为什么在Java中,循环内的声明似乎比循环外的声明更快?

为什么在Java中,循环内的声明似乎比循环外的声明更快?,java,Java,当我检查时,我简直不敢相信,所以我测试了一下,似乎是真的。循环内的声明似乎比循环外的声明要快。有人能解释这是为什么吗 以下是我的测试代码: public class CycleTest { /** * @param args the command line arguments */ public static void main(String[] args) { long iterations = 1000000; warm

当我检查时,我简直不敢相信,所以我测试了一下,似乎是真的。循环内的声明似乎比循环外的声明要快。有人能解释这是为什么吗

以下是我的测试代码:

public class CycleTest {

    /**
     * @param args the command line arguments
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long iterations = 1000000;
        warmUp(iterations);
        System.out.println("Cycle1");
        double individualTime = getAverageTimePerIterationc1(iterations);
        iterations = 1000;
        double totalTime = getTotalTimec1(iterations);

        System.out.println("ns/iteration: " + individualTime);
        System.out.println("Total time for " + iterations + " runs: " + totalTime);

        System.out.println("Cycle2");
        iterations = 1000000;
        double individualTime1 = getAverageTimePerIterationc2(iterations);
        iterations = 1000;
        double totalTime1 = getTotalTimec2(iterations);

        System.out.println("ns/iteration: " + individualTime1);
        System.out.println("Total time for " + iterations + " runs: " + totalTime1);

    }

    public static void warmUp(long iterations) {
        System.out.println("Starting warmup");
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
            runCycles();
            runCycles1();
        }
    }

    public static double getAverageTimePerIterationc1(long iterations) {
        // test
        System.out.println("Starting individual time test");
        long timeTaken = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
            long startTime = System.nanoTime();
            runCycles();
            timeTaken += System.nanoTime() - startTime;
        }
        return (double) timeTaken / iterations;
    }

    public static long getTotalTimec1(long iterations) {
        // test
        System.out.println("Starting total time test");
        long timeTaken = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
            long startTime = System.nanoTime();
            runCycles();
            timeTaken += System.nanoTime() - startTime;
        }
        return timeTaken;
    }

    public static double getAverageTimePerIterationc2(long iterations) {
        // test
        System.out.println("Starting individual time test");
        long timeTaken = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
            long startTime = System.nanoTime();
            runCycles1();
            timeTaken += System.nanoTime() - startTime;
        }
        return (double) timeTaken / iterations;
    }

    public static long getTotalTimec2(long iterations) {
        // test
        System.out.println("Starting total time test");
        long timeTaken = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
            long startTime = System.nanoTime();
            runCycles1();
            timeTaken += System.nanoTime() - startTime;
        }
        return timeTaken;
    }

    private static void runCycles() {
        double intermediateResult;
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            intermediateResult = i;
            intermediateResult += 1;
        }
    }

    private static void runCycles1() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
            double intermediateResult = i;
            intermediateResult += 1;
        }
    }
}
公共类循环测试{
/**
*@param指定命令行参数
*/
公共静态void main(字符串[]args){
长迭代次数=1000000次;
预热(迭代);
系统输出打印项次(“循环1”);
double individualTime=GetAverageTimePacificationC1(迭代次数);
迭代次数=1000次;
double totalTime=getTotalTimec1(迭代);
System.out.println(“ns/迭代:+individualTime”);
System.out.println(“运行“+iterations+”的总时间:“+totalTime”);
System.out.println(“Cycle2”);
迭代次数=1000000次;
double individualTime1=GetAverageTimePacificationC2(迭代);
迭代次数=1000次;
double totalTime1=getTotalTimec2(迭代);
System.out.println(“ns/迭代:+individualTime1);
System.out.println(“运行“+iterations+”的总时间:“+totalTime1”);
}
公共静态无效预热(长迭代){
System.out.println(“开始预热”);
对于(int i=0;i

额外的新信息:我已经在JDK 1.6.0_27上的Windows机器上运行了它。

它们生成相同的代码。这两种方法:

private static void runCycles1() {
    double intermediateResult;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
        intermediateResult = i;
    }
}
private static void runCycles2() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
        double intermediateResult = i;
    }
}

它们最终都编译为空

是行
System.out.println(intermediateResult)在执行测试时注释掉了?该代码看起来非常熟悉;)@保罗博丁顿是的,这是为了避免过度输出。@Zymus是的。。。也许我们也能得到一些反馈。那不是很好吗P@RuslanLópezCarro问题在于,如果您注释掉该行,则不会使用指定的值,因此可能会完全优化循环(我并不声称理解这些事情)。如果我将其设置为实际使用该值执行某些操作(例如,
sum+=intermediateResult;
),则两个版本的时间都相似。然而,当我使用jdk1.8.0_25运行Andreas的精确代码时,我没有得到他的结果。对我来说,只有
runCycles1
进入
0
(即在循环外声明更快)。我已经试过好几次了,每次都很相似在代码中。我希望这可以生成不同的字节码。
runCycles1()                runCycles2()
Code:                       Code:
   0: iconst_0                 0: iconst_0                i = 0
   1: istore_2                 1: istore_0
   2: goto          11         2: goto          11        goto 11

   5: iload_2                  5: iload_0                 intermediateResult = (double)i
   6: i2d                      6: i2d
   7: dstore_0                 7: dstore_1
   8: iinc          2, 1       8: iinc          0, 1      i++

  11: iload_2                 11: iload_0                 if (i < 1000) goto 5
  12: sipush        1000      12: sipush        1000
  15: if_icmplt     5         15: if_icmplt     5
  18: return                  18: return                  return
for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
    long t1 = System.nanoTime();
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000_000_000; i++)
        runCycles1();
    long t2 = System.nanoTime();
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000_000_000; i++)
        runCycles2();
    long t3 = System.nanoTime();
    System.out.printf("%d  %d%n", t2 - t1, t3 - t2);
}
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