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Javascript 使用Node.js HTTP服务器获取并设置单个Cookie

javascript node.js cookies

Javascript 使用Node.js HTTP服务器获取并设置单个Cookie,javascript,node.js,cookies,httpserver,Javascript,Node.js,Cookies,Httpserver,我希望能够设置一个cookie，并在向nodejs服务器实例发出的每个请求中读取该cookie。它可以在几行代码中完成，而不需要引入第三方库吗 var http = require('http'); http.createServer(function (request, response) { response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'}); response.end('Hello World\n'); }).liste

我希望能够设置一个cookie，并在向nodejs服务器实例发出的每个请求中读取该cookie。它可以在几行代码中完成，而不需要引入第三方库吗

var http = require('http');

http.createServer(function (request, response) {
  response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
  response.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(8124);

console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/');

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
只需尝试直接从nodejs.org获取上述代码，并将cookie放入其中。

Cookies被传输
var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
您只需解析请求头并放置响应头。

没有获取/设置cookie的快速函数访问，因此我想出了以下方法：

var http = require('http');

function parseCookies (request) {
    var list = {},
        rc = request.headers.cookie;

    rc && rc.split(';').forEach(function( cookie ) {
        var parts = cookie.split('=');
        list[parts.shift().trim()] = decodeURI(parts.join('='));
    });

    return list;
}


http.createServer(function (request, response) {

  // To Read a Cookie
  var cookies = parseCookies(request);

  // To Write a Cookie
  response.writeHead(200, {
    'Set-Cookie': 'mycookie=test',
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
  });
  response.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(8124);

console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/');

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
这将把所有cookies存储到cookies对象中，您需要在写入磁头时设置cookies。

您可以使用“cookies”npm模块，该模块具有一套全面的功能

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
文档和示例位于：

如果像许多node.js开发人员一样使用express库，有一种更简单的方法。有关更多信息，请查看Express.js文档页面

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
上面的解析示例可以工作，但express为您提供了一个很好的函数：

app.use(express.cookieParser());

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
要设置cookie，请执行以下操作：

res.cookie('cookiename', 'cookievalue', { maxAge: 900000, httpOnly: true });

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
要清除cookie，请执行以下操作：

res.clearCookie('cookiename');

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
这里有一个整洁的copy-n-paste补丁，用于管理节点中的Cookie。为了美观，我会在咖啡脚本中这样做

http = require 'http'

http.IncomingMessage::getCookie = (name) ->
  cookies = {}
  this.headers.cookie && this.headers.cookie.split(';').forEach (cookie) ->
    parts = cookie.split '='
    cookies[parts[0].trim()] = (parts[1] || '').trim()
    return

  return cookies[name] || null

http.IncomingMessage::getCookies = ->
  cookies = {}
  this.headers.cookie && this.headers.cookie.split(';').forEach (cookie) ->
    parts = cookie.split '='
    cookies[parts[0].trim()] = (parts[1] || '').trim()
    return

  return cookies

http.OutgoingMessage::setCookie = (name, value, exdays, domain, path) ->
  cookies = this.getHeader 'Set-Cookie'
  if typeof cookies isnt 'object'
    cookies = []

  exdate = new Date()
  exdate.setDate(exdate.getDate() + exdays);
  cookieText = name+'='+value+';expires='+exdate.toUTCString()+';'
  if domain
    cookieText += 'domain='+domain+';'
  if path
    cookieText += 'path='+path+';'

  cookies.push cookieText
  this.setHeader 'Set-Cookie', cookies
  return

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
现在，您将能够像预期的那样处理cookies：

server = http.createServer (request, response) ->
  #get individually
  cookieValue = request.getCookie 'testCookie'
  console.log 'testCookie\'s value is '+cookieValue

  #get altogether
  allCookies = request.getCookies()
  console.log allCookies

  #set
  response.setCookie 'newCookie', 'cookieValue', 30

  response.end 'I luvs da cookies';
  return

server.listen 8080

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
要获取cookie拆分器以处理cookie值中包含“=”的cookie，请执行以下操作：

var get_cookies = function(request) {
  var cookies = {};
  request.headers && request.headers.cookie.split(';').forEach(function(cookie) {
    var parts = cookie.match(/(.*?)=(.*)$/)
    cookies[ parts[1].trim() ] = (parts[2] || '').trim();
  });
  return cookies;
};

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
然后，要获取单个cookie：

get_cookies(request)['my_cookie']

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
为了增强@Corey Hart的回答，我重写了
parseCookies（）
：

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
  • -使用正则表达式解析“name=value”字符串
以下是工作示例：

let http = require('http');

function parseCookies(str) {
  let rx = /([^;=\s]*)=([^;]*)/g;
  let obj = { };
  for ( let m ; m = rx.exec(str) ; )
    obj[ m[1] ] = decodeURIComponent( m[2] );
  return obj;
}

function stringifyCookies(cookies) {
  return Object.entries( cookies )
    .map( ([k,v]) => k + '=' + encodeURIComponent(v) )
    .join( '; ');
}

http.createServer(function ( request, response ) {
  let cookies = parseCookies( request.headers.cookie );
  console.log( 'Input cookies: ', cookies );
  cookies.search = 'google';
  if ( cookies.counter )
    cookies.counter++;
  else
    cookies.counter = 1;
  console.log( 'Output cookies: ', cookies );
  response.writeHead( 200, {
    'Set-Cookie': stringifyCookies(cookies),
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
  } );
  response.end('Hello World\n');
} ).listen(1234);

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
我还注意到OP使用http模块。 如果OP正在使用，他可以使用：

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
RevNoah给出了最好的答案，建议使用Express的。但是，这个答案已经有3年历史了，已经过时了

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
使用，您可以按如下方式读取cookie

var express = require('express');
var cookieParser = require('cookie-parser');
var app = express();
app.use(cookieParser());
app.get('/myapi', function(req, resp) {
   console.log(req.cookies['Your-Cookie-Name-Here']);
})

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
并用以下内容更新您的
package.json
，替换相应的相对最新版本

"dependencies": {
    "express": "4.12.3",
    "cookie-parser": "1.4.0"
  },

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
更多的操作，如设置和解析cookie，将在本文中介绍
而且

首先需要创建cookie（我在cookie中包装了令牌作为示例），然后设置它作为响应

app.use(cookieParser());

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
浏览器将其保存在“资源”选项卡中，并将用于此后以初始URL为基础的每个请求

var token = student.generateToken('authentication');
        res.cookie('token', token, {
            expires: new Date(Date.now() + 9999999),
            httpOnly: false
        }).status(200).send();

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
从服务器端的请求中获取cookie也很容易。您必须通过调用请求对象的“cookie”属性从请求中提取cookie

var token = req.cookies.token; // Retrieving Token stored in cookies

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});
如果您不关心
cookie中的内容，而只想使用它，请使用（一个流行的节点模块）尝试这种干净的方法：


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


使用一些ES5/6魔法和正则表达式魔法
这里有一个选项，可以读取cookie并将其转换为密钥、值对的对象，用于客户端，也可以用于服务器端


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


注意：如果值中有
=
，无需担心。如果钥匙里有一个
=
，天堂里就会有麻烦


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


更多注释：有些人可能会认为可读性差，所以可以随意分解


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


我喜欢Notes：添加错误处理程序（try-catch）不会有什么坏处


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});





var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


发生了什么事？

iLikeCookies（）
将按
拆分cookies（在
之后加空格；
）：


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


然后，我们映射该数组，并使用以下方法按第一次出现的
=
进行拆分：


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});





var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


然后使用我们的friend`Object.fromEntries使其成为键、val对的对象


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});



不知道。
我写了这个简单的函数

var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});



req.headers.cookie
和cookie名称


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});



const getCookieByName =(cookies,name)=>{
    const arrOfCookies = cookies.split(' ')
    let yourCookie = null

    arrOfCookies.forEach(element => {
        if(element.includes(name)){
            yourCookie = element.replace(name+'=','')
        }
    });
    return yourCookie
}



让我重复一下问题的这一部分，这里的答案被忽略了：


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});


它可以在几行代码中完成，而不需要引入第三方库吗


var http = require('http');

http.createServer(function (request, response) {
  response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
  response.end('Hello World\n');
}).listen(8124);

console.log('Server running at http://127.0.0.1:8124/');



var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});




阅读饼干
Cookie是从带有
Cookie
头的请求中读取的。它们只包括
名称
和
值
。由于路径的工作方式，可以发送多个同名cookie。在NodeJS中，所有Cookie在
Cookie
头中发送时都作为一个字符串。您可以使用
拆分它们。一旦有了cookie，等号左边的所有内容（如果存在）都是
名称
，后面的所有内容都是
值
。一些浏览器会接受不带等号的cookie，并假定名称为空。空白不算作cookie的一部分。值也可以用双引号（
“
）包装。值还可以包含
=
。例如，
公式=5+3=8
是有效的cookie


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});



/**
 * @param {string} [cookieString='']
 * @return {[string,string][]} String Tuple
 */
function getEntriesFromCookie(cookieString = '') {
  return cookieString.split(';').map((pair) => {
    const indexOfEquals = pair.indexOf('=');
    let name;
    let value;
    if (indexOfEquals === -1) {
      name = '';
      value = pair.trim();
    } else {
      name = pair.substr(0, indexOfEquals).trim();
      value = pair.substr(indexOfEquals + 1).trim();
    }
    const firstQuote = value.indexOf('"');
    const lastQuote = value.lastIndexOf('"');
    if (firstQuote !== -1 && lastQuote !== -1) {
      value = value.substring(firstQuote + 1, lastQuote);
    }
    return [name, value];
  });
}

const cookieEntries = getEntriesFromCookie(request.headers.Cookie); 
const object = Object.fromEntries(cookieEntries.slice().reverse());


如果您不需要重复的名称，那么您可以转换为一个对象，使事情变得更简单。然后您可以访问像
object.myookiename
这样的对象来获取值。如果您需要重复的名称，那么您需要迭代
cookieEntries
。浏览器以降序优先级提供Cookie，因此反转可以确保最高优先级的cookie出现在对象中。（
.slice（）
是为了避免数组的变异。）


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});




设置Cookies
“写入”Cookie是通过在响应中使用
Set Cookie
标题来完成的。
response.headers['Set-Cookie']
对象实际上是一个数组，因此您将推送到它。它接受一个字符串，但其值不仅仅是
name
和
value
。最困难的部分是写入字符串，但这可以在一行中完成


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});



/**
 * @param {Object} options
 * @param {string} [options.name='']
 * @param {string} [options.value='']
 * @param {Date} [options.expires]
 * @param {number} [options.maxAge]
 * @param {string} [options.domain]
 * @param {string} [options.path]
 * @param {boolean} [options.secure]
 * @param {boolean} [options.httpOnly]
 * @param {'Strict'|'Lax'|'None'} [options.sameSite]
 * @return {string}
 */
function createSetCookie(options) {
  return (`${options.name || ''}=${options.value || ''}`)
    + (options.expires != null ? `; Expires=${options.expires.toUTCString()}` : '')
    + (options.maxAge != null ? `; Max-Age=${options.maxAge}` : '')
    + (options.domain != null ? `; Domain=${options.domain}` : '')
    + (options.path != null ? `; Path=${options.path}` : '')
    + (options.secure ? '; Secure' : '')
    + (options.httpOnly ? '; HttpOnly' : '')
    + (options.sameSite != null ? `; SameSite=${options.sameSite}` : '');
}

const newCookie = createSetCookie({
  name: 'cookieName',
  value: 'cookieValue',
  path:'/',
});
response.headers['Set-Cookie'].push(newCookie);


请记住，您可以设置多个Cookie，因为您实际上可以在请求中设置多个
set Cookie
头。这就是为什么它是一个数组


var request = require('request');
var j = request.jar();
var request = request.defaults({jar:j});
request('http://www.google.com', function () {
  request('http://images.google.com', function (error, response, body){
     // this request will will have the cookie which first request received
     // do stuff
  });
});




关于外部图书馆的说明：
如果您决定使用
express
、
cookie解析器
或
cookie
，请注意，它们具有非标准的默认值