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Java 如何解除JTextField的焦点_Java_Swing_Netbeans_Focus_Jtextfield - Fatal编程技术网

Java 如何解除JTextField的焦点

Java 如何解除JTextField的焦点,java,swing,netbeans,focus,jtextfield,Java,Swing,Netbeans,Focus,Jtextfield,当我的应用程序加载(使用netbeans创建)时,第一个JTextField会自动聚焦,在这个JTextField中,我写了“输入你的用户名”,当用户点击这个字段时,它会消失,但当应用程序加载时,这个字段聚焦,意味着我看不到“输入你的用户名”,如何在启动时解除焦点?用于将焦点设置在其他组件上,而不是首先设置您的JTextfield 但是我建议不要改变本机焦点系统,而是在initComponents()调用constructor(假定在netbeans中)之后在JTextField上更改setTe

当我的应用程序加载(使用netbeans创建)时,第一个JTextField会自动聚焦,在这个JTextField中,我写了“输入你的用户名”,当用户点击这个字段时,它会消失,但当应用程序加载时,这个字段聚焦,意味着我看不到“输入你的用户名”,如何在启动时解除焦点?

用于将焦点设置在其他组件上,而不是首先设置您的
JTextfield

但是我建议不要改变本机焦点系统,而是在
initComponents()
调用
constructor
(假定在netbeans中)之后在
JTextField
上更改
setText(String s)


进一步的可选阅读:

登录最好在模式对话框中完成,但这会带来问题,因为在组件可见后必须调用方法
requestFocusInWindow()
,但由于对话框是模式对话框,这会被阻止

此示例使用Rob Camick的
RequestFocusListener
(如中所示)在对话框可见后管理焦点

注意:这就是它在用户执行任何操作之前的显示方式。默认情况下,密码字段是聚焦的

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;

public class LoginRequired {

    LoginRequired() {
        JFrame f = new JFrame("Login Required");
        f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);

        f.setResizable(false);
        f.setSize(400, 300); // not recommended, but used here for convenience
        f.setLocationByPlatform(true);
        f.setVisible(true);

        showLogin(f);
    }

    private void showLogin(JFrame frame) {
        JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(5,5));

        JPanel labels = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0,1,2,2));
        labels.add(new JLabel("User Name", SwingConstants.TRAILING));
        labels.add(new JLabel("Password", SwingConstants.TRAILING));
        p.add(labels, BorderLayout.LINE_START);

        JPanel controls = new JPanel(new GridLayout(0,1,2,2));
        JTextField username = new JTextField("Joe Blogs");
        controls.add(username);
        JPasswordField password = new JPasswordField();
        password.addAncestorListener(new RequestFocusListener(false));
        controls.add(password);
        p.add(controls, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(
            frame, p, "Log In", JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE);
        System.out.println("User Name: " + username.getText());
        System.out.println("Password: " + new String(password.getPassword()));
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            new LoginRequired();
        });
    }
}

/**
 *  Convenience class to request focus on a component.
 *
 *  When the component is added to a realized Window then component will
 *  request focus immediately, since the ancestorAdded event is fired
 *  immediately.
 *
 *  When the component is added to a non realized Window, then the focus
 *  request will be made once the window is realized, since the
 *  ancestorAdded event will not be fired until then.
 *
 *  Using the default constructor will cause the listener to be removed
 *  from the component once the AncestorEvent is generated. A second constructor
 *  allows you to specify a boolean value of false to prevent the
 *  AncestorListener from being removed when the event is generated. This will
 *  allow you to reuse the listener each time the event is generated.
 */
class RequestFocusListener implements AncestorListener
{
    private boolean removeListener;

    /*
     *  Convenience constructor. The listener is only used once and then it is
     *  removed from the component.
     */
    public RequestFocusListener()
    {
        this(true);
    }

    /*
     *  Constructor that controls whether this listen can be used once or
     *  multiple times.
     *
     *  @param removeListener when true this listener is only invoked once
     *                        otherwise it can be invoked multiple times.
     */
    public RequestFocusListener(boolean removeListener)
    {
        this.removeListener = removeListener;
    }

    @Override
    public void ancestorAdded(AncestorEvent e)
    {
        JComponent component = e.getComponent();
        component.requestFocusInWindow();

        if (removeListener)
            component.removeAncestorListener( this );
    }

    @Override
    public void ancestorMoved(AncestorEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public void ancestorRemoved(AncestorEvent e) {}
}

我认为将键盘焦点放在用户名字段是正确的行为,假设这是用户首先需要做的。与其在焦点上清除,为什么不在用户键入内容后才清除

import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.text.Document;

public class PlaceholderTextField extends JTextField {

    public static void main(final String[] args) {
        final PlaceholderTextField tf = new PlaceholderTextField("");
        tf.setColumns(20);
        tf.setPlaceholder("All your base are belong to us!");
        final Font f = tf.getFont();
        tf.setFont(new Font(f.getName(), f.getStyle(), 30));
        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, tf);
    }

    private String placeholder;

    public PlaceholderTextField() {
    }

    public PlaceholderTextField(
        final Document pDoc,
        final String pText,
        final int pColumns)
    {
        super(pDoc, pText, pColumns);
    }

    public PlaceholderTextField(final int pColumns) {
        super(pColumns);
    }

    public PlaceholderTextField(final String pText) {
        super(pText);
    }

    public PlaceholderTextField(final String pText, final int pColumns) {
        super(pText, pColumns);
    }

    public String getPlaceholder() {
        return placeholder;
    }

    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(final Graphics pG) {
        super.paintComponent(pG);

        if (placeholder.length() == 0 || getText().length() > 0) {
            return;
        }

        final Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) pG;
        g.setRenderingHint(
            RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
            RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
        g.setColor(getDisabledTextColor());
        g.drawString(placeholder, getInsets().left, pG.getFontMetrics()
            .getMaxAscent() + getInsets().top);
    }

    public void setPlaceholder(final String s) {
        placeholder = s;
    }

}
如果您真的只想移除焦点,请选择以下选项:

  • component.setFocusable(false)
  • KeyboardFocusManager.getCurrentKeyboardFocusManager().FocusNext组件()
  • KeyboardFocusManager.getCurrentKeyboardFocusManager().clearGlobalFocusOwner()
如果且仅当textField具有焦点,则TAB顺序中的下一个组件将自动获得焦点。效果与按TAB键相同


(没有在只有一个可聚焦组件的GUI中测试:)

如果我必须单击一个JMenuItem才能登录怎么办?我在另一个元素上使用了requestFocusInWindow(),但当我单击该JMenuItem时,JTextField被聚焦,当我第二次单击该JMenuItem时,JTextField没有聚焦,它会稍后工作,但是第一次尝试在NetBeans属性编辑器中为您的
JMenuItem
创建
nextFocusableComponent
属性时,我修复了它,在启动时,我使用了两次您的代码,当我点击JMenuItem时,感谢它们的两个JTextFields,第一个是用户名,第二个是密码,还有一个叫登录的JMenuItem,在我运行应用程序的那一刻,第一个JTextField是焦点,我不希望看到,顺便说一句,如果每个应用程序的用户名。安装应该是固定的,只需使用默认值填充用户名字段&如果正确,让用户选项卡转到下一个字段。如果保证为常量,则填充该字段并禁用它。它将不可聚焦,默认情况下焦点将转到第二个字段。@AloneInTheDark这是一个单独的问题,应该在单独的问题上提问。
textField.setFocusable(false);
textField.setFocusable(true);