从jupyter笔记本导入matplotlib失败，而命令行python交互模式工作

我正在使用venv

python --version
   Python 3.6.1
pip3 version: 
   pip 9.0.1 from /Users/zhiyin/ml/venv3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

import matplotlib

在python shell中工作

但是，在jupyter模式下，它会失败，并出现以下错误：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ModuleNotFoundError                       Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-3-d1ff1f5634e7> in <module>()
          1 # Render our plots inline
    ----> 2 get_ipython().magic('matplotlib inline')
          3 
          4 import pandas as pd
          5 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py in magic(self, arg_s)
       2144         magic_name, _, magic_arg_s = arg_s.partition(' ')
       2145         magic_name = magic_name.lstrip(prefilter.ESC_MAGIC)
    -> 2146         return self.run_line_magic(magic_name, magic_arg_s)
       2147 
       2148     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------

/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py in run_line_magic(self, magic_name, line)
       2065                 kwargs['local_ns'] = sys._getframe(stack_depth).f_locals
       2066             with self.builtin_trap:
    -> 2067                 result = fn(*args,**kwargs)
       2068             return result
       2069 

    <decorator-gen-107> in matplotlib(self, line)

    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/magic.py in <lambda>(f, *a, **k)
        185     # but it's overkill for just that one bit of state.
        186     def magic_deco(arg):
    --> 187         call = lambda f, *a, **k: f(*a, **k)
        188 
        189         if callable(arg):

/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/pylab.py in matplotlib(self, line)
         97             print("Available matplotlib backends: %s" % backends_list)
         98         else:
    ---> 99             gui, backend = self.shell.enable_matplotlib(args.gui)
        100             self._show_matplotlib_backend(args.gui, backend)
        101 

    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-
    packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py in enable_matplotlib(self, gui)
       2916         """
       2917         from IPython.core import pylabtools as pt
    -> 2918         gui, backend = pt.find_gui_and_backend(gui, self.pylab_gui_select)
       2919 
       2920         if gui != 'inline':

    /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.py in find_gui_and_backend(gui, gui_select)
        267     """
        268 
    --> 269     import matplotlib
        270 
        271     if gui and gui != 'auto':

    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'matplotlib'

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ModuleNotFoundError回溯（上次最近调用）
在（）
1#在线渲染我们的绘图
---->2 get_ipython（）.magic（'matplotlib inline'）
3.
4进口熊猫作为pd
5导入matplotlib.pyplot作为plt
/magic中的Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py（self，arg_s）
2144 magic_名称，magic_arg_s=arg_s.分区（“”）
2145 magic_name=magic_name.lstrip（prefilter.ESC_magic）
->2146返回自我。运行幻术（幻术名称，幻术参数）
2147
2148     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
/run\u line\u magic（self，magic\u name，line）中的Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py
2065 kwargs['local\u ns']=sys.\u getframe（堆栈深度）.f\u locals
2066带自建存水弯：
->2067结果=fn（*args，**kwargs）
2068返回结果
2069
在matplotlib中（自身，行）
/（f，*a，**k）中的Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/magic.py
185#但就这一点来说就太过分了。
186 def魔术装饰（arg）：
-->187调用=λf，*a，**k:f（*a，**k）
188
189如果可调用（arg）：
/matplotlib中的Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/magics/pylab.py（self，line）
97打印（“可用matplotlib后端：%s”%backends\u列表）
98其他：
--->99 gui，backend=self.shell.enable_matplotlib（args.gui）
100 self.\u show\u matplotlib\u后端（args.gui，后端）
101
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-
enable_matplotlib（self，gui）中的packages/IPython/core/interactiveshell.py
2916         """
2917从IPython.core导入pylabtools作为pt
->2918 gui，backend=pt.find_gui_和_backend（gui，self.pylab_gui_select）
2919
2920如果gui！=“内联”：
/find_gui_和_backend（gui，gui_select）中的Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site-packages/IPython/core/pylabtools.py
267     """
268
-->269导入matplotlib
270
271如果gui和gui！='自动'：
ModuleNotFoundError:没有名为“matplotlib”的模块

在pythonshell和jupyter中，sys.path的值是多少，shell:'PATH'：'/Users/zhiyin/ml/venv3.6/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Frameworks/3.6/bin:/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/bin:/Users/zhiyin/Library/meld-osx-9:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/os.environment，Jupyter笔记本中的路径，“/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/bin:/Users/zhiyin/ml/venv3.6/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Versions/2.7/bin:/Library/Frameworks/3.6/bin:/Library/Frameworks/Python.Frameworks/Versions/3.5/bin:/Users/zhiyin/Library/meld-osx-9:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/sbin:/shell:sys.path中的”在jupyter，sys.path是：[''，/Library/Frameworks/Python.Frameworks/Versions/3.6/lib/Python.6'，'/Library/Frameworks/Python.Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/Python.36.zip'，'/Users/zhiyin/ml/venv3.6/lib/Python.6/site packages'][“”，/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python36.zip'，“/Library/Frameworks/python3.6'，”/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload'，“/Library/Frameworks/python3.6/Versions/site-packages'，”/Library/Frameworks/python3.6/python3.6/site-packagesions/3.6/lib/python3.6/site packages/IPython/extensions'，'/Users/zhiyin/.IPython']