Java 如何在多个类中使用@RabbitListener？

我有一个使用RabbitMQ（springbootstarteramqp）的Spring应用程序

我想知道是否可以跨不同的类使用

@RabbitListener

注释

我目前有两个类：

Receiver

和

DeadLetterQueue

Receiver.java

：

@Component
@Slf4j
public class Receiver {

  private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

  @RabbitListener(queues = "queueName")
  public void receiveMessage(String message) throws Exception {
    logger.info("Received <{}>" + message.toString());

    throw new Exception("Error with the message");
  }

@Component
@Slf4j
public class DeadLetterQueue {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @RabbitListener(queues = "otherQueueName")
    public void processFailedMessages(String message) {
        logger.info("Received failed message<{}>:" + message.toString());
    }
}

@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "rabbitmq")
public class RabbitMqConfig {

  private String host;
  private int port;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private String queue;
  private String exchange;
  private String dlq;
  private String dlx;
  private String routingKey;

  @Bean
  Queue incomingQueue() {
    return QueueBuilder.durable(queue)
            .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", dlx)
            .build();
  }

  @Bean
  FanoutExchange deadLetterExchange() {
    return new FanoutExchange(dlx);
  }

  @Bean
  Queue deadLetterQueue() {
    return QueueBuilder.durable(dlq).build();
  }

  @Bean
  Binding deadLetterBinding() {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(deadLetterQueue()).to(deadLetterExchange());
  }

  @Bean
  DirectExchange incomingQueueExchange() {
    return new DirectExchange(exchange);
  }

  @Bean
  Binding incomingQueueBinding() {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(incomingQueue()).to(incomingQueueExchange()).with(queue);
  }

RabbitMqConfig.java

：

@Component
@Slf4j
public class Receiver {

  private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

  @RabbitListener(queues = "queueName")
  public void receiveMessage(String message) throws Exception {
    logger.info("Received <{}>" + message.toString());

    throw new Exception("Error with the message");
  }

@Component
@Slf4j
public class DeadLetterQueue {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    @RabbitListener(queues = "otherQueueName")
    public void processFailedMessages(String message) {
        logger.info("Received failed message<{}>:" + message.toString());
    }
}

@Data
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "rabbitmq")
public class RabbitMqConfig {

  private String host;
  private int port;
  private String username;
  private String password;
  private String queue;
  private String exchange;
  private String dlq;
  private String dlx;
  private String routingKey;

  @Bean
  Queue incomingQueue() {
    return QueueBuilder.durable(queue)
            .withArgument("x-dead-letter-exchange", dlx)
            .build();
  }

  @Bean
  FanoutExchange deadLetterExchange() {
    return new FanoutExchange(dlx);
  }

  @Bean
  Queue deadLetterQueue() {
    return QueueBuilder.durable(dlq).build();
  }

  @Bean
  Binding deadLetterBinding() {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(deadLetterQueue()).to(deadLetterExchange());
  }

  @Bean
  DirectExchange incomingQueueExchange() {
    return new DirectExchange(exchange);
  }

  @Bean
  Binding incomingQueueBinding() {
    return BindingBuilder.bind(incomingQueue()).to(incomingQueueExchange()).with(queue);
  }

当我使用RabbitMQ管理工具将消息发布到FanoutExchange时，

DeadLetterQueue

类中的

processFailedMessages

不会将任何内容记录到控制台。但是，如果此方法在

Receiver

类中，则一切正常。这让我想到，

@RabbitListener

不能跨多个类工作，除非我缺少一些配置

其他资料：

• 我正在使用Docker运行RabbitMQ服务器
• 奇怪的是，如果我将

  receiveMessage（）

  方法放在

  DeadLetterQueue

  类中，期望值就会失败

---

因此：是否可以使用

@RabbitListener在多个类中定义队列？

是的，您可以在同一个类或多个类中拥有任意多个

@RabbitListener

，只要这些类在Springbean中使用即可

由于这两个组件上都有

@组件

，它应该可以正常工作，除非

死信队列

位于Spring Boot未扫描的包中

Boot只查看主

@springbootplication

所在的包和子包

您可以为

org.springframework

启用

DEBUG

日志记录，以记录应用程序初始化期间的所有bean创建

我正在使用Docker运行RabbitMQ服务器

经纪人的位置无关紧要