specs
我改变这一行：

LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nano.specs -u _printf_float -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--no-wchar-size-warning

与：

LDFLAGS = $(MCU) -specs=nosys.specs -T$(LDSCRIPT) $(LIBDIR) $(LIBS) -Wl,-Map=$(BUILD_DIR)/$(TARGET).map,--cref -Wl,--gc-sections
LDFLAGS += -Wl,--no-wchar-size-warning