Memory management 用户定义类型的Fortran可分配数组成员
在下面的简单程序中，我遇到了派生类型的可分配数组成员的分段错误。此分段错误仅发生在一台机器上（openSUSE上的英特尔Fortran 14.0.3），而不是我尝试的另一台机器上（Ubuntu上的英特尔Fortran 14.0.2）。此外，如果我更改程序中的一个整数参数，程序将正常结束 有人能重现这个故事吗？有人能告诉我代码有什么问题吗 下面是三个源代码文件Memory management 用户定义类型的Fortran可分配数组成员,memory-management,segmentation-fault,fortran,allocatable-array,Memory Management,Segmentation Fault,Fortran,Allocatable Array,在下面的简单程序中，我遇到了派生类型的可分配数组成员的分段错误。此分段错误仅发生在一台机器上（openSUSE上的英特尔Fortran 14.0.3），而不是我尝试的另一台机器上（Ubuntu上的英特尔Fortran 14.0.2）。此外，如果我更改程序中的一个整数参数，程序将正常结束 有人能重现这个故事吗？有人能告诉我代码有什么问题吗 下面是三个源代码文件 main_dbg.f90 .. 分段故障是否发生取决于此文件中的n1和n2的值 PROGRAM dbg USE tktype US
main_dbg.f90n1n2PROGRAM dbg
USE tktype
USE mymodule, ONLY : MyClass, MyClass_constructor
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER(I4B) :: n1,n2,n3
TYPE(MyClass) :: o_MyClass
n1=23
n2=32
! .. this does not work.
! n2=31
! .. this works.
n3 = n1*n2
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n1=', n1
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n2=', n2
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n3=', n3
o_MyClass = MyClass_constructor(n1, n2, n3)
call o_MyClass%destructor()
write(*,*) '***************************'
write(*,*) ' Normal End :) '
write(*,*) '***************************'
END PROGRAM dbg
!*******************************************************************
MODULE mymodule
!*******************************************************************
USE tktype
IMPLICIT NONE
PRIVATE
PUBLIC MyClass
PUBLIC MyClass_constructor
TYPE :: MyClass
PRIVATE
REAL(DP), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: arrA
COMPLEX(DPC), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: arrB
CONTAINS
PROCEDURE :: destructor
END TYPE MyClass
! ================================================================
CONTAINS
! ================================================================
! ****************************************************************
FUNCTION MyClass_constructor(n1, n2, n3) RESULT(this)
! ****************************************************************
TYPE(MyClass) :: this
INTEGER(I4B), INTENT(IN) :: n1, n2, n3
! local variables
INTEGER(I4B) :: j1, j2, j3
write(*,'(1X,A)') 'entered constructor..'
allocate(this%arrA(n2))
allocate(this%arrB(n1, n2, n3))
this%arrA = 1.0_dp
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,1) =', size(this%arrB,1)
write(*,*) 'n1 = ', n1
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,2) =', size(this%arrB,2)
write(*,*) 'n2 = ', n2
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,3) =', size(this%arrB,3)
write(*,*) 'n3 = ', n3
forall(j1=1:n1, j2=1:n2, j3=1:n3)
this%arrB(j1,j2,j3) = this%arrA(j2)
end forall
write(*,'(1X,A)') '..leaving constructor'
END FUNCTION MyClass_constructor
! ****************************************************************
SUBROUTINE destructor(this)
! ****************************************************************
CLASS(MyClass), INTENT(INOUT) :: this
deallocate(this%arrA)
deallocate(this%arrB)
END SUBROUTINE destructor
END MODULE mymodule
奇怪的.f90处
PROGRAM dbg
USE tktype
USE mymodule, ONLY : MyClass, MyClass_constructor
IMPLICIT NONE
INTEGER(I4B) :: n1,n2,n3
TYPE(MyClass) :: o_MyClass
n1=23
n2=32
! .. this does not work.
! n2=31
! .. this works.
n3 = n1*n2
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n1=', n1
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n2=', n2
write(*,'(1X,A,I10)') 'n3=', n3
o_MyClass = MyClass_constructor(n1, n2, n3)
call o_MyClass%destructor()
write(*,*) '***************************'
write(*,*) ' Normal End :) '
write(*,*) '***************************'
END PROGRAM dbg
!*******************************************************************
MODULE mymodule
!*******************************************************************
USE tktype
IMPLICIT NONE
PRIVATE
PUBLIC MyClass
PUBLIC MyClass_constructor
TYPE :: MyClass
PRIVATE
REAL(DP), DIMENSION(:), ALLOCATABLE :: arrA
COMPLEX(DPC), DIMENSION(:,:,:), ALLOCATABLE :: arrB
CONTAINS
PROCEDURE :: destructor
END TYPE MyClass
! ================================================================
CONTAINS
! ================================================================
! ****************************************************************
FUNCTION MyClass_constructor(n1, n2, n3) RESULT(this)
! ****************************************************************
TYPE(MyClass) :: this
INTEGER(I4B), INTENT(IN) :: n1, n2, n3
! local variables
INTEGER(I4B) :: j1, j2, j3
write(*,'(1X,A)') 'entered constructor..'
allocate(this%arrA(n2))
allocate(this%arrB(n1, n2, n3))
this%arrA = 1.0_dp
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,1) =', size(this%arrB,1)
write(*,*) 'n1 = ', n1
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,2) =', size(this%arrB,2)
write(*,*) 'n2 = ', n2
write(*,*) 'size(this%arrB,3) =', size(this%arrB,3)
write(*,*) 'n3 = ', n3
forall(j1=1:n1, j2=1:n2, j3=1:n3)
this%arrB(j1,j2,j3) = this%arrA(j2)
end forall
write(*,'(1X,A)') '..leaving constructor'
END FUNCTION MyClass_constructor
! ****************************************************************
SUBROUTINE destructor(this)
! ****************************************************************
CLASS(MyClass), INTENT(INOUT) :: this
deallocate(this%arrA)
deallocate(this%arrB)
END SUBROUTINE destructor
END MODULE mymodule
tktype.f90
! ********************************************************************
MODULE tktype
! ********************************************************************
! module tktype is an extraction of module nrtype in Numerical Recipes in
! Fortran 90.
! ********************************************************************
! Symbolic names for kind types of 4-, 2-, and 1-byte integers:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: I4B = SELECTED_INT_KIND(9)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: I2B = SELECTED_INT_KIND(4)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: I1B = SELECTED_INT_KIND(2)
! Symbolic names for kind types of single- and double-precision reals:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: SP = KIND(1.0)
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: DP = KIND(1.0D0)
! Symbolic names for kind types of single- and double-precision complex:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: SPC = KIND((1.0,1.0))
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: DPC = KIND((1.0D0,1.0D0))
! Symbolic name for kind type of default logical:
INTEGER, PARAMETER :: LGT = KIND(.true.)
END MODULE tktype
下面是一个shell脚本，用于编译上面的源代码并运行生成的可执行文件
compile\u run.sh
#!/bin/bash
ifort -v
echo "compiling.."
ifort -o tktype.o -c -check -g -stand f03 tktype.f90
ifort -o strange.o -c -check -g -stand f03 strange.f90
ifort -o main_dbg.o -c -check -g -stand f03 main_dbg.f90
ifort -o baabaa strange.o tktype.o main_dbg.o
echo "..done"
echo "running.."
./baabaa
echo "..done"
标准输出如下所示
ifort version 14.0.3
compiling..
..done
running..
n1= 23
n2= 32
n3= 736
entered constructor..
size(this%arrB,1) = 23
n1 = 23
size(this%arrB,2) = 32
n2 = 32
size(this%arrB,3) = 736
n3 = 736
./compile_run.sh: line 11: 17096 Segmentation fault ./baabaa
..done
编辑2016-01-30
我发现
ulimit-s unlimited
在compile\u run.sh的开头（在#/bin/bash
之后），sh
可防止分段错误。fortran中的可分配数组是存储在堆栈中，而不是存储在堆中吗？这可能是类似问题的重复，其中一些多维forall
循环会导致问题。链接问题的OP在Intel论坛（）中提出了这一问题，最新的答复如下：
解决方法1是增加堆栈大小限制。我使用：ulimit-s unlimited成功地完成了您的测试用例
解决方法2是使用DO循环而不是FORALL，如下所示：
此外，根据casey在链接问题中的评论，ifort16不会出现此问题，因此我猜这可能是ifort14/15特定的编译器问题
更多信息（只是一些实验）：
通过将堆栈大小限制为ulimit-s4000
并使用ifort14.0.1，在我的计算机上重现了相同的问题，使用-heap arrays
选项后，它消失了。所以我最初认为可能会有一些大小为n1*n2*n3-假设realloc_lhs-检查-警告doforallprogram main
implicit none
integer, parameter :: dp = KIND(1.0D0)
integer, parameter :: dpc = KIND((1.0D0,1.0D0))
type Mytype
real(dp), allocatable :: A(:)
complex(dpc), allocatable :: B(:,:,:)
endtype
type(Mytype) :: t
integer :: n1, n2, n3, j1, j2, j3
n1 = 23
n2 = 32
n3 = n1 * n2 !! = 736
allocate( t% A( n2 ), t% B( n1, n2, n3 ) )
t% A(:) = 1.0_dp
print *, "[1] do (3-dim)"
do j3 = 1, n3
do j2 = 1, n2
do j1 = 1, n1
t% B( j1, j2, j3 ) = t% A( j2 )
enddo
enddo
enddo
print *, "[2] do (1-dim)"
do j2 = 1, n2
t% B( :, j2, : ) = t% A( j2 )
enddo
print *, "[3] forall (1-dim)"
forall( j2 = 1:n2 )
t% B( :, j2, : ) = t% A( j2 )
end forall
print *, "[4] forall (3-dim)" ! <-- taken from the original code
forall( j1 = 1:n1, j2 = 1:n2, j3 = 1:n3 )
t% B( j1, j2, j3 ) = t% A( j2 )
end forall
print *, "all passed."
end program
ABprogram main
implicit none
integer, parameter :: dp = KIND(1.0D0)
integer, parameter :: dpc = KIND((1.0D0,1.0D0))
real(dp), allocatable :: A(:)
complex(dpc), allocatable :: B(:,:,:)
integer :: n1, n2, n3, j1, j2, j3
n1 = 23
n2 = 32
n3 = n1 * n2 !! = 736
allocate( A( n2 ), B( n1, n2, n3 ) )
A(:) = 1.0_dp
print *, "[1] do (3-dim)"
do j3 = 1, n3
do j2 = 1, n2
do j1 = 1, n1
B( j1, j2, j3 ) = A( j2 )
enddo
enddo
enddo
print *, "[2] do (1-dim)"
do j2 = 1, n2
B( :, j2, : ) = A( j2 )
enddo
print *, "[3] forall (1-dim)"
forall( j2 = 1:n2 )
B( :, j2, : ) = A( j2 )
end forall
print *, "[4] forall (3-dim)"
forall( j1 = 1:n1, j2 = 1:n2, j3 = 1:n3 )
B( j1, j2, j3 ) = A( j2 )
end forall
print *, "all passed."
end program
因此，问题似乎只出现在多维
forall-g-check-warn