Python 如何解决django中的循环导入错误？

我知道这个错误可能是由于循环导入错误造成的，但我对它知之甚少，所以无法更正它。我尝试过使用类似问题中给出的方法，但无法解决。该项目有两个应用程序consult和main，我需要将它们的模型相互导入

请参阅/models.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from main.models import Customer


class Question(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="SkinCare")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=1000000)
    image = models.FileField(blank=True, default=None)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)


class Reply(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.CharField(max_length=10000000000)
    like = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    dislike = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from consult.models import Question, Reply


class Customer(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    skin_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hair_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    bookmarked = models.ManyToManyField(Question)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name)

import main.models.Customer

import consult.models.Question
import consult.models.Reply

main/models.py

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from main.models import Customer


class Question(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="SkinCare")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=1000000)
    image = models.FileField(blank=True, default=None)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)


class Reply(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.CharField(max_length=10000000000)
    like = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    dislike = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from consult.models import Question, Reply


class Customer(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    skin_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hair_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    bookmarked = models.ManyToManyField(Question)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name)

import main.models.Customer

import consult.models.Question
import consult.models.Reply

当我运行“尝试迁移AppP”时，出现以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-
py3.5.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 367, in execute_from_
command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-
py3.5.egg\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 341, in execute
django.setup()
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\__init__.py", line 27, 
in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\registry.py", line 
108, in populate
    app_config.import_models(all_models)
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site-packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\config.py", line 
199, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 665, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in 
_call_with_frames_removed
  File "C:\New folder\WebD\zerovey\consult\models.py", line 3, in <module>
    from main.models import Customer
  File "C:\New folder\WebD\zerovey\main\models.py", line 3, in <module>
    from consult.models import Question, Reply
ImportError: cannot import name 'Question'

回溯（最近一次呼叫最后一次）：
文件“manage.py”，第22行，在
从命令行（sys.argv）执行命令
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site packages\django-1.10.4-
py3.5.egg\django\core\management\\ uuuu init\ uuuuuuu.py“，第367行，执行自_
命令行
utility.execute（）
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site packages\django-1.10.4-
py3.5.egg\django\core\management\\ uuuuu init\ uuuuuuuu.py”，执行中第341行
django.setup（）
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\\uuuuu init\uuuuuu.py”，第27行，
设置中
应用程序。填充（设置。已安装的应用程序）
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\registry.py“，行
108，在
app_config.import_models（所有_models）
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\site packages\django-1.10.4-py3.5.egg\django\apps\config.py“，行
199，在进口车型中
self.models\u module=导入模块（models\u module\u name）
文件“C:\Users\Nikhil Khandelwal\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-
32\lib\importlib\\ uuuuu init\uuuuuuu.py”，第126行，在导入模块中
return _bootstrap._gcd_import（名称[级别：]，包，级别）
文件“”，第986行，在_gcd_import中
文件“”，第969行，在“查找”和“加载”中
文件“”，第958行，在“查找”和“加载”中解锁
文件“”，第673行，在“加载”中
exec_模块中第665行的文件“”
文件“”，第222行，在
_在已删除\u帧的情况下调用\u
文件“C:\New folder\WebD\zerovy\consult\models.py”，第3行，在
从main.models导入客户
文件“C:\New folder\WebD\zerovy\main\models.py”，第3行，在
从consult.models导入问题，回答
ImportError:无法导入名称“问题”

---

考虑到我是Django的初学者，请提前感谢：）

尝试将您的导入更改为以下内容： 在consult/models.py中

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from main.models import Customer


class Question(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="SkinCare")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=1000000)
    image = models.FileField(blank=True, default=None)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)


class Reply(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.CharField(max_length=10000000000)
    like = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    dislike = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from consult.models import Question, Reply


class Customer(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    skin_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hair_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    bookmarked = models.ManyToManyField(Question)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name)

import main.models.Customer

import consult.models.Question
import consult.models.Reply

在main/models.py中

from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from main.models import Customer


class Question(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=100, default="SkinCare")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    body = models.CharField(max_length=1000000)
    image = models.FileField(blank=True, default=None)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)


class Reply(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(Question, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    user = models.ForeignKey(Customer, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    text = models.CharField(max_length=10000000000)
    like = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    dislike = models.IntegerField(default=0)
    time = models.DateTimeField()
    deltatime = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.time)

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from consult.models import Question, Reply


class Customer(models.Model):
    name = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    skin_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hair_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    bookmarked = models.ManyToManyField(Question)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name)

import main.models.Customer

import consult.models.Question
import consult.models.Reply

然后，您使用

main.models.Customer

而不是

Question

或

Reply

而不是

import consult.models.Question

和

consult.models.Reply

在外键和许多字段中使用

to='.

从文件中删除导入模型添加foreignkey和模型中的许多字段，就像我在下面的代码中所做的那样。

to='consult.Question'

当我们从makemifreation命令创建迁移时，在迁移文件中使用硬代码模型名，所以使用相同的方法写入Foreignkey和Manytomany字段

from django.contrib.auth.models import User 
from django.db import models
class Customer(models.Model): 
    name = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True) 
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    skin_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    hair_type = models.CharField(max_length=1000)
    bookmarked = models.ManyToManyField(to='consult.Question')

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.name)

---

请添加错误的回溯。我尝试使用您的建议@omu_negrou，但出现以下错误：-我也尝试从“作为mm的主导入模型”中进行操作，但出现错误“AttributeError:module'consult.models'没有属性'Question'”尝试将

删除为mm

，然后使用完全限定的导入路径，并告诉我删除mm是否会导致错误，因为现在已经从django.db导入模型和从主导入模型导入了两个模型