Python 尝试使用hashlib和flask散列用户名并将其存储在数据库中

我正在尝试使用hashlib散列一个用户名，在将其提交到数据库之前，我从表单中获取该用户名

代码：

它给了我一个错误：绑定参数2时出错-可能是不支持的类型。散列和存储一个值应该相对容易，所以我真的不确定哪里出错了。我也遵循了hashlib上的文档

任何帮助都将不胜感激

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编辑：在玩了一会儿之后，我设法想出了一个不同的错误。我将哈希代码更改为如下所示：

hashedusername = hashlib.sha256(str('username'))
            #create new user using User schema
            new_account = Account(email=email, username=hashedusername, password=generate_password_hash(password1, method='sha256'))

回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2464, in __call__
    return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
    response = self.handle_exception(e)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1821, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1936, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/home/nicholas/Documents/CY 324 Web App/website/auth.py", line 71, in signup
    hashedusername = hashlib.sha256(str('username'))
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing

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我认为您应该使用hashlib.sha256（username.encode（'utf-8'））.hexdigest（）。函数返回一个哈希对象，从中提取摘要。请参阅上面的注释：我也这样做了，生成了一个“字符串”，您的绑定很可能会检查该字符串。对不起，您是说

hexdigest（）

是作为字符串的哈希值吗？因此，

hashlib.sha256（）

返回的哈希对象不是字符串？你的解决方案成功了，所以还是谢谢你：）@Nicholas你的数据库需要一个字符串

hashlib.sha256

返回哈希对象。函数

hexdigest

将摘要作为字节对象查询，并将其转换为十六进制字符串。

hashedusername = hashlib.sha256(str('username'))
            #create new user using User schema
            new_account = Account(email=email, username=hashedusername, password=generate_password_hash(password1, method='sha256'))

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2464, in __call__
    return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2450, in wsgi_app
    response = self.handle_exception(e)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1867, in handle_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 2447, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1952, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1821, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/_compat.py", line 39, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1950, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/home/nicholas/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1936, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/home/nicholas/Documents/CY 324 Web App/website/auth.py", line 71, in signup
    hashedusername = hashlib.sha256(str('username'))
TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing