JPA：如何持久化具有某些级联关系的对象？仍然是Javax.persistence.PersistenceException。。。

我做了很多研究，但我没有找到我问题的真正答案

我想创建一个具有许多关系的对象，并将其持久化

我的实体是：在引用类型上定义的引用，链接到手册（可能为空）。该参考是为一架或多架飞机定义的，并有一些翻译

为了方便起见，我添加了一些用于级联和删除的注释

这是代码

@Table(name = "T_E_REFERENCE_REF", 
       uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "REF_IDENTIFIER"))
public class Reference implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "REF_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="referenceSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_E_REFERENCE_REF.REF_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="referenceSeqStore")                   
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "REF_IDENTIFIER", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 50)  
    private String identifier;

    @Column(name = "REF_LINK")  
    private String link;

    @Column(name = "REF_OBSERVATIONS", length = 4000)
    private String observations;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "REF_RFT_ID", nullable = false)  
    private ReferenceType referenceType;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "REF_MAN_ID")    
    private Manual manual;  

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, 
               mappedBy = "reference",
               cascade = { CascadeType.ALL }, orphanRemoval = true)
    private Set<Translation> translations = new HashSet<Translation>(0);

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY,
                cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
    @JoinTable(name = "T_J_REF_AIR_RFA", 
               joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "RFA_REF_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) },
               inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "RFA_AIR_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) })
    private Set<Aircraft> aircrafts = new HashSet<Aircraft>(0);

    @Transient 
    private String localeTranslation;

}


@Table(name = "T_R_AIRCRAFT_AIR", 
       uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "AIR_NAME"))
public class Aircraft implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "AIR_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="aircraftSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_R_AIRCRAFT_AIR.AIR_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, 
        generator="aircraftSeqStore")       
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "AIR_NAME", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 50)
    private String name;

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinTable(name = "T_J_REF_AIR_RFA", 
               joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "RFA_AIR_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, 
               inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "RFA_REF_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) })
    @OrderBy("identifier")
    private Set<Reference> references = new HashSet<Reference>(0);

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinTable(name = "T_J_MAN_AIR_MNA", 
               joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "MNA_AIR_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, 
               inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "MNA_MAN_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) })
    @OrderBy("type")
    private Set<Manual> manuals = new HashSet<Manual>(0);

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, 
               mappedBy = "aircraft",
               cascade = { CascadeType.REMOVE })
    private Set<UserConfig> userConfigs = new HashSet<UserConfig>(0);

}

@Table(name = "T_R_REFERENCE_TYPE_RFT", 
       uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "RFT_TYPE"))
public class ReferenceType implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "RFT_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="referenceTypeSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_R_REFERENCE_TYPE_RFT.RFT_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="referenceTypeSeqStore")                   
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "RFT_TYPE", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 50)    
    private String type;

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, 
               mappedBy = "referenceType", 
               cascade = { CascadeType.REMOVE })    
    private Set<Reference> references = new HashSet<Reference>(0);

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, 
               mappedBy = "referenceType",
               cascade = { CascadeType.REMOVE })    
    private Set<UserConfig> userConfigs = new HashSet<UserConfig>(0);

    @Transient
    private String typeTranslated;
}

@Table(name = "T_R_MANUAL_MAN", 
       uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "MAN_TYPE"))
public class Manual implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "MAN_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="manualSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_R_MANUAL_MAN.MAN_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="manualSeqStore")                  
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "MAN_TYPE", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 50)
    private String type;

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinTable(name = "T_J_MAN_AIR_MNA", 
               joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "MNA_MAN_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) }, 
               inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "MNA_AIR_ID", nullable = false, updatable = false) })  
    private Set<Aircraft> aircrafts = new HashSet<Aircraft>(0);

    @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, mappedBy = "manual")
    private Set<Reference> references = new HashSet<Reference>(0);

}

@Table(name = "T_E_TRANSLATION_TRL")
public class Translation implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "TRL_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="translationSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_E_TRANSLATION_TRL.TRL_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, 
        generator="translationSeqStore")            
    private Integer id;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "TRL_REF_ID", nullable = false)
    private Reference reference;

    @ManyToOne
    @JoinColumn(name = "TRL_LAN_ID", nullable = false)  
    private Language language;

    @Column(name = "TRL_LABEL", nullable = false, length = 4000)    
    private String label;

}

@Table(name = "T_R_LANGUAGE_LAN", 
       uniqueConstraints = @UniqueConstraint(columnNames = "LAN_LANG"))
public class Language implements java.io.Serializable {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "LAN_ID", unique = true, nullable = false)
    @TableGenerator(name="langSeqStore", 
        table="T_S_APP_SEQ_STORE_AST", 
        pkColumnName="AST_SEQ_NAME",
        valueColumnName = "AST_SEQ_VALUE",
        pkColumnValue = "T_R_LANGUAGE_LAN.LAN_ID", 
        allocationSize=1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.TABLE, generator="langSeqStore")        
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "LAN_LANG", unique = true, nullable = false, length = 2) 
    private String lang;
}

@Table（name=“T\u E\u REFERENCE\u REF”，
uniqueConstraints=@UniqueConstraint（columnNames=“REF_IDENTIFIER”））
公共类引用实现java.io.Serializable{
@身份证
@列（name=“REF\u ID”，unique=true，nullable=false）
@TableGenerator（name=“referenceSeqStore”，
table=“T_S_应用程序_SEQ_商店”，
pkColumnName=“AST_SEQ_NAME”，
valueColumnName=“AST_SEQ_VALUE”，
pkColumnValue=“T\u E\u REFERENCE\u REF.REF\u ID”，
allocationSize=1）
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.TABLE，generator=“referenceSeqStore”）
私有整数id；
@列（name=“REF_IDENTIFIER”，unique=true，nullable=false，length=50）
私有字符串标识符；
@列（name=“REF\u LINK”）
私有字符串链接；
@列（name=“REF_观测值”，长度=4000）
私有字符串观测；
@许多酮
@JoinColumn（name=“REF\u RFT\u ID”，null=false）
私有引用类型ReferenceType；
@许多酮
@JoinColumn（name=“REF\u MAN\u ID”）
私人手册；
@OneToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY，
mappedBy=“reference”，
cascade={CascadeType.ALL}，orphanRemoving=true）
私有集翻译=新哈希集（0）；
@ManyToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY，
级联={CascadeType.ALL}）
@可接合（name=“T\u J\u REF\u AIR\u RFA”，
joinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“RFA\u REF\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}，
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“RFA\u AIR\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}）
私有集飞机=新哈希集（0）；
@短暂的
私有字符串本地翻译；
}
@表（name=“T\U R\U飞机”，
uniqueConstraints=@UniqueConstraint（columnNames=“AIR_NAME”））
公共类飞机实现java.io.Serializable{
@身份证
@列（name=“AIR\u ID”，unique=true，nullable=false）
@TableGenerator（name=“aircraftSeqStore”，
table=“T_S_应用程序_SEQ_商店”，
pkColumnName=“AST_SEQ_NAME”，
valueColumnName=“AST_SEQ_VALUE”，
pkColumnValue=“T\u R\u飞机\u AIR.AIR\u ID”，
allocationSize=1）
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.TABLE，
生成器=“aircraftSeqStore”）
私有整数id；
@列（name=“AIR\u name”，unique=true，nullable=false，length=50）
私有字符串名称；
@ManyToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY）
@可接合（name=“T\u J\u REF\u AIR\u RFA”，
joinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“RFA\u AIR\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}，
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“RFA\u REF\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}）
@订购人（“标识符”）
私有集引用=新哈希集（0）；
@ManyToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY）
@可接合（name=“T_J_MAN_AIR_MNA”，
joinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“MNA\u AIR\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}，
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“MNA\u MAN\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}）
@订购人（“类型”）
私有集手册=新哈希集（0）；
@OneToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY，
mappedBy=“飞机”，
级联={CascadeType.REMOVE}）
私有集userConfigs=新哈希集（0）；
}
@表（name=“T\u R\u REFERENCE\u TYPE\u RFT”，
uniqueConstraints=@UniqueConstraint（columnNames=“RFT_TYPE”））
公共类ReferenceType实现java.io.Serializable{
@身份证
@列（name=“RFT\u ID”，unique=true，nullable=false）
@TableGenerator（name=“referenceTypeSeqStore”，
table=“T_S_应用程序_SEQ_商店”，
pkColumnName=“AST_SEQ_NAME”，
valueColumnName=“AST_SEQ_VALUE”，
pkColumnValue=“T\U R\U引用类型\U RFT.RFT\U ID”，
allocationSize=1）
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.TABLE，generator=“referenceTypeSeqStore”）
私有整数id；
@列（name=“RFT\u TYPE”，unique=true，nullable=false，length=50）
私有字符串类型；
@OneToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY，
mappedBy=“referenceType”，
级联={CascadeType.REMOVE}）
私有集引用=新哈希集（0）；
@OneToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY，
mappedBy=“referenceType”，
级联={CascadeType.REMOVE}）
私有集userConfigs=新哈希集（0）；
@短暂的
私有字符串类型转换；
}
@表（name=“T\R\u MANUAL\u MAN”，
uniqueConstraints=@UniqueConstraint（columnNames=“MAN_TYPE”））
公共类手册实现java.io.Serializable{
@身份证
@列（name=“MAN_ID”，unique=true，nullable=false）
@TableGenerator（name=“manualSeqStore”，
table=“T_S_应用程序_SEQ_商店”，
pkColumnName=“AST_SEQ_NAME”，
valueColumnName=“AST_SEQ_VALUE”，
pkColumnValue=“T\u R\u手册\u MAN.MAN\u ID”，
allocationSize=1）
@GeneratedValue（策略=GenerationType.TABLE，generator=“manualSeqStore”）
私有整数id；
@列（name=“MAN_TYPE”，unique=true，nullable=false，length=50）
私有字符串类型；
@ManyToMany（fetch=FetchType.LAZY）
@可接合（name=“T_J_MAN_AIR_MNA”，
joinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“MNA\u MAN\u ID”，nullable=false，updateable=false）}，
inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn（name=“MNA\u AIR\u ID”，nulla
@Test
@Transactional
public void testInsertReference() {

    // Create transient
    Reference reference = new Reference();
    reference.setIdentifier("MYTEST");
    reference.setLink("MYLINK");
    reference.setObservations("MYCOMMENT");

    // get from database
    Manual manual = manualService.getManual("MYMAN");
    ReferenceType refType = referenceTypeService.getReferenceType(1);

    Aircraft aircraft = aircraftService.getAircraft("MYAIR");
    Set<Aircraft> airList = new HashSet<Aircraft>();
    airList.add(aircraft);

    Language langEn = languageService.getLanguage("EN");
    Language langFr = languageService.getLanguage("FR");

    Translation trlEn = new Translation();
    trlEn.setLanguage(langEn);
    trlEn.setLabel("my ref test");

    Translation trlFr = new Translation();
    trlFr.setLanguage(langFr);
    trlFr.setLabel("mon test de ref");

    List<Translation> trlList = new ArrayList<Translation>();
    trlList.add(trlEn);
    trlList.add(trlFr);         

    // Set some relations
    reference.setManual(manual);
    reference.setReferenceType(refType);
    reference.setAircrafts(airList);
    reference.setTranslations(new HashSet<Translation>(trlList));

    // Persist
    reference = referenceService.insertReference(reference);  // which execute : entityManager.persist(entity)
    logger.info(reference.toString());
}

javax.persistence.PersistenceException: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: myprog.test.persistence.entity.Aircraft
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1365)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1293)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.convert(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:1299)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:865)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.ExtendedEntityManagerCreator$ExtendedEntityManagerInvocationHandler.invoke(ExtendedEntityManagerCreator.java:365)
    at $Proxy39.persist(Unknown Source)
    at myprog.test.persistence.dao.impl.GenericDaoImpl.create(GenericDaoImpl.java:54)
    at myprog.test.service.impl.ReferenceServiceImpl.insertReference(ReferenceServiceImpl.java:61)
    at myprog.test.service.impl.ReferenceServiceImpl$$FastClassByCGLIB$$f01500a8.invoke(<generated>)
    at net.sf.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$CglibMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(Cglib2AopProxy.java:689)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150)
    at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:110)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172)
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.Cglib2AopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(Cglib2AopProxy.java:622)
    at myprog.test.service.impl.ReferenceServiceImpl$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$a99de5b.insertReference(<generated>)
    at myprog.test.service.ReferenceServiceTest.testInsertReference(ReferenceServiceTest.java:147)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:74)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:30)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:83)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:72)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:28)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:30)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:174)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.hibernate.PersistentObjectException: detached entity passed to persist: myprog.test.persistence.entity.Aircraft
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:141)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:802)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:795)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.EJB3CascadingAction$1.cascade(EJB3CascadingAction.java:52)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeToOne(Cascade.java:380)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:323)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:208)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollectionElements(Cascade.java:409)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeCollection(Cascade.java:350)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeAssociation(Cascade.java:326)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascadeProperty(Cascade.java:208)
    at org.hibernate.engine.internal.Cascade.cascade(Cascade.java:165)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.cascadeAfterSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:448)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSaveOrReplicate(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:293)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.performSave(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:193)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractSaveEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(AbstractSaveEventListener.java:136)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.event.EJB3PersistEventListener.saveWithGeneratedId(EJB3PersistEventListener.java:78)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.entityIsTransient(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:208)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:151)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultPersistEventListener.onPersist(DefaultPersistEventListener.java:78)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.firePersist(SessionImpl.java:811)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:786)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.persist(SessionImpl.java:790)
    at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.persist(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:859)
    ... 49 more

Aircraft a = em.getReference(Aircraft.class, reference.getAircraft().getId());

reference.setAircraft(a);