Java 未能延迟初始化角色集合：User.authorities，无法初始化代理-无会话

在我的Spring Boot/Data/JPA应用程序中，我有以下实体：

@Entity
@NamedEntityGraph(name = "graph.User", attributeNodes = { @NamedAttributeNode("authorities") })
@Table(name = "users")
public class User extends BaseEntity implements UserDetails {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 8884184875433252086L;

    @Id
    @SequenceGenerator(name = "users_id_seq", sequenceName = "users_id_seq", allocationSize = 1)
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO, generator = "users_id_seq")
    private Long id;

    ...

    @JsonIgnore
    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
    @JoinTable(name = "users_authorities", joinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "user_id") }, inverseJoinColumns = { @JoinColumn(name = "authority_id") })
    private Set<Authority> authorities = new HashSet<Authority>();

}

在应用程序启动期间，我收到以下异常：

org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.example.common.model.user.User.authorities, could not initialize proxy - no Session
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:576)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.withTemporarySessionIfNeeded(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:215)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:555)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:143)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.iterator(PersistentSet.java:180)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationToken.<init>(AbstractAuthenticationToken.java:61)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.<init>(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.java:72)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.createSuccessAuthentication(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:224)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.authenticate(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:196)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:167)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:192)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.attemptAuthentication(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.java:93)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:217)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:120)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:213)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:176)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:262)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.MetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(MetricsFilter.java:103)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException:未能延迟初始化角色集合：com.example.common.model.user.user.authorities，无法初始化代理-无会话
位于org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.ThrowlazyiInitializationException（AbstractPersistentCollection.java:576）
位于org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.WithTemporarySessionIneed（AbstractPersistentCollection.java:215）
位于org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize（AbstractPersistentCollection.java:555）
位于org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read（AbstractPersistentCollection.java:143）
位于org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.iterator（PersistentSet.java:180）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationToken.（AbstractAuthenticationToken.java:61）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken。（UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.java:72）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.createSuccessAuthentication（AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:224）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.authenticate（AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:196）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate（ProviderManager.java:167）
位于org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate（ProviderManager.java:192）
位于org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.attemptAuthentication（UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.java:93）
位于org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter（AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:217）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:330）
位于org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter（LogoutFilter.java:120）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:330）
位于org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal（HeaderWriterFilter.java:64）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter（OncePerRequestFilter.java:107）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:330）
位于org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter（SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:330）
位于org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal（WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter（OncePerRequestFilter.java:107）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:330）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal（FilterChainProxy.java:213）
位于org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter（FilterChainProxy.java:176）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate（DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter（DelegatingFilterProxy.java:262）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:240）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:207）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal（CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter（OncePerRequestFilter.java:107）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:240）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:207）
位于org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.MetricsFilter.doFilterInternal（MetricsFilter.java:103）
位于org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter（OncePerRequestFilter.java:107）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:240）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter（ApplicationFilterChain.java:207）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke（StandardWrapperValve.java:212）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke（StandardContextValve.java:106）
位于org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke（AuthenticatorBase.java:502）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke（StandardHostValve.java:141）
位于org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke（ErrorReportValve.java:79）
位于org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke（StandardEngineValve.java:88）
位于org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service（CoyoteAdapter.java:522）
位于org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process（AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095）
位于org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process（AbstractProtocol.java:672）
位于org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun（NioEndpoint.java:1500）
位于org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run（NioEndpoint.java:1456）
位于java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker（ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142）
位于java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run（ThreadPoolE
org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.example.common.model.user.User.authorities, could not initialize proxy - no Session
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:576)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.withTemporarySessionIfNeeded(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:215)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:555)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:143)
    at org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.iterator(PersistentSet.java:180)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationToken.<init>(AbstractAuthenticationToken.java:61)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.<init>(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.java:72)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.createSuccessAuthentication(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:224)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.authenticate(AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.java:196)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:167)
    at org.springframework.security.authentication.ProviderManager.authenticate(ProviderManager.java:192)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.attemptAuthentication(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.java:93)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:217)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:120)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.header.HeaderWriterFilter.doFilterInternal(HeaderWriterFilter.java:64)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:91)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.context.request.async.WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.doFilterInternal(WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter.java:53)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:213)
    at org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:176)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:262)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:121)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.MetricsFilter.doFilterInternal(MetricsFilter.java:103)
    at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106)
    at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141)
    at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88)
    at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:522)
    at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1095)
    at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:672)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1500)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1456)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

User user = userService.findByUsername(username);
user.getAuthorities().size(); //You may need call this line in userService.findByUsername(username); method

public Set<Authority> getAuthorities(){
    return authorities;
}

@ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)