Java 如何使用Hibernate、H2和TestNg进行测试？

测试DAO层的正确方法是什么

我有

@beforethod

和

@AfterMethod

带注释的方法，在这些方法中我创建并销毁了

SessionFactory

，但它不能用于多个测试。如果一个接一个地运行测试，那么测试是通过的，但是在一起运行时，maven构建没有通过，所以我决定使用TestNg组对它们进行分组，并使用

@BeforeGroup

和

@AfterGroup

方法，我在Hibernate中也做了同样的事情

所以我做了这样的事情：

@Test(groups = {"integration"})
public class IntegrationTest
{
    protected SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    @BeforeGroups(groups = {"integration"})
    public void setUpHibernate() throws Exception
    {
        // here I configure sessionFactory
        this.sessionFactory = ...
    }

    @AfterGroups(groups = {"integration"})
    public void putItDown() throws Exception
    {
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
}

我的每一次测试都像这样扩展了这个类

@Test(groups = "integration")
public class RateRepositoryHibernateTest  extends IntegrationTest
{
    ...
}

然后我注意到只有一个扩展测试设置了

sessionFactory

，其余测试设置为

null

，这并不奇怪，因为该方法应该运行一次。现在我真的不知道该怎么办

如何围绕组测试方法传递来自BeforeGroup方法的数据

或

如何做得不同

或

如何在每次测试之前和之后设置和拆卸

SessionFactory

，但在多个测试中不会出现任何伪锁异常

-- 编辑：

回答解释如何以不同的方式进行也是受欢迎的。我想知道使用TestNg、Hibernate和一些内存数据库进行集成测试的最新技术

-- 编辑2：

堆栈跟踪，下面是测试代码

Hibernate: select roomtype_.type_name from ROOM_TYPES roomtype_ where roomtype_.type_name=?
Hibernate: call next value for rates_sequence
Hibernate: call next value for rates_sequence
Hibernate: insert into ROOMS (prefix, housekeepingStatus, availability, maxExtraBeds, standard, maximum, type, name) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into RATES (standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, RATE_TYPE, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, 'R', ?)
Hibernate: insert into RATES (standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, seasonId, RATE_TYPE, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 'S', ?)
Hibernate: insert into ROOM_TYPES (type_name) values (?)
Hibernate: select roomtype_.type_name from ROOM_TYPES roomtype_ where roomtype_.type_name=?
Hibernate: call next value for rates_sequence
Hibernate: insert into ROOMS (prefix, housekeepingStatus, availability, maxExtraBeds, standard, maximum, type, name) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into RATES (standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, RATE_TYPE, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, 'R', ?)
org.hibernate.PessimisticLockException: Timeout trying to lock table ; SQL statement:
insert into RATES (standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, RATE_TYPE, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, 'R', ?) [50200-168]
    at org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect$2.convert(H2Dialect.java:317)
    at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:49)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:125)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:110)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractStatementProxyHandler.continueInvocation(AbstractStatementProxyHandler.java:129)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractProxyHandler.invoke(AbstractProxyHandler.java:81)
    at $Proxy13.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.batch.internal.NonBatchingBatch.addToBatch(NonBatchingBatch.java:56)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2962)
    at org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.insert(AbstractEntityPersister.java:3403)
    at org.hibernate.action.internal.EntityInsertAction.execute(EntityInsertAction.java:88)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.execute(ActionQueue.java:362)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:354)
    at org.hibernate.engine.spi.ActionQueue.executeActions(ActionQueue.java:275)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.AbstractFlushingEventListener.performExecutions(AbstractFlushingEventListener.java:326)
    at org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultFlushEventListener.onFlush(DefaultFlushEventListener.java:52)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.flush(SessionImpl.java:1210)
    at org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.managedFlush(SessionImpl.java:399)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.internal.jdbc.JdbcTransaction.beforeTransactionCommit(JdbcTransaction.java:101)
    at org.hibernate.engine.transaction.spi.AbstractTransactionImpl.commit(AbstractTransactionImpl.java:175)
    at net.mklew.hotelms.persistance.RatesPersistanceTest.should_save_rates_and_retrieve_them_with_success(RatesPersistanceTest.java:80)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:80)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:673)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:842)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1166)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:125)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:109)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.runWorkers(TestRunner.java:1178)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:757)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:608)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1158)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1083)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:999)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:203)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:174)
    at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:111)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:120)
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Timeout trying to lock table ; SQL statement:
insert into RATES (standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, RATE_TYPE, id) values (?, ?, ?, ?, 'R', ?) [50200-168]
    at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:158)
    at org.h2.command.Command.filterConcurrentUpdate(Command.java:276)
    at org.h2.command.Command.executeUpdate(Command.java:232)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcPreparedStatement.executeUpdateInternal(JdbcPreparedStatement.java:156)
    at org.h2.jdbc.JdbcPreparedStatement.executeUpdate(JdbcPreparedStatement.java:142)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
    at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractStatementProxyHandler.continueInvocation(AbstractStatementProxyHandler.java:122)
    ... 47 more
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: Concurrent update in table "PRIMARY_KEY_4": another transaction has updated or deleted the same row [90131-168]
    at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:329)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:169)
    at org.h2.message.DbException.get(DbException.java:146)
    at org.h2.table.RegularTable.addRow(RegularTable.java:146)
    at org.h2.command.dml.Insert.insertRows(Insert.java:124)
    at org.h2.command.dml.Insert.update(Insert.java:84)
    at org.h2.command.CommandContainer.update(CommandContainer.java:75)
    at org.h2.command.Command.executeUpdate(Command.java:230)
    ... 54 more

测试代码：

public class RatesPersistanceTest
{

    protected SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    protected HibernateSessionFactory hibernateSessionFactory;

    @BeforeMethod
    public void setUpHibernate() throws Exception
    {
        Logger logger = mock(Logger.class);
        NativelyConfiguredHibernateSessionFactory hibernateSessionFactory = new
                NativelyConfiguredHibernateSessionFactory(logger);
        this.sessionFactory = hibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory();
        this.hibernateSessionFactory = hibernateSessionFactory;
    }

    @AfterMethod
    public void putItDown() throws Exception
    {
        sessionFactory.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void should_save_rates_and_retrieve_them_with_success()
    {
        // given
        Money standardPrice = Money.parse("USD 85");
        Money upchargeExtraPerson = Money.parse("USD 80");
        Money upchargeExtraBed = Money.parse("USD 75");
        RoomType roomType = getMeRoomType();
        Room room = getMeRoom(roomType);

        AvailabilityPeriod availabilityPeriod = new AvailabilityPeriod(DateTime.now(), DateTime.now().plusDays(5),
                true);
        Season season = new BasicSeason("season name", availabilityPeriod);
        Rate seasonRate = new SeasonRate(standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, season);

        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        session.save(roomType);
//        session.save(room);

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();


        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        //        session.save(roomType);
        session.save(room);

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();

        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        session.save(season);

        session.save(seasonRate);

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
        // when
        session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
        final List<Rate> list = session.createQuery("from Rate").list();

        // then
        assertThat(list).contains(seasonRate);
        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();

    }

    @Test( expectedExceptions = org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException.class)
    public void season_rate_should_violate_db_constraints_when_saved_without_season()
    {
        // given
        Money standardPrice = Money.parse("USD 85");
        Money upchargeExtraPerson = Money.parse("USD 80");
        Money upchargeExtraBed = Money.parse("USD 75");
        RoomType roomType = getMeRoomType();
        final RoomName roomName = new RoomName("103");

        final Money roomStandardPrice = Money.parse("USD 100");
        final Money roomUpchargeExtraPerson = Money.parse("USD 50");
        final Money roomUpchargeExtraBed = Money.parse("USD 20");
        final RackRate rackRate = new RackRate(roomStandardPrice, roomUpchargeExtraPerson, roomUpchargeExtraBed, null);
        final int maxExtraBeds = 2;
        final Occupancy occupancy = new Occupancy(4, 2);
        Room room = new Room("C", roomName, roomType, HousekeepingStatus.CLEAN, RoomAvailability.AVAILABLE,
                maxExtraBeds, occupancy, standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed);


        AvailabilityPeriod availabilityPeriod = new AvailabilityPeriod(DateTime.now(), DateTime.now().plusDays(5),
                true);
        Season season = new BasicSeason("season name", availabilityPeriod);
        Rate seasonRate = new SeasonRate(standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, room, null);

        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        session.save(room);
        // when
        session.save(seasonRate);

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
        // then exception should be thrown
    }

//    @Test
//    public void package_rate_should_violate_db_constraints_when_saved_without_package()
//    {
//
//    }

    private RoomType getMeRoomType()
    {
        final RoomType roomType = new RoomType("cheap" + DateTime.now().toString());
        return roomType;
    }

    private Room getMeRoom(RoomType roomType)
    {
        final RoomName roomName = new RoomName("101001" + DateTime.now().toString());

        final Money standardPrice = Money.parse("USD 100");
        final Money upchargeExtraPerson = Money.parse("USD 50");
        final Money upchargeExtraBed = Money.parse("USD 20");
        final RackRate rackRate = new RackRate(standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed, null);
        final int maxExtraBeds = 2;
        final Occupancy occupancy = new Occupancy(4, 2);
        return new Room("C", roomName, roomType, HousekeepingStatus.CLEAN, RoomAvailability.AVAILABLE, maxExtraBeds,
                occupancy, standardPrice, upchargeExtraPerson, upchargeExtraBed);
    }

}

public class RatesPersistanceTest
{
受保护的SessionFactory SessionFactory；
受保护的HibernateSessionFactory HibernateSessionFactory；
@预处理法
public void setUpHibernate（）引发异常
{
Logger=mock（Logger.class）；
NativelyConfiguredHibernateSessionFactory hibernateSessionFactory=新建
本地配置的HibernateSessionFactory（记录器）；
this.sessionFactory=hibernateSessionFactory.getSessionFactory（）；
this.hibernateSessionFactory=hibernateSessionFactory；
}
@后置法
public void putItDown（）引发异常
{
sessionFactory.close（）；
}
@试验
public void应保存费率并通过成功检索费率（）
{
//给定
货币标准价格=货币解析（“85美元”）；
Money upchargeExtraPerson=Money.parse（“80美元”）；
货币加价附加=货币解析（“75美元”）；
RoomType RoomType=getMeRoomType（）；
房间=getMeRoom（房间类型）；
AvailabilityPeriod AvailabilityPeriod=新的AvailabilityPeriod（DateTime.now（），DateTime.now（）。plusDays（5），
正确的）；
季节=新的基本季节（“季节名称”，availabilityPeriod）；
费率季节费率=新的季节费率（标准价格、额外收费人员、额外收费床、房间、季节）；
Session Session=sessionFactory.openSession（）；
session.beginTransaction（）；
session.save（roomType）；
//保存（房间）；
session.getTransaction（）.commit（）；
session.close（）；
session=sessionFactory.openSession（）；
session.beginTransaction（）；
//session.save（roomType）；
保存（房间）；
session.getTransaction（）.commit（）；
session.close（）；
session=sessionFactory.openSession（）；
session.beginTransaction（）；
保存（季节）；
保存（季节性费率）；
session.getTransaction（）.commit（）；
session.close（）；
//什么时候
session=sessionFactory.openSession（）；
session.beginTransaction（）；
最终列表=session.createQuery（“从速率”）.List（）；
//然后
资产（清单）。包含（价格）；
session.getTransaction（）.commit（）；
session.close（）；
}
@测试（expectedExceptions=org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException.class）
公共无效季节率在没有季节的情况下保存时应违反db约束
{
//给定
货币标准价格=货币解析（“85美元”）；
Money upchargeExtraPerson=Money.parse（“80美元”）；
货币加价附加=货币解析（“75美元”）；
RoomType RoomType=getMeRoomType（）；
最终RoomName RoomName=新RoomName（“103”）；
最终货币标准价格=货币解析（“100美元”）；
最终货币roomUpchargeExtraPerson=Money.parse（“50美元”）；
最终货币roomUpchargeExtraBed=Money.parse（“20美元”）；
最终RackRate RackRate=新RackRate（roomStandardPrice，roomUpchargeExtraPerson，roomUpchargeExtraBed，null）；
最终int maxExtraBeds=2；
最终入住率=新入住率（4,2）；
Room Room=新房间（“C”，房间名称，房间类型，客房管理状态。清洁，RoomAvailability.AVAILABLE，
MaxExtrabed、入住率、标准价格、加价Extraped、加价Extrabed）；
AvailabilityPeriod AvailabilityPeriod=新的AvailabilityPeriod（DateTime.now（），DateTime.now（）。plusDays（5），
正确的）；
季节=新的基本季节（“季节名称”，availabilityPeriod）；
费率季节费率=新的季节费率（标准价格、加价加人、加价加床、房间、空）；
Session Session=sessionFactory.openSession（）；
session.beginTransaction（）；
保存（房间）；
//什么时候
保存（季节性费率）；
session.getTransaction（）.commit（）；
session.close（）；
//然后应该抛出异常
}
//@测试
//公共无效包\u比率\u在没有\u包（）的情况下保存\u时应\u违反\u db\u约束\u
//    {
//
//    }
private RoomType getMeRoomType（）
{
final-RoomType-RoomType=new-RoomType（“便宜”+DateTime.now（）.toString（））；
返回房间类型；
}
私人房间getMeRoom（RoomType RoomType）
{
final RoomName RoomName=新RoomName（“101001”+DateTime.now（）.toString（））；
最终货币标准价格=货币解析（“100美元”）；
最终支付的费用个人=货币
<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">org.h2.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:h2:mem:db1;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=0;MVCC=true</property>
        <property name="connection.username">sa</property>
        <property name="connection.password"/>

        <!-- JDBC connection pool (use the built-in) -->
        <property name="connection.pool_size">1</property>

        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect</property>

        <!-- Disable the second-level cache  -->
        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCachingRegionFactory</property>

        <!-- Enable Hibernate's automatic session context management -->
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>

        <!-- Echo all executed SQL to stdout -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>

        <!-- Drop and re-create the database schema on startup -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">create-drop</property>

       <!-- skipped mappings -->

    </session-factory>

</hibernate-configuration>

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:src/test/resources/test-context.xml" })
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = true)
public class TheDAOTest extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests {

    private static final Logger LOG = Logger.getLogger(TheDAOTest.class);

    // N.B. this will be wired AFTER @BeforeTest !!
    @Autowired TheDAO subject;

    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforeMethod() {
        final HibernateTemplate ht = subject.getHibernateTemplate();
        ht.deleteAll(subject.listCustomers());
    }

    @Test
    public void noCustomers() {
        final List<CustomerDTO> customers = subject.listCustomers();
        assert customers != null : "listCustomers null result";
        LOG.info("listCustomers: " + customers);
        assert customers.size() == 0 : "Expected zero customers";

        final CustomerDTO customer = subject.findCustomerById(0L);
        assert customer == null : "Unexpected customer found";
    }

    @Test
    public void saveAndFind() {
        final CustomerDTO dto1 = makeDTO("0");
        final CustomerDTO saved = subject.save(dto1);
        assert saved != null ;

        final Long id1 = saved.getId();
        CustomerDTO customer = subject.findCustomerById(id1);
        assert customer != null ;
        assert customer.getId().equals(id1);
        assert customer.getTN().equals(dto1.getTN());

        List<CustomerDTO> customers = subject.listCustomers();
        assert customers != null : "listCustomers null result";
        LOG.info("saveAndFind - listCustomers: " + customers);
        assert customers.size() == 1 : "Expected one customer";

        subject.save(makeDTO("1"));

        customer = subject.findCustomerById(id1);
        assert customer != null ;
        assert customer.getId().equals(id1);

        customers = subject.listCustomers();
        assert customers != null : "listCustomers null result";
        LOG.info("saveAndFind - listCustomers: " + customers);
        assert customers.size() == 2 : "Expected two customers";
   }

   private CustomerDTO makeDTO(final String x) {
       final CustomerDTO dto = new CustomerDTO();
       dto.setX(x);
       return dto;
   }

}

@Entity @Table(name = "customers") public class CustomerDTO {

    @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id = Long.MIN_VALUE;
    @Column private String X;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(final Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getX() {
        return this.X;
    }
    public void setX(final String x) {
        this.X = x;
    }
    //  etc. 
}

@Component
public class TheDAO {

    public List<CustomerDTO> listCustomers() {
        return getHibernateTemplate().loadAll(CustomerDTO.class);
    }

    public CustomerDTO getCustomer(final Long id) {
        return getHibernateTemplate().get(CustomerDTO.class, id);
    }

    public List<CustomerDTO> listCustomers() {
        return getHibernateTemplate().loadAll(CustomerDTO.class);
    }

    public <T> T save(final T valueObject) {
        getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(valueObject);
        return valueObject;
    }

    public void setHibernateTemplate(final HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {
        TheDAO.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;
    }

    CustomerDTO findCustomerById(final Long id) {
        return getHibernateTemplate().get(CustomerDTO.class, id);
    }

    HibernateTemplate getHibernateTemplate() {
        return TheDAO.hibernateTemplate;
    }
}

@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
    super.setUp();
    String dialectClassName = HSQLDialect.class.getName();
    AnnotationConfiguration config = new AnnotationConfiguration().addAnnotatedClass(DividendScheduleGeneratorImpl.class);

    config.setProperty(Environment.DIALECT, dialectClassName);
    config.setProperty(Environment.DRIVER, jdbcDriver.class.getName());
    config.setProperty(Environment.URL, "jdbc:hsqldb:mem:testDB");
    config.setProperty(Environment.USER, "SA");
    config.setProperty(Environment.PASS, "");

    SchemaExport export = new SchemaExport(config);
    export.create(false, true);

    sessions = config.buildSessionFactory();
}

@Override
protected void tearDown() throws Exception {
    sessions.close();
    sessions = null;

    super.tearDown();
}

jdbc:h2:mem:db1;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=0;MVCC=true

jdbc:h2:mem:<TESTNAME>;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=0;MVCC=true

@Test(singleThreaded=true)
public class RatesPersistanceTest