Java-如何导入外部包？

我对Java还是比较陌生的。我尝试过寻找解决方案，但我认为我对Java的了解还不够，甚至不知道应该搜索什么

我想尝试一下语音识别，所以我下载了CMU的Sphinx-4源代码并编译了它。一旦一切正常，我就能很好地运行包含的演示。接下来，我在保存Sphinx-4目录的目录中为我的代码创建了一个目录（/Jarvis/）。在Sphinx-4源目录中，有一长串目录指向我玩过的演示（/Sphinx4-1.0beta6/src/apps/edu/cmu/Sphinx/demo/）。demo文件夹中有一个HelloWorld目录，其中包含使用Sphinx-4函数的简单程序的源代码。我的第一个目标是让这个演示的副本在我为自己的代码设置的目录中工作。所以我制作了HelloWorld文件的副本，并将它们放在我的Jarvis目录中。重命名并更改了代码，使以前的HelloWorld现在都是Jarvis。不幸的是，我遇到的问题并不像命名问题那么简单，而是找到包的路径

对于Java，我过去只使用了一个简单的“javac example.Java”命令来编译代码。我猜在这种情况下我可能需要更多的东西，但我不确定到底是什么。当尝试以这种方式编译时，我会得到以下错误：

Jarvis.java:15: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone;
                                   ^
Jarvis.java:16: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer;
                                ^
Jarvis.java:17: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.result does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.result.Result;
                            ^
Jarvis.java:18: error: package edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props does not exist
import edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props.ConfigurationManager;
                                ^
Jarvis.java:28: error: cannot find symbol
        ConfigurationManager cm;
        ^
  symbol:   class ConfigurationManager
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:31: error: cannot find symbol
            cm = new ConfigurationManager(args[0]);
                     ^
  symbol:   class ConfigurationManager
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:33: error: cannot find symbol
            cm = new ConfigurationManager(Jarvis.class.getResource("jarvis.config.xml"));
                     ^
  symbol:   class ConfigurationManager
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:36: error: cannot find symbol
        Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
        ^
  symbol:   class Recognizer
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:36: error: cannot find symbol
        Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
                                 ^
  symbol:   class Recognizer
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:40: error: cannot find symbol
        Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
        ^
  symbol:   class Microphone
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:40: error: cannot find symbol
        Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
                                 ^
  symbol:   class Microphone
  location: class Jarvis
Jarvis.java:53: error: cannot find symbol
            Result result = recognizer.recognize();
            ^
  symbol:   class Result
  location: class Jarvis
12 errors

所以我想包括那些丢失的包裹。我知道这和代码中如何定义路径有关，但我对Java的了解还不够，还不知道如何准确地定义这些路径。我是否应该在代码中修改更多内容？我应该以不同的方式执行编译吗？只要朝着正确的方向推动一下就会很有用

下面我包含了最初来自HelloWorld演示的4个文件，我对其进行了轻微的命名修改

谢谢你抽出时间

Jarvis.java：

package jarvis.jarvis;

import edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.result.Result;
import edu.cmu.sphinx.util.props.ConfigurationManager;


/**
 * A simple HelloWorld demo showing a simple speech application built using Sphinx-4. This application uses the Sphinx-4
 * endpointer, which automatically segments incoming audio into utterances and silences.
 */
public class Jarvis {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
            ConfigurationManager cm;

        if (args.length > 0) {
            cm = new ConfigurationManager(args[0]);
        } else {
            cm = new ConfigurationManager(Jarvis.class.getResource("jarvis.config.xml"));
        }

        Recognizer recognizer = (Recognizer) cm.lookup("recognizer");
        recognizer.allocate();

        // start the microphone or exit if the programm if this is not possible
        Microphone microphone = (Microphone) cm.lookup("microphone");
        if (!microphone.startRecording()) {
            System.out.println("Cannot start microphone.");
            recognizer.deallocate();
            System.exit(1);
        }

        System.out.println("Say: (Good morning | Hello) ( Bhiksha | Evandro | Paul | Philip | Rita | Will )");

        // loop the recognition until the programm exits.
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("Start speaking. Press Ctrl-C to quit.\n");

            Result result = recognizer.recognize();

            if (result != null) {
                String resultText = result.getBestFinalResultNoFiller();
                System.out.println("You said: " + resultText + '\n');
            } else {
                System.out.println("I can't hear what you said.\n");
            }
        }
    }
}

jarvis.config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
   Sphinx-4 Configuration file
-->

<!-- ******************************************************** -->
<!--  an4 configuration file                             -->
<!-- ******************************************************** -->

<config>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- frequently tuned properties                              -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <property name="logLevel" value="WARNING"/>

    <property name="absoluteBeamWidth"  value="-1"/>
    <property name="relativeBeamWidth"  value="1E-80"/>
    <property name="wordInsertionProbability" value="1E-36"/>
    <property name="languageWeight"     value="8"/>

    <property name="frontend" value="epFrontEnd"/>
    <property name="recognizer" value="recognizer"/>
    <property name="showCreations" value="false"/>


    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- word recognizer configuration                            -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="recognizer" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.recognizer.Recognizer">
        <property name="decoder" value="decoder"/>
        <propertylist name="monitors">
            <item>accuracyTracker </item>
            <item>speedTracker </item>
            <item>memoryTracker </item>
        </propertylist>
    </component>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The Decoder   configuration                              -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="decoder" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.Decoder">
        <property name="searchManager" value="searchManager"/>
    </component>

    <component name="searchManager"
        type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.search.SimpleBreadthFirstSearchManager">
        <property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
        <property name="linguist" value="flatLinguist"/>
        <property name="pruner" value="trivialPruner"/>
        <property name="scorer" value="threadedScorer"/>
        <property name="activeListFactory" value="activeList"/>
    </component>


    <component name="activeList"
             type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.search.PartitionActiveListFactory">
        <property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
        <property name="absoluteBeamWidth" value="${absoluteBeamWidth}"/>
        <property name="relativeBeamWidth" value="${relativeBeamWidth}"/>
    </component>

    <component name="trivialPruner"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.pruner.SimplePruner"/>

    <component name="threadedScorer"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.decoder.scorer.ThreadedAcousticScorer">
        <property name="frontend" value="${frontend}"/>
    </component>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The linguist  configuration                              -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="flatLinguist"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.flat.FlatLinguist">
        <property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
        <property name="grammar" value="jsgfGrammar"/>
        <property name="acousticModel" value="wsj"/>
        <property name="wordInsertionProbability"
                value="${wordInsertionProbability}"/>
        <property name="languageWeight" value="${languageWeight}"/>
        <property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
    </component>


    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The Grammar  configuration                               -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="jsgfGrammar" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.jsgf.JSGFGrammar">
        <property name="dictionary" value="dictionary"/>
        <property name="grammarLocation"
             value="resource:/edu/cmu/sphinx/demo/jarvis/"/>
        <property name="grammarName" value="jarvis"/>
    <property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
    </component>


    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The Dictionary configuration                            -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="dictionary"
        type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.dictionary.FastDictionary">
        <property name="dictionaryPath"
     value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz/dict/cmudict.0.6d"/>
        <property name="fillerPath"
     value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz/noisedict"/>
        <property name="addSilEndingPronunciation" value="false"/>
        <property name="allowMissingWords" value="false"/>
        <property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
    </component>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The acoustic model configuration                         -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <component name="wsj"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.tiedstate.TiedStateAcousticModel">
        <property name="loader" value="wsjLoader"/>
        <property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
    </component>

    <component name="wsjLoader" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.tiedstate.Sphinx3Loader">
        <property name="logMath" value="logMath"/>
        <property name="unitManager" value="unitManager"/>
        <property name="location" value="resource:/WSJ_8gau_13dCep_16k_40mel_130Hz_6800Hz"/>
    </component>


    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The unit manager configuration                           -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="unitManager"
        type="edu.cmu.sphinx.linguist.acoustic.UnitManager"/>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The frontend configuration                               -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="frontEnd" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.FrontEnd">
        <propertylist name="pipeline">
            <item>microphone </item>
            <item>preemphasizer </item>
            <item>windower </item>
            <item>fft </item>
            <item>melFilterBank </item>
            <item>dct </item>
            <item>liveCMN </item>
            <item>featureExtraction </item>
        </propertylist>
    </component>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The live frontend configuration                          -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <component name="epFrontEnd" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.FrontEnd">
        <propertylist name="pipeline">
            <item>microphone </item>
            <item>dataBlocker </item>
            <item>speechClassifier </item>
            <item>speechMarker </item>
            <item>nonSpeechDataFilter </item>
            <item>preemphasizer </item>
            <item>windower </item>
            <item>fft </item>
            <item>melFilterBank </item>
            <item>dct </item>
            <item>liveCMN </item>
            <item>featureExtraction </item>
        </propertylist>
    </component>

    <!-- ******************************************************** -->
    <!-- The frontend pipelines                                   -->
    <!-- ******************************************************** -->

    <component name="dataBlocker" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.DataBlocker">
        <!--<property name="blockSizeMs" value="10"/>-->
    </component>

    <component name="speechClassifier"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.SpeechClassifier">
        <property name="threshold" value="13"/>
    </component>

    <component name="nonSpeechDataFilter"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.NonSpeechDataFilter"/>

    <component name="speechMarker"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.endpoint.SpeechMarker" >
        <property name="speechTrailer" value="50"/>
    </component>


    <component name="preemphasizer"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.filter.Preemphasizer"/>

    <component name="windower"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.window.RaisedCosineWindower">
    </component>

    <component name="fft"
            type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.transform.DiscreteFourierTransform">
    </component>

    <component name="melFilterBank"
        type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.frequencywarp.MelFrequencyFilterBank">
    </component>

    <component name="dct"
            type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.transform.DiscreteCosineTransform"/>

    <component name="liveCMN"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.feature.LiveCMN"/>

    <component name="featureExtraction"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.feature.DeltasFeatureExtractor"/>

    <component name="microphone"
               type="edu.cmu.sphinx.frontend.util.Microphone">
        <property name="closeBetweenUtterances" value="false"/>
    </component>


    <!-- ******************************************************* -->
    <!--  monitors                                               -->
    <!-- ******************************************************* -->

    <component name="accuracyTracker"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.BestPathAccuracyTracker">
        <property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
        <property name="showAlignedResults" value="false"/>
        <property name="showRawResults" value="false"/>
    </component>

    <component name="memoryTracker"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.MemoryTracker">
        <property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
    <property name="showSummary" value="false"/>
    <property name="showDetails" value="false"/>
    </component>

    <component name="speedTracker"
                type="edu.cmu.sphinx.instrumentation.SpeedTracker">
        <property name="recognizer" value="${recognizer}"/>
        <property name="frontend" value="${frontend}"/>
    <property name="showSummary" value="true"/>
    <property name="showDetails" value="false"/>
    </component>


    <!-- ******************************************************* -->
    <!--  Miscellaneous components                               -->
    <!-- ******************************************************* -->

    <component name="logMath" type="edu.cmu.sphinx.util.LogMath">
        <property name="logBase" value="1.0001"/>
        <property name="useAddTable" value="true"/>
    </component>

</config>

使用“-classpath”选项告诉

javac

在哪里可以找到所有需要的类

javac -classpath lib/blablabla.jar;lib/foobar.jar

.

编译器使用“类路径”查找所需的库。设置类路径的方法有很多：一种是使用CLASSPATH环境变量，另一种是使用

-CLASSPATH

命令行开关。总之，您可以使用以下工具进行编译：

javac -classpath path/to/sphinx.jar jarvis/Jarvis.java

您可以在中找到完整的文档

---

另一件事：您的Jarvis类声明它位于一个名为

Jarvis.Jarvis

的包中，因此该类的完全限定名为

Jarvis.Jarvis.Jarvis

。。。不确定这是你想要的。

太好了。是的，这可能不是我的意思。非常感谢。

javac -classpath lib/blablabla.jar;lib/foobar.jar

javac -classpath path/to/sphinx.jar jarvis/Jarvis.java