Php 需要帮助了解URL别名以传递文本文件吗_Php_Apache_.htaccess_Drupal

Php 需要帮助了解URL别名以传递文本文件吗

php apache .htaccess drupal

Php 需要帮助了解URL别名以传递文本文件吗,php,apache,.htaccess,drupal,Php,Apache,.htaccess,Drupal,这是我第一次设置别名，我已经找到了几个关于如何使用别名的示例，但无论出于什么原因，我仍然对语法应该如何工作没有100%的信心。我今天大部分时间都在寻找一个具体的例子，但运气不好。我想我真的需要一些人来帮我，哈哈。以下是我为阅读本文的读者找到的一些例子： httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/urlmapping.html net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/apache-aliasing-and-redirection/ serverfault.com/quest

这是我第一次设置别名，我已经找到了几个关于如何使用别名的示例，但无论出于什么原因，我仍然对语法应该如何工作没有100%的信心。我今天大部分时间都在寻找一个具体的例子，但运气不好。我想我真的需要一些人来帮我，哈哈。以下是我为阅读本文的读者找到的一些例子：

httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/urlmapping.html

net.tutsplus.com/tutorials/apache-aliasing-and-redirection/

serverfault.com/questions/362040/accessing-directories-out-of-documentroot

以下是我的情况：首先，我正在使用的远程服务器的web根目录是：

'/data1/home/spaceweather/htdoc'

我要链接以从此位置开始的数据文件存档：

'/data1/public'

我有大约20000个文本文件，公众最终可以通过我正在开发的网站进行搜索。包含所有文件的目录结构如下所示：

data1/
     /public/
            /cases/
                  /grid108/
                          <here there are folders, one for every day of the year>
                          <which contains the text files>
                  /grid112/
                          <here there are folders, one for every day of the year>
                          <which contains the text files>
                  /grid180/
                          <here there are folders, one for every day of the year>
                          <which contains the text files>

上面的路径肯定在我的web根文件夹之外，所以这就是为什么我认为别名是最好的选择。在线指南提到，要创建别名，我需要修改.htaccess文件。所以我继续查找我的.htaccess文件（代码如下所示）。你会注意到Drupal在下面的代码中所说的话，这是因为我正在创建的网站是由Drupal支持的

我的.htaccess文件：

#
# Apache/PHP/Drupal settings:
#

# Protect files and directories from prying eyes.
<FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl)(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig|\.save)?$|^(\..*|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template)$|^#.*#$|\.php(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig\.save)$">
  Order allow,deny
</FilesMatch>

# Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory.
Options -Indexes

# Follow symbolic links in this directory.
Options +FollowSymLinks

# Make Drupal handle any 404 errors.
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php

# Set the default handler.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm

# Override PHP settings that cannot be changed at runtime. See
# sites/default/default.settings.php and drupal_environment_initialize() in
# includes/bootstrap.inc for settings that can be changed at runtime.

# PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
  php_flag magic_quotes_gpc                 off
  php_flag magic_quotes_sybase              off
  php_flag register_globals                 off
  php_flag session.auto_start               off
  php_value mbstring.http_input             pass
  php_value mbstring.http_output            pass
  php_flag mbstring.encoding_translation    off
</IfModule>

# Requires mod_expires to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  # Enable expirations.
  ExpiresActive On

  # Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A).
  ExpiresDefault A1209600

  <FilesMatch \.php$>
    # Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache
    # headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the
    # headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may
    # fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause
    # problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory.
    ExpiresActive Off
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteEngine on

  # Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://.  This is used later
  # if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
  # you don't bounce between http and https.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]

  # Make sure Authorization HTTP header is available to PHP
  # even when running as CGI or FastCGI.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]

  # Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. This
  # includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or
  # Git to store control files. Files whose names begin with a period, as well
  # as the control files used by CVS, are protected by the FilesMatch directive
  # above.
  #
  # NOTE: This only works when mod_rewrite is loaded. Without mod_rewrite, it is
  # not possible to block access to entire directories from .htaccess, because
  # <DirectoryMatch> is not allowed here.
  #
  # If you do not have mod_rewrite installed, you should remove these
  # directories from your webroot or otherwise protect them from being
  # downloaded.
  RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F]

  # If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
  # can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
  # URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

  # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a
  # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly.
  # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and
  # modify the following line:
  # RewriteBase /drupal
  #
  # If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/,
  # uncomment the following line:
  # RewriteBase /

  # Pass all requests not referring directly to files in the filesystem to
  # index.php. Clean URLs are handled in drupal_environment_initialize().
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico
  RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]

  # Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files.
  # Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled.
  <IfModule mod_headers.c>
    # Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css $1\.css\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js $1\.js\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip.
    RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1]
    RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1]

    <FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$">
      # Serve correct encoding type.
      Header set Content-Encoding gzip
      # Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately.
      Header append Vary Accept-Encoding
    </FilesMatch>
  </IfModule>
</IfModule>

#
#Apache/PHP/Drupal设置：
#
#保护文件和目录免受窥探。
命令允许，拒绝
#不显示映射到目录的URL的目录列表。
选项-索引
#遵循此目录中的符号链接。
选项+FollowSymLinks
#让Drupal处理任何404错误。
ErrorDocument 404/index.php
#设置默认处理程序。
DirectoryIndex.php index.html index.htm
#重写运行时无法更改的PHP设置。看见
#中的sites/default/default.settings.php和drupal_环境_initialize（）
#包括/bootstrap.inc，用于可在运行时更改的设置。
#PHP5、Apache1和Apache2。
php_标志魔术_引号_gpc关闭
php_flag magic_quotes_sybase off
php_标志寄存器_全局关闭
php_标志session.auto_启动
php_值mbstring.http_输入传递
php_值mbstring.http_输出过程
php_标志mbstring.encoding_翻译关闭
#需要启用mod_expires。
#启用过期。
过期于
#访问后将所有文件缓存2周（A）。
到期默认A1209600
#不允许缓存PHP脚本，除非它们显式地发送缓存
#标题本身。否则，所有脚本都必须覆盖
#如果mod_设置的头需要另一个缓存行为，则它们将过期。今年五月
#如果在引导过程的早期出现错误，则失败，并可能导致
#如果在子目录中安装了非Drupal PHP文件，则会出现问题。
过期活动关闭
#各种重写规则。
重新启动发动机
#如果通过https://访问我们，请将“protossl”设置为“s”。这将在以后使用
#如果您启用“www.”剥离或强制执行，为了确保
#您不会在http和https之间跳转。
重写规则^-[E=protossl]
在上重写cond%{HTTPS}
重写规则^-[E=protossl:s]
#确保授权HTTP头对PHP可用
#即使是作为CGI或FastCGI运行。
重写规则^-[E=HTTP\U授权：%{HTTP:AUTHORIZATION}]
#阻止访问名称以句点开头的“隐藏”目录。这
#包括版本控制系统（如Subversion或
#Git来存储控制文件。名称也以句点开头的文件
#作为CVS使用的控制文件，受FILEMATCH指令保护
#上面。
#
#注意：这仅在加载mod_rewrite时有效。没有mod_重写，它是
#无法阻止从.htaccess访问整个目录，因为
#这里是不允许的。
#
#如果未安装mod_rewrite，则应删除这些
#从您的webroot目录或以其他方式保护它们不被删除
#下载。
重写规则“（^ |/）\”-[F]
#如果您的站点既可以使用“www.”前缀访问，也可以不使用“www.”前缀访问，则您可以
#可以使用以下设置之一将用户重定向到您的首选
#URL，带或不带“www.”前缀。仅选择一个选项：
#
#要重定向所有用户以访问带有“www.”前缀的网站，
# (http://example.com/... 将被重定向到http://www.example.com/...)
#取消对以下内容的注释：
#重写cond%{HTTP_HOST}。
#重写cond%{HTTP_HOST}^www\。[北卡罗来纳州]
#重写规则^http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{http_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI}[L，R=301]
#
#要重定向所有用户以访问不带“www.”前缀的站点，
# (http://www.example.com/... 将被重定向到http://example.com/...)
#取消对以下内容的注释：
#重写cond%{HTTP_HOST}^www\.（.+）$[NC]
#重写规则^http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI}[L，R=301]
#如果在子目录或子目录中使用Drupal，请修改RewriteBase
#VirtualDocumentRoot和重写规则无法正常工作。
#例如，如果您的站点位于http://example.com/drupal 取消注释和
#修改以下行：
#重写BASE/drupal
#
#如果您的站点在以下位置的VirtualDocumentRoot中运行：http://example.com/,
#取消对以下行的注释：
#重写基/
#将所有不直接引用文件系统中文件的请求传递给
#index.php。干净的URL在drupal_环境_initialize（）中处理。
重写cond%{REQUEST_FILENAME}-F
重写cond%{REQUEST_FILENAME}-D
重写cond%{REQUEST_URI}=/图标文件
重写规则^index.php[L]
#正确提供gzip压缩CSS和JS文件的规则。
#需要同时启用mod_重写和mod_头。
#提供gzip压缩CSS文件（如果存在并且客户端接受）
#
# Apache/PHP/Drupal settings:
#

# Protect files and directories from prying eyes.
<FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl)(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig|\.save)?$|^(\..*|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template)$|^#.*#$|\.php(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig\.save)$">
  Order allow,deny
</FilesMatch>

# Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory.
Options -Indexes

# Follow symbolic links in this directory.
Options +FollowSymLinks

# Make Drupal handle any 404 errors.
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php

# Set the default handler.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm

# Override PHP settings that cannot be changed at runtime. See
# sites/default/default.settings.php and drupal_environment_initialize() in
# includes/bootstrap.inc for settings that can be changed at runtime.

# PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
  php_flag magic_quotes_gpc                 off
  php_flag magic_quotes_sybase              off
  php_flag register_globals                 off
  php_flag session.auto_start               off
  php_value mbstring.http_input             pass
  php_value mbstring.http_output            pass
  php_flag mbstring.encoding_translation    off
</IfModule>

# Requires mod_expires to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
  # Enable expirations.
  ExpiresActive On

  # Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A).
  ExpiresDefault A1209600

  <FilesMatch \.php$>
    # Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache
    # headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the
    # headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may
    # fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause
    # problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory.
    ExpiresActive Off
  </FilesMatch>
</IfModule>

# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
  RewriteEngine on

  # Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://.  This is used later
  # if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
  # you don't bounce between http and https.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
  RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]

  # Make sure Authorization HTTP header is available to PHP
  # even when running as CGI or FastCGI.
  RewriteRule ^ - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]

  # Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. This
  # includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or
  # Git to store control files. Files whose names begin with a period, as well
  # as the control files used by CVS, are protected by the FilesMatch directive
  # above.
  #
  # NOTE: This only works when mod_rewrite is loaded. Without mod_rewrite, it is
  # not possible to block access to entire directories from .htaccess, because
  # <DirectoryMatch> is not allowed here.
  #
  # If you do not have mod_rewrite installed, you should remove these
  # directories from your webroot or otherwise protect them from being
  # downloaded.
  RewriteRule "(^|/)\." - [F]

  # If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
  # can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
  # URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
  #
  # To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix,
  # (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...)
  # uncomment the following:
  # RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
  # RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]

  # Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a
  # VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly.
  # For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and
  # modify the following line:
  # RewriteBase /drupal
  #
  # If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/,
  # uncomment the following line:
  # RewriteBase /

  # Pass all requests not referring directly to files in the filesystem to
  # index.php. Clean URLs are handled in drupal_environment_initialize().
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
  RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico
  RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]

  # Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files.
  # Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled.
  <IfModule mod_headers.c>
    # Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css $1\.css\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
    RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
    RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
    RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js $1\.js\.gz [QSA]

    # Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip.
    RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1]
    RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1]

    <FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$">
      # Serve correct encoding type.
      Header set Content-Encoding gzip
      # Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately.
      Header append Vary Accept-Encoding
    </FilesMatch>
  </IfModule>
</IfModule>

mkdir -p /data1/home/spaceweather/htdoc/cases #just in case it does not exist
ln -s  /data1/public/cases /data1/home/spaceweather/htdoc/cases/data 

data -> /data1/public/cases