Python 3请求或urllib-如何始终添加头？

标题说明了一切：是否有一种“最好”的方法总是向每个请求添加标题？我有一个内部工具，希望将请求ID发送到其他内部工具；我在寻找一个幸运的解决方案。我浏览了两者的文档，似乎这不是一个受欢迎的要求，因为我找不到烹饪书的例子

我正在考虑几个解决方案：

在我自己的瘦包装中包装请求并使用它。需要教导代码开发人员记住不要

导入请求

，而要

导入myrequestswrapper as requests

猴子补丁请求。我不喜欢猴子打补丁，但也许就这一次。。。？我害怕在需要不向这个特定系统发送头的时候

编辑：为什么我不考虑请求。会话：它存储cookie，并需要在保持连接打开时进行处理。

创建一个，这是下面显示的第一件事：

并使用会话执行请求。正如您所说的，您不希望在请求之间保留cookie，您可以将

会话子类化：

In [64]: from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter

In [65]: from requests.cookies import cookiejar_from_dict

In [66]: class CookieMonsterSession(Session):
    ...:     
    ...:     def __init__(self, *args, **kwgs):
    ...:         super(CookieMonsterSession, self).__init__(*args, **kwgs)
    ...:         # Override default adapters with 0-pooling adapters
    ...:         self.mount('https://', HTTPAdapter(pool_connections=1,
    ...:                                            pool_maxsize=0))
    ...:         self.mount('http://', HTTPAdapter(pool_connections=1,
    ...:                                           pool_maxsize=0))
    ...:     @property
    ...:     def cookies(self):
    ...:         """ Freshly baked cookies, always!"""
    ...:         return cookiejar_from_dict({})
    ...:     @cookies.setter
    ...:     def cookies(self, newcookies):
    ...:         """ OM NOM NOM NOM..."""
    ...:         pass
    ...:     

In [67]: s = CookieMonsterSession()

In [69]: real_s = Session()

In [70]: s.get('http://www.google.fi')
Out[70]: <Response [200]>

In [71]: s.cookies
Out[71]: <RequestsCookieJar[]>

In [72]: real_s.get('http://www.google.fi')
Out[72]: <Response [200]>

In [73]: real_s.cookies
Out[73]: <RequestsCookieJar[Cookie(version=0, name='NID', value='86=14qy...Rurx', port=None, port_specified=False, domain='.google.fi', domain_specified=True, domain_initial_dot=True, path='/', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=1489744358, discard=False, comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False)]>

在行动中：

In [1]: import customrequests as requests

In [2]: print(requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers').text)
{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.11.1"
  }
}


In [3]: requests.custom_headers['X-Test'] = "I'm always here"

In [4]: print(requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers').text)
{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.11.1", 
    "X-Test": "I'm always here"
  }
}

想了想，但是：它存储我不想要的cookies，还保持连接打开，这在应用的整个生命周期中可能会有问题。如果这些都是问题，我建议按照你最初的包装想法。在查看代码时，如果添加的内容正在使用或未使用，这一点是显而易见的。
# customrequests.py
from functools import wraps
from requests import api as requests_api

custom_headers = {}


def _header_wrapper(f):
    @wraps(f)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwgs):
        headers = kwgs.pop('headers', None) or {}
        headers.update(custom_headers)
        return f(*args, headers=headers, **kwgs)

    return wrapper

request = _header_wrapper(requests_api.request)
get = _header_wrapper(requests_api.get)
options = _header_wrapper(requests_api.options)
head = _header_wrapper(requests_api.head)
post = _header_wrapper(requests_api.post)
put = _header_wrapper(requests_api.put)
patch = _header_wrapper(requests_api.patch)
delete = _header_wrapper(requests_api.delete)

In [1]: import customrequests as requests

In [2]: print(requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers').text)
{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.11.1"
  }
}


In [3]: requests.custom_headers['X-Test'] = "I'm always here"

In [4]: print(requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers').text)
{
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*", 
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate", 
    "Host": "httpbin.org", 
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.11.1", 
    "X-Test": "I'm always here"
  }
}