Java WebApplicationContext没有'；自动线_Java_Spring_Testing_Spring Mvc

Java WebApplicationContext没有'；自动线

java spring testing spring-mvc

Java WebApplicationContext没有'；自动线,java,spring,testing,spring-mvc,Java,Spring,Testing,Spring Mvc,我编写了这个测试类： @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" }) public class CandidateControllerTest { @Mock(name = "candidateService") private CandidateService candidateService; @InjectMocks priva

我编写了这个测试类：

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
public class CandidateControllerTest {

        @Mock(name = "candidateService")
        private CandidateService candidateService;

        @InjectMocks
        private CandidateMenuController candidateMenuController = new CandidateMenuController();


        @Autowired
        WebApplicationContext wac;

        MockMvc mockMvc;


        @Before
        public void before() {



            mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();
         }
    }

但是：

代码执行后，我看到下一个跟踪：

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: WebApplicationContext is required
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.<init>(InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.java:39)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(MockMvcBuilders.java:73)
    at controllers.CandidateControllerTest.before(CandidateControllerTest.java:52)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

跟踪：

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: WebApplicationContext is required
    at org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull(Assert.java:112)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.<init>(InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.java:39)
    at org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(MockMvcBuilders.java:73)
    at controllers.CandidateControllerTest.before(CandidateControllerTest.java:61)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:41)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:27)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException:需要WebApplicationContext
位于org.springframework.util.Assert.notNull（Assert.java:112）
位于org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder。（InitializedContextMockMvcBuilder.java:39）
位于org.springframework.test.web.server.setup.MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup（MockMvcBuilders.java:73）
CandidateControllerTest.before（CandidateControllerTest.java:61）
在sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（本机方法）处
位于sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39）
在sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25）中
位于java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke（Method.java:597）
位于org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectVeCall（FrameworkMethod.java:44）
位于org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run（ReflectiveCallable.java:15）
位于org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeeexplosive（FrameworkMethod.java:41）
位于org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate（RunBefores.java:27）
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild（BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:76）
位于org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild（BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50）
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run（ParentRunner.java:193）
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule（ParentRunner.java:52）
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren（ParentRunner.java:191）
访问org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000（ParentRunner.java:42）
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate（ParentRunner.java:184）
位于org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run（ParentRunner.java:236）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run（JUnit4TestReference.java:50）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run（TestExecution.java:38）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests（RemoteTestRunner.java:467）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests（RemoteTestRunner.java:683）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run（RemoteTestRunner.java:390）
位于org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main（RemoteTestRunner.java:197）
没有WebApplicationContext
只有ApplicationContext
，除非您将@WebAppConfiguration
添加到测试类中
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest { ... }

除了@RunWith
注释之外，您还可以扩展其中一个类
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/test/BeanConfig.xml" })
@WebAppConfiguration
public class CandidateControllerTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests { ... }

链接
WebAppConfiguration

我在使用TestNG和Mockito时遇到了同样的问题
事实证明wac不是自动连接的，在@BeforeTest
方法中可用，但在@Test
方法中可用
我移动了这个
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webApplicationContextSetup(wac).build();

对于@Test
方法和presto，它是有效的
以下是我找到的解决方案链接：
为您的设置添加以下注释
@BeforeClass(dependsOnMethods={"springTestContextPrepareTestInstance"})

Romera认为，WebApplicationContext是必需的，和NullPointerException
是我作为TestNG和Spring测试框架的初学者面临的最容易混淆的错误。这些都是由于一些简单的错误造成的，比如忘记`扩展AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests1等等。为了避免这些错误，我将提供我使用的代码模板
@Test
@WebAppConfiguration
@ContextConfiguration(classes = WebConfig.class) //You can use your xml too
public class YourControllerTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext wac;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;


    @Test
    public void getEmailVerificationTest() throws Exception {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();

        this.mockMvc.perform(get("/home")
                .accept(MediaType.ALL))
                .andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(view().name("home/index"));
    }
}

这是测试主页的示例代码。如果您是初学者，会出现如上所述的错误，请首先检查是否扩展AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests
和this.mockMvc=MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup（this.wac）.build（）位于正确的位置
另一件事是，您可以使用@BeforeMethod注释停止重复this.mockMvc=MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup（this.wac.build（）在每个模块中。您应该像下面这样添加@beforethod

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setWac(){
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
    }

试着这样做
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders.get;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.content;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.status;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

import com.javainuse.test.SpringBootHelloWorldTests;

public class TestControllerTest extends SpringBootHelloWorldTests {

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void testEmployee() throws Exception {
        mockMvc.perform(get("/employee")).andExpect(status().isOk())
                .andExpect(content().contentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8"))
                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.name").value("emp1")).andExpect(jsonPath("$.designation").value("manager"))
                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.empId").value("1")).andExpect(jsonPath("$.salary").value(3000));

    }

}

SpringBootHelloWorldTests如下所示
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import com.javainuse.SpringBootHelloWorldApplication;


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes=SpringBootHelloWorldApplication.class)
public class SpringBootHelloWorldTests {

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
    }

}

这是SpringBootHelloWorld应用程序
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBootHelloWorldApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootHelloWorldApplication.class, args);
    }
}

对我来说，问题在于没有以下maven依赖项：
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
        <version>1</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

对我来说，当我添加RunWith注释时，这个问题得到了解决。请参阅下文：
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.MOCK,classes = {SampleConfig.class})
public class SampleTest {

更多信息您似乎缺乏对Spring和测试的基本理解。添加@RunWith注释或扩展一个spring基类。（见修改后的答案）。参考指南（我已经在答案中添加了链接）中也解释了这一点。问题不是关于Spring Boot，而是没有Spring Boot的Spring。用Spring Boot的测试方式回答这个问题是没有帮助的。
@Inject
protected WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
protected MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void before() {
    this.mockMvc = webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.MOCK,classes = {SampleConfig.class})
public class SampleTest {