将整数转换为Excel列（字母或字母组合）-完整的PHP示例、单元测试和解释

假设我们有这样一个函数，它接受PDO语句（任何查询）并自动生成excel文件（使用PHPExcel库）：

然后打开与excel文件的连接：

$excel = new PHPExcel();

$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($excel, "Excel2007");

$sheet = $excel->getActiveSheet();

$sheet->setTitle($name);

此函数用于确保列名数组的长度与行数组中的字段数相同

/**
* Take the array containing the $columnName for data export (CSV, Excel) and make sure
* that it is the number of entry as there are fields in $row.
*
* If column name are missing, we will use the column name used in the query.
*
* Return the merged array
*
* @param $columnName Array containing the column names
* @param $row Array produce by fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC).
*
* @return Array ($columnName)
*/
private static function validateColumnNameArray(array &$columnName, array &$row){

    $buffer = array();

    $colPDO = count($row);

    $count = count($columnName);

    if ($count < $colPDO){

        foreach ($row as $key => $value){

            $buffer[] = $key;   
        }

        for($index = $count; $index < $colPDO; $index++){

            $columnName[] = $buffer[$index];
        }
    }

    unset($buffer);

    return $columnName;
}

如果它是我们添加到excel文件的第一行，那么我们设置基本格式：

if ($rows === 0){

            $columnName = self::validateColumnNameArray($columnName, $row);

            $totalCols = count($row);

            $sheet->getStyle('A1:' . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($totalCols) . '1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(12);

            for ($column = 1; $column <= $totalCols; $column++){

                $sheet->getCell(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column) . '1')->setValue($columnName[$column - 1]);

                $sheet->getColumnDimension(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column))->setAutoSize(true);
            }

            $rows = 1;
        }

我个人只在午夜对源文件和数据库进行自动备份时才使用这种方法。白天运行它会增加删除其他用户使用的文件的机会

这就是为什么我正在考虑最佳做法，即在通过浏览器发送给用户时立即删除文件，并将清理方法仅用于维护目的

如果没有错误，我将行数减少1，因为我不想计算标题行。如果将标题行看作数据行，则可以删除该行。

最后，这些方法返回访问新创建文件的路径：

return (empty($errorMessage) ? $path : "");

但前提是没有错误。因此，如果函数返回空字符串，则表示发生了错误

由于PHP的类型松散，您可以返回任何内容，包括布尔值，甚至错误消息，但出于一致性目的，我更喜欢始终返回相同的数据类型。我个人最喜欢的方法是布尔返回值和通过引用传递的错误消息变量。所以我可以使用这样的代码：

$errorMessage = "";

            if ($_SESSION["adminAccount"]->updateAccountInfo($errorMessage,
                                                        (isset($_POST['FIRST_NAME_TEXT']) ? $_POST['FIRST_NAME_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getFirstName()),
                                                        (isset($_POST['LAST_NAME_TEXT']) ? $_POST['LAST_NAME_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getLastName()),
                                                        (isset($_POST['EMAIL_TEXT']) ? $_POST['EMAIL_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getEmail()))){

                PageManager::displaySuccessMessage("Your account information were saved with success.", "USER_ACCOUNT_INFORMATION_SAVED");

            }
            else{

                PageManager::displayErrorMessage($errorMessage);    
            }

这样，错误由类方法在内部管理，并且可以根据视图上下文调整成功消息。布尔返回值用于确定是否必须显示错误或成功消息

注意：单元测试将包含在我的答案中

---

来自蒙特利尔的Jonathan Parent-Lévesque现在有一种方法可以将整数转换为excel列

excel列可以是一到三个字母的组合，最多可达16383（XFD），这是excel文件中列的当前限制：

$excel = new PHPExcel();

$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($excel, "Excel2007");

$sheet = $excel->getActiveSheet();

$sheet->setTitle($name);

我在函数旁边使用一个包含所有英文字母的数组：

public static $letters = array(1 => "A", 2 => "B", 3=> "C", 4 => "D", 5 => "E", 6 => "F", 7 => "G", 8=> "H", 9=> "I", 10 => "J", 11 =>"K", 12 => "L", 13 => "M", 14 => "N", 15=> "O", 16 => "P", 17 => "Q", 18 => "R", 19 => "S", 20 => "T", 21 => "U", 22 => "V", 23 => "W", 24 => "X", 25 => "Y", 26 => "Z");

该函数接受单个参数，并断言该值为数值，并且在以下限制之间：

public static function convertNumberToExcelCol($number){

    $column = "";

    if (is_numeric($number) and $number > 0 and $number < 16385){

让我们测试一下：

for ($index = 1; $index < 27; $index++){

        $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$index], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($index));   
    }

由于英文字母表包含26个字母，因此整个算法也基于26个字母

对于大多数值，我们只需将[number]/26四舍五入即可得到第一个字母，使用数字[number]%26的整个除法（除法的剩余部分）即可得到第二个字母

$first = floor($number / 26);

$second = $number % 26;

以下是一些示例：

• 27=AA
• 28=AB
• 51=AY
• 53=BA

如果[number]%26=0，举例来说：52、78、104等等，那么我们必须使用一些不同的编码

例如，52=AZ，52/26=2（第一个字母）和52%26=0（第二个字母）

在我们的字母数组中，2=B和0超出了界限。这就是为什么我们必须将第一个字母的值减少1，将第二个字母的值强制为26

$first = floor($number / 26) - 1;

$second = 26;

测试时间：

for ($first = 1; $first < 27; $first++){

        $temp = $first * 26;

        for ($second = 1; $second < 27; $second++){
            $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$first] . FileManager::$letters[$second], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp + $second)); 
        }
    }

（$first=1；$first<27；$first++）的

{
$temp=$first*26；
对于（$second=1；$second<27；$second++）{
$this->assertEquals（文件管理器：：$letters[$first]。文件管理器：：$letters[$second]，文件管理器：：convertNumberToExcelCol（$temp+$second））；
}
}

当我们试图管理三封信时，真正的挑战来了。当然，您可能不会有一个超过702个字段的查询，但是为了该方法的完整性和一些真正的编程挑战，让我们检查一下如何做到这一点

起初，我不得不尝试进行错误测试，最后进行了以下编码：

elseif($number < 1379){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 26);
}
elseif($number < 2028){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
}
elseif ($number < 2055){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 52);
}
elseif($number < 2704){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);  
}
elseif ($number < 2731) {

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 78); 
}
elseif ($number < 3380) {

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);      
}
elseif ($number < 3407){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 104);    
}

elseif（$number<1379）{
$column=self:：$letters[楼层（$number/702）]。self:$convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%702+26）；
}
elseif（数量<2028）{
$column=self:：$letters[floor（$number/676）]。self：：convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%676）；
}
elseif（数量<2055美元）{
$column=self:：$letters[楼层（$number/702）]。self:$convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%702+52）；
}
elseif（数量<2704美元）{
$column=self:：$letters[floor（$number/676）]。self：：convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%676）；
}
elseif（数量<2731）{
$column=self:：$letters[楼层（$number/702）]。self:$convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%702+78）；
}
elseif（数量<3380美元）{
$column=self:：$letters[floor（$number/676）]。self：：convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%676）；
}
elseif（$3407）{
$column=self:：$letters[楼层（$number/702）]。self:$convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%702+104）；
}

是的，这并不严重，你可以像这样一直走到16k

如果你仔细观察，你会发现有一个模式从中画出来。有一个数字可以除以676得到第一个字母，模676得到第二个和第三个字母。例如，2027=BBY

第二种模式是数字，第一个字母可以除以702+a补偿（26、52、78、104，…）的模。包括像703=AAA这样的数字

当然，676和702都是26的倍数

我花了很多时间计算，但我开始意识到第二种模式总是27个数字的范围，这些数字总是产生一个低于27（0-26）的数字作为这个数字的模

elseif($number < 2028){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
}
elseif ($number < 2055){

elseif（$number<2028）{
$column=self:：$letters[floor（$number/676）]。self：：convertNumberToExcelCol（$number%676）；
}
elseif（数量<2055美元）{

举例来说：

• 2028%676=0
• 2029%676=1
• 2054%676=26
• 2055%676=27（现在超出范围）

现在，使用702算法的数字范围已经找到，我们必须确定如何计算

    if ($number % 26 === 0){

        $first = floor($number / 26) - 1;

        $second = 26;
    }
    else{

        $first = floor($number / 26);

        $second = $number % 26;
    }

    $column = self::$letters[$first] . self::$letters[$second];

$first = floor($number / 26);

$second = $number % 26;

$first = floor($number / 26) - 1;

$second = 26;

for ($first = 1; $first < 27; $first++){

        $temp = $first * 26;

        for ($second = 1; $second < 27; $second++){
            $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$first] . FileManager::$letters[$second], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp + $second)); 
        }
    }

elseif($number < 1379){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 26);
}
elseif($number < 2028){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
}
elseif ($number < 2055){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 52);
}
elseif($number < 2704){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);  
}
elseif ($number < 2731) {

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 78); 
}
elseif ($number < 3380) {

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);      
}
elseif ($number < 3407){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + 104);    
}

elseif($number < 2028){

    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
}
elseif ($number < 2055){

                if($number % 676 < 27){

                    $compensation = floor($number / 26) - 26;

                    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + ($compensation % 26 === 0 ? $compensation : $compensation - 1));
                }
                else{
                    $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
                }

        for ($first = 1; $first < 27; $first++){

        for ($second = 1; $second < 27; $second++){

            for ($third = 1; $third < 27; $third++){

                $temp = $first *  676 + (($second * 26) + $third);

                if ($temp < 16385){

                    $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$first] . FileManager::$letters[$second] . FileManager::$letters[$third], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp));

                }
                else{

                    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp + $index));   
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /**
* Convert a $number to the letter (or combination of letters) representing a column in excel. 
*   Will return an empty string if $number is not a valid value.
*
* @param number Int must be is_numeric() and > 0 and < 16,385.
*
* @return String
*/
public static function convertNumberToExcelCol($number){

    $column = "";

    if (is_numeric($number) and $number > 0 and $number < 16385){

        if ($number < 27){

            $column = self::$letters[$number];
        }
        elseif ($number < 703){

            if ($number % 26 === 0){

                $first = floor($number / 26) - 1;

                $second = 26;
            }
            else{

                $first = floor($number / 26);

                $second = $number % 26;
            }

            $column = self::$letters[$first] . self::$letters[$second];
        }
        else{

            if($number % 676 < 27){

                $compensation = floor($number / 26) - 26;

                $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 702)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 702 + ($compensation % 26 === 0 ? $compensation : $compensation - 1));
            }
            else{
                $column = self::$letters[floor($number / 676)] . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($number % 676);
            }   
        }
    }


    return $column;
}

    public function testvalidateFileExtention(){

    //invalid extension
    $this->assertEquals("woot", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", true));

    $this->assertEquals("woot", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", ""));

    $this->assertEquals("woot", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", "."));

    $this->assertEquals("woot.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", ".b.l.u.."));


    //invalid name
    $this->assertEquals("my_file.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention(true, ".blu"));

    $this->assertEquals("my_file.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention("", ".blu"));

    $this->assertEquals("my_file.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention(".woot", ".blu"));

    $this->assertEquals("woot.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention("w.o.o.t.", ".blu"));


    //valid file name and extension
    $this->assertEquals("woot.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", "blu"));

    $this->assertEquals("woot.blu", FileManager::validateFileExtention("woot", ".blu"));

}

public function testCreateCSVFromRS(){

    FileManager::emptyArchiveFolder();

    $errorMessage = "";
    $path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/../Archive/woot.csv';
    $rows = 0;


    //no data to export
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table WHERE field_id='woot for loots'");

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);


    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::createCSVFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot"));

    $this->assertNotEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(0, $rows);

    $this->assertFileNotExists($path);


    //data, but missing columns in the header array
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table LIMIT 100");

    $this->assertNotEmpty(FileManager::createCSVFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot", array("homer", "simpson")));

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);

    $this->assertEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(100, $rows);

    $this->assertFileExists($path);


    $handle = fopen($path, "r");

    $this->assertNotEquals(false, $handle);

    $row = fgetcsv($handle);


    $this->assertContains("homer", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("id", $row);


    $this->assertContains("simpson", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("field_id", $row);


    $this->assertContains("field_value", $row);

    $this->assertContains("language", $row);


    fclose($handle);


    //data, changing all columns in the header array
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table LIMIT 10");

    $this->assertNotEmpty(FileManager::createCSVFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot", array("kyle", "eric", "kenny", "stan")));

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);

    $this->assertEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(10, $rows);

    $this->assertFileExists($path);


    $handle = fopen($path, "r");

    $this->assertNotEquals(false, $handle);

    $row = fgetcsv($handle);


    $this->assertContains("kyle", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("id", $row);


    $this->assertContains("eric", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("field_id", $row);


    $this->assertContains("kenny", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("field_value", $row);


    $this->assertContains("stan", $row);

    $this->assertNotContains("language", $row);


    fclose($handle);

    unlink($path);
}

public function testConvertNumberToExcelCol(){

    //invalid paramter
    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol("a"));

    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol(array()));

    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol(-1));

    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol(1000000000));


    //single letter
    for ($index = 1; $index < 27; $index++){

        $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$index], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($index));   
    }

    //double letters
    for ($first = 1; $first < 27; $first++){

        $temp = $first * 26;

        for ($second = 1; $second < 27; $second++){
            $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$first] . FileManager::$letters[$second], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp + $second)); 
        }
    }

    //tripple letters
    for ($first = 1; $first < 27; $first++){

        for ($second = 1; $second < 27; $second++){

            for ($third = 1; $third < 27; $third++){

                $temp = $first *  676 + (($second * 26) + $third);

                if ($temp < 16385){

                    $this->assertEquals(FileManager::$letters[$first] . FileManager::$letters[$second] . FileManager::$letters[$third], FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp));

                }
                else{

                    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::convertNumberToExcelCol($temp + $index));   
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


public function testCreateExcelFromRS(){

    $errorMessage = "";
    $path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/../Archive/woot.xlsx';
    $rows = 0;


    //no data to export
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table WHERE field_id='woot for loots'");

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);


    $this->assertEmpty(FileManager::createExcelFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot"));

    $this->assertNotEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(0, $rows);

    $this->assertFileNotExists($path);


    //data, but missing columns in the header array
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table LIMIT 100");

    $this->assertNotEmpty(FileManager::createExcelFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot", array("homer", "simpson")));

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);

    $this->assertEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(100, $rows);

    $this->assertFileExists($path);


    $reader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReaderForFile($path);
    $reader->setReadDataOnly(true);
    $excel = $reader->load($path);


    $this->assertEquals("homer", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('A1')->getValue());

    $this->assertEquals("simpson", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('B1')->getValue());

    $this->assertEquals("field_value", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('C1')->getValue());

    $this->assertContains("language", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('D1')->getValue());

    $excel->disconnectWorksheets();

    unset($excel);



    //data, changing all columns in the header array
    $rs = $this->fetchData("SELECT id, field_id, field_value, language FROM error_message_table LIMIT 10");

    $this->assertNotEmpty(FileManager::createExcelFromRS($errorMessage, $rs, $rows, "woot", array("kyle", "eric", "kenny", "stan")));

    $this->assertInstanceOf('PDOStatement', $rs);

    $this->assertEmpty($errorMessage);

    $this->assertEquals(10, $rows);

    $this->assertFileExists($path);


    $reader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReaderForFile($path);
    $reader->setReadDataOnly(true);
    $excel = $reader->load($path);


    $this->assertEquals("kyle", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('A1')->getValue());

    $this->assertEquals("eric", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('B1')->getValue());

    $this->assertEquals("kenny", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('C1')->getValue());

    $this->assertContains("stan", $excel->getSheet(0)->getCell('D1')->getValue());

    $excel->disconnectWorksheets();


    unlink($path);
}

private function fetchData($query, $db = "language_manager"){

    $_SESSION['domain'] = $db;

    $errorMessage = "";

    $dbManager = GeneralDBManager::getInstance();

    $rs = $dbManager->fetchData($query . ";/*th1s 1s a v4l1d qu3ry*/", $errorMessage);

    unset($dbManager);

    return $rs; 
}