java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:org/eclipse/persistence/jpa/PersistenceProvider与Tomcat和EclipseLink

我一直在尝试将一个项目从Glassfish+EclipseLink+Derby迁移到Tomcat+EclipseLink+MySql。 该应用程序可以很好地部署在Glassfish上。然而，当我试图将它部署到Tomcat上时，我得到了以下错误

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/eclipse/persistence/jpa/PersistenceProvider
    org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.EclipseLinkJpaVendorAdapter.<init>(EclipseLinkJpaVendorAdapter.java:54)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
    org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:148)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:87)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1000)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:953)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:487)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:323)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:107)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1387)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1128)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:439)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactoryUtils.beansOfTypeIncludingAncestors(BeanFactoryUtils.java:277)
    org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.detectPersistenceExceptionTranslators(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
    org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79)
    org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.<init>(PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:71)
    org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory(PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:85)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1502)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1470)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:198)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:741)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:464)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:651)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:599)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:665)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:518)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:459)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:160)
    org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:100)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:409)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1044)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:607)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2441)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2430)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:org/eclipse/persistence/jpa/PersistenceProvider
org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.eclipseelinkjpavendoradapter.（eclipseelinkjpavendoradapter.java:54）
sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0（本机方法）
sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance（NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57）
sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance（DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45）
newInstance（Constructor.java:526）
org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.InstanceClass（BeanUtils.java:148）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstallationStrategy.instantiate（SimpleInstallationStrategy.java:87）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.InstanceBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1000）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:953）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:487）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject（AbstractBeanFactory.java:295）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton（DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:292）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:194）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference（BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:323）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.ResolveValueIfNeeded（BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:107）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1387）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1128）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject（AbstractBeanFactory.java:295）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton（DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:292）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:198）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeansOfType（DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:439）
BeanFactoryUtils.beansoftypeIncludingOriends（BeanFactoryUtils.java:277）
org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.DetectPersistenceExceptionTranslationTranslator（PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139）
org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor。（PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:79）
org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.（PersistenceExceptionTranslationAdvisor.java:71）
org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.setBeanFactory（PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor.java:85）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeAwareMethods（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1502）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1470）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean（AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject（AbstractBeanFactory.java:295）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton（DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:292）
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean（AbstractBeanFactory.java:198）
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.registerBeanPostProcessors（AbstractApplicationContext.java:741）
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh（AbstractApplicationContext.java:464）
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext（FrameworkServlet.java:651）
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext（FrameworkServlet.java:599）
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext（FrameworkServlet.java:665）
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext（FrameworkServlet.java:518）
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean（FrameworkServlet.java:459）
org.springframework。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cdac</groupId>
    <artifactId>CDAC-CMS</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>CDAC-CMS</name>

    <properties>
        <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <netbeans.hint.deploy.server>gfv3ee6</netbeans.hint.deploy.server>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-instrument</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-instrument-tomcat</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-struts</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.8.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency> 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>eclipselink</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.persistence</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.modelgen.processor</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
            <version>4.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
            <version>16.0.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
            <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>3.6</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.portlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>portlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>9.1-901-1.jdbc4</version>
        </dependency>        

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <compilerArguments>
                        <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
                    </compilerArguments>
                    <debug>false</debug>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.6</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>validate</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
                            <silent>true</silent>
                            <artifactItems>
                                <artifactItem>
                                    <groupId>javax</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
                                    <version>7.0</version>
                                    <type>jar</type>
                                </artifactItem>
                            </artifactItems>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
  <persistence-unit name="PersistenceUnit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
    <provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider>
    <class>com.cdac.cms.core.entity.Center</class>
    <class>com.cdac.cms.core.entity.ClassroomPurpose</class>
    <exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes>
    <shared-cache-mode>NONE</shared-cache-mode>
    <properties>
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url"
        value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/cdac_cms" />
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="test" />
      <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="test" />  

      <property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action" value="create"/>
      <property name="eclipselink.cache.type.default" value="NONE"/>
      <property name="eclipselink.flush-clear.cache" value="Drop"/>
      <property name="eclipselink.ddl-generation" value="create-or-extend-tables" />
    </properties>
  </persistence-unit>
</persistence>