Python 3.x 使用Python解析XML

我有一个需要解析的XML，如下图所示，它在2 elementse.g之间有映射。SAPClient_测试映射到SAPClient

<logicalModel id="Join_1">
    <descriptions/>
    <attributes>
      <attribute id="SAPClient_Test" order="1" attributeHierarchyActive="false" displayAttribute="false">
        <descriptions defaultDescription="Client"/>
        <keyMapping columnObjectName="Join_1" columnName="SAPClient"/>
      </attribute>
      <attribute id="RegionCode" order="2" attributeHierarchyActive="false" displayAttribute="false">
        <descriptions defaultDescription="First Region"/>
        <keyMapping columnObjectName="Join_1" columnName="RegionCode"/>
      </attribute>
      <attribute id="CountryCode" order="3" attributeHierarchyActive="false" displayAttribute="false">
        <descriptions defaultDescription="Country Code"/>
        <keyMapping columnObjectName="Join_1" columnName="CountryCode"/>
      </attribute>
      <attribute id="CountryName" order="4" attributeHierarchyActive="false" displayAttribute="false">
        <descriptions defaultDescription="Country Name"/>
        <keyMapping columnObjectName="Join_1" columnName="CountryName"/>
      </attribute>
      <attribute id="Nationality" order="5" attributeHierarchyActive="false" displayAttribute="false">
        <descriptions defaultDescription="Nationality"/>
        <keyMapping columnObjectName="Join_1" columnName="Nationality"/>
      </attribute>
    </attributes>
    <calculatedAttributes/>
    <privateDataFoundation>
      <tableProxies/>
      <joins/>
      <layout>
        <shapes/>
      </layout>
    </privateDataFoundation>
    <baseMeasures/>
    <calculatedMeasures/>
    <restrictedMeasures/>
    <localDimensions/>
  </logicalModel>

---

我建议您将xpath与lxml而不是etree结合使用，使用字典而不是列表，并将整个过程简化一点：

import lxml.html as lh
fly = """[your html above]"""

root = lh.fromstring(fly)

leafs = {}
items = root.xpath('.//attributes[./attribute//keymapping]') #this will ensure keymapping exists
for item in items:
    targets = item.xpath('./attribute/@id') #your desired information is in the attribute value of this and the next nodes
    sources = item.xpath('./attribute/descriptions/@defaultdescription')
    #targets and sources are both lists, so you need to zip through them:
    for target,source in zip(targets,sources):
        leafs[target]=source #add each couple to the dictionary
for target, source in leafs.items():
    print(target, '--->',source)

输出：

SAPClient_Test ---> Client
RegionCode ---> First Region
CountryCode ---> Country Code
CountryName ---> Country Name
Nationality ---> Nationality

SAPClient_Test ---> Client
RegionCode ---> First Region
CountryCode ---> Country Code
CountryName ---> Country Name
Nationality ---> Nationality