PostgreSQL-当涉及多个列时，无法使用分区依据

假设我有一个包含5列的表：

• 年
• 公司
• 系
• 雇员
• 销售

我想查询结果以获得以下结果：

• 公司
• 系
• 雇员
• 总额（销售额）

附加的要求是，销售最大的公司（所有部门）首先显示，然后是公司内销售最大的部门，员工列也是如此

成功：当我仅为公司查询时，以下查询工作正常：

 SELECT company,
       SUM(sales)
FROM   company_sales
GROUP  BY company
ORDER  BY SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY company) DESC,
          company;

成功：当我按公司和部门分组时，以下查询工作正常：

SELECT company,
       department,
       SUM(sales)
FROM   company_sales
GROUP  BY company,
          department
ORDER  BY SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY company) DESC,
          SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY department) DESC,
          company,
          department;

失败：按公司、部门、员工分组时，以下查询失败：

SELECT company,
       department,
       employee,
       SUM(sales)
FROM   company_sales
GROUP  BY company,
          department,
          employee
ORDER  BY SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY company) DESC,
          SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY department) DESC,
          SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY employee) DESC,
          company,
          department,
          employee;

以下是上面的查询，其中包含供您使用的数据：

WITH COMPANY_SALES AS (
SELECT  2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-1' as employee,  100 as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-2' as employee,  101 as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-3' as employee,  102 as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-1' as employee,  50  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-2' as employee,  51  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-3' as employee,  52  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-4' as employee,  53  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-5' as employee,  54  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-1' as employee,  80  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-2' as employee,  81  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-3' as employee,  82  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-1' as employee,  20  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-2' as employee,  21  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-3' as employee,  22  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-1' as employee,  90  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-2' as employee,  91  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-3' as employee,  92  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-4' as employee,  93  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-5' as employee,  94  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-6' as employee,  95  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-C' as department, 'Employee-B-C-1' as employee,  40  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-1' as employee,  60  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-2' as employee,  61  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-3' as employee,  62  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-4' as employee,  63  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-1' as employee,  20  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-2' as employee,  21  as sales
UNION SELECT    2010    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-3' as employee,  22  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-1' as employee,  30  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-2' as employee,  29  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-3' as employee,  28  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-4' as employee,  27  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-1' as employee,  45  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-2' as employee,  25  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-3' as employee,  78  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-4' as employee,  23  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-1' as employee,  12  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-2' as employee,  54  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-3' as employee,  79  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-1' as employee,  34  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-2' as employee,  89  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-3' as employee,  60  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-1' as employee,  23  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-2' as employee,  62  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-3' as employee,  45  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-4' as employee,  78  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-5' as employee,  45  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-6' as employee,  9   as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-C' as department, 'Employee-B-C-1' as employee,  73  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-1' as employee,  93  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-2' as employee,  27  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-3' as employee,  59  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-4' as employee,  73  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-1' as employee,  54  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-2' as employee,  67  as sales
UNION SELECT    2011    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-3' as employee,  84  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-1' as employee,  78  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-2' as employee,  69  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-3' as employee,  45  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-A' as department, 'Employee-A-A-4' as employee,  69  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-1' as employee,  24  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-2' as employee,  35  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-3' as employee,  89  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-4' as employee,  64  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-B' as department, 'Employee-A-B-5' as employee,  75  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-1' as employee,  15  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-A' as company, 'Department-A-C' as department, 'Employee-A-C-2' as employee,  38  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-1' as employee,  46  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-2' as employee,  85  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-A' as department, 'Employee-B-A-3' as employee,  63  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-1' as employee,  24  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-2' as employee,  59  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-3' as employee,  76  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-4' as employee,  18  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-5' as employee,  94  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-B' as department, 'Employee-B-B-6' as employee,  55  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-C' as department, 'Employee-B-C-1' as employee,  69  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-1' as employee,  37  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-2' as employee,  84  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-3' as employee,  52  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-B' as company, 'Department-B-D' as department, 'Employee-B-D-4' as employee,  55  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-1' as employee,  78  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-2' as employee,  94  as sales
UNION SELECT    2012    as year, 'Company-C' as company, 'Department-C-A' as department, 'Employee-C-A-3' as employee,  21  as sales
)
SELECT company,
       department,
       employee,
       SUM(sales)
FROM company_sales
GROUP  BY company,
          department,
          employee
ORDER  BY SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY company) DESC,
          SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY department) DESC,
          SUM(SUM(sales))
            over (
              PARTITION BY employee) DESC,
          company,
          department,
          employee;

---

在示例数据集中，部门是唯一的，因此您可以：

PARTITION BY department

但是，如果多家公司可以拥有同一个部门，则您需要：

PARTITION BY company, department

---

旁注：由于您是根据

公司、部门、员工

进行分组，因此第三个

over

子句是多余的。您可以通过省略它来简化：

ORDER  BY SUM(SUM(sales)) over (PARTITION BY company) DESC
,         SUM(SUM(sales)) over (PARTITION BY company, department) DESC
,         SUM(sales) DESC

---

是的，你是对的，我意识到上述查询的结果看起来不错。我一定没有一个好的数据集来表示我的问题，因为我的生产数据集中的同一个查询（具有不同的域）不起作用。结果的顺序不准确。感谢你指出，在我的示例中，部门是唯一的。这是关键。