Postgresql Rails 4控制器测试失败-ActiveRecord:：AssociationTypeMismatch？

我正在用Postgres（0.18.3）、Rspec（3.1.0）和FactoryGirl（4.5.0）构建一个Rails（4.1.8）应用程序。我需要帮助对控制器测试进行故障排除，该测试引发由FactoryGirl对象引起的Active Record:：AssociationTypeMismatch错误

以下是我的健身目标控制器索引操作：

def index
  @fitness_goals = @member.fitness_goals.order(:start_date)    
end

这是我对健身目标控制器索引操作（健身\u目标\u控制器\u规范.rb）的设置和测试：

rspec错误和回溯：

1) FitnessGoalsController GET index assigns all fitness goals as @member.fitness_goals
 Failure/Error: @fitness_goal = FactoryGirl.create(:fitness_goal, member: @member)
 ActiveRecord::AssociationTypeMismatch:
   Target(#62887900) expected, got String(#8489780)
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/association.rb:216:in `raise_on_type_mismatch!'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:356:in `block in replace'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:356:in `each'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:356:in `replace'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/collection_association.rb:41:in `writer'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activerecord-4.1.8/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb:118:in `targets='
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:16:in `public_send'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:16:in `block (2 levels) in object'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:15:in `each'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:15:in `block in object'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:14:in `tap'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/attribute_assigner.rb:14:in `object'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/evaluation.rb:12:in `object'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy/create.rb:9:in `result'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory.rb:42:in `run'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:23:in `block in run'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/activesupport-4.1.8/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/factory_runner.rb:22:in `run'
 # .rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.5/gems/factory_girl-4.5.0/lib/factory_girl/strategy_syntax_method_registrar.rb:20:in `block in define_singular_strategy_method'
 # ./spec/controllers/fitness_goals_controller_spec.rb:44:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'

结束

健身目标参数：

def fitness_goal_params
  params.require(:fitness_goal).permit(:goal_list_id, :timeframe_id, :start_date, :end_date, { target_ids: [] }, { activity_ids: [] }, :notes, :member_id, :trainer_id)
end

健身目标工厂：

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :fitness_goal do
association :goal_list
association :timeframe
start_date Date.current
end_date Date.current + 30              
targets ["Lose Fat", "Reduce caloric intake by x%"]
activities ["Walk x steps a day", "Climb x floors a day", "Run x miles a day"]      
association :member
association :trainer
notes 'This is a sample note.'
  end
end

---

我做错了什么？应用程序代码在开发和生产环境中都能正常工作。看来问题出在我为FactoryGirl对象设置的某个地方。实现HABTM关联是打破控制器测试的原因。如何解决该问题并使控制器测试再次通过？谢谢你的帮助

您需要更改工厂以将目标对象而不是字符串传递给该关联。因此，您需要创建目标对象（或者找到它们，如果它们已经存在的话）。改变

到

我使用的标签是“field”，因为我不确定该字段的名称，所以只需使用它的名称即可

create_table "fitness_goals_targets", id: false, force: true do |t|
  t.integer "fitness_goal_id"
  t.integer "target_id"

def fitness_goal_params
  params.require(:fitness_goal).permit(:goal_list_id, :timeframe_id, :start_date, :end_date, { target_ids: [] }, { activity_ids: [] }, :notes, :member_id, :trainer_id)
end

FactoryGirl.define do
  factory :fitness_goal do
association :goal_list
association :timeframe
start_date Date.current
end_date Date.current + 30              
targets ["Lose Fat", "Reduce caloric intake by x%"]
activities ["Walk x steps a day", "Climb x floors a day", "Run x miles a day"]      
association :member
association :trainer
notes 'This is a sample note.'
  end
end

targets ["Lose Fat", "Reduce caloric intake by x%"]

targets { [create(:target, field: "Lose Fat"), create(:target, field: "Reduce caloric intake by x%")] }