如何在MySQL表上执行数据发生搜索

我是MySQL和PHP的新手。 我有两张这样的桌子，有上千行

Table "Company A" 
id | Date       | Prize_1   | Prize_2   | Prize_3 | Prize_Consolation
1  | 2011-01-13 | "car"     | "ipad2"   | "bag"   | "mouse" 
2  | 2011-02-13 | "ps3"     | "iphone4" | "mouse" | "bag"

Table "Company B" 
id | Date       | Prize_1   | Prize_2   | Prize_3 | Prize_Consolation 
1  | 2011-01-18 | "tv"      | "iphone4" | "ipod"  | "bag" 
2  | 2011-02-13 | "iphone4" | "ipad"    | "bag"   | "mouse"

用户将随机发送查询以搜索“奖品”的历史信息，该奖品是在何时以及由哪家公司颁发的

示例：我想在两个表上对奖品“iphone4”进行查询搜索，结果如下：

Company   | Date       | Prize
Company A | 2011-02-13 | Prize_2
Company B | 2011-01-18 | Prize_2
Company B | 2011-02-13 | Prize_1

Total 3 prizes for "iphone4"

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什么样的MySQL查询可以实现这种查找搜索？

这些实际上不应该是两个单独的表，而是一个带有公司标识列的表

但是，您的情况可以通过一种黑客方式解决：

SELECT
  'Company A' AS Company,
  Date, 
  CASE 
    WHEN Prize_1 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_1'    
    WHEN Prize_2 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_2'
    WHEN Prize_3 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_3'
    WHEN Prize_Consolation = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_Consolation'
    ELSE NULL
  END AS Prize
FROM `Company A`
WHERE 
  Prize_1 = 'iphone4'
  OR Prize_2 = 'iphone4'
  OR Prize_3 = 'iphone4'
  OR Prize_Consolation = 'iphone4'
/* UNION performs the same query against both tables and combine the results */
UNION
SELECT 
  'Company B' AS Company,
  Date, 
  CASE 
    WHEN Prize_1 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_1'    
    WHEN Prize_2 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_2'
    WHEN Prize_3 = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_3'
    WHEN Prize_Consolation = 'iphone4' THEN 'Prize_Consolation'
    ELSE NULL
  END AS Prize

来自

公司B

在哪里 Prize_1='iphone4' 或奖品2='iphone4' 或奖品3='iphone4' 或奖品+安慰='iphone4'

此设计更合适的表格布局如下所示：

Table Prizes
---------------
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
Date DATETIME,
Company VARCHAR(256),
Prize_Type INT,
Prize_Item VARCHAR(256)

Table Prize_Types
---------------
Prize_Type INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
Prize_Description VARCHAR(32)

奖品 奖品类型 查询如下：

---

事实上，您可能还希望公司和奖品项目与奖品类型一样规范化到自己的表中。

如果可以，请返回并更改您的数据结构-这将不断给您带来问题。感谢@Michael的帮助。我想问一下，如果我还需要搜索哪个“奖品”是最常见的项目并按顺序列出它们，那么这仍然是最好的数据结构吗<代码>exmaple:Prize | Total | Last Occess date | iphone4 | 100 | 2012-01-30 | ipad2 | 70 | 2012-01-02 | tv | 10 | 2012-01-12 |@Dennis Yes，然后你可以做类似于

选择Prize |项目，MAX（date）作为最近的，计数（*）作为来自奖品的总数加入奖品上的奖品类型。奖品类型=奖品类型。奖品类型按奖品分组\u项目顺序按总数描述

1 | 2012-01-28 08:00:00 | 'Company A' | 3 | 'some prize'
2 | 2012-01-28 08:00:00 | 'Company A' | 2 | 'ipad'
3 | 2012-01-28 08:00:00 | 'Company A' | 1 | 'junky phone'
4 | 2012-01-28 08:00:00 | 'Company b' | 4 | 'iphone4'

1 | 'Prize 1'
2 | 'Prize 2'
3 | 'Prize 3'
4 | 'Consolation Prize'

SELECT
  Company,
  Date,
  Prize_Item,
  Prize_Description
FROM Prizes JOIN Prize_Types ON Prize_Types.Prize_Type = Prizes.Prize_Type
WHERE Prize_Item = 'iphone4'