Python 将我的Qdialog更改为QMainWindow

根据一些随机的例子，我砍掉了这扇漂亮的窗户。我后悔使用

QDialog

示例而不是

QMainWindow

。我喜欢

QMainWindow的外观及其功能。现在我无法转换（完全无知）。代码越来越长，所以我想我应该从
QMainWindow
调用这段代码，但是当我调用时，会出现一些灾难，导致所有python关闭。我可以将其转换为
QMainWindow
或从
QMainWindow
调用它吗

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as    NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg



class Window(QtGui.QDialog):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)
        self.resize(900,600)

        layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self)
        Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
        Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
        spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem(20,40)
        spacer2 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(10,40)

        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Rod")
        font.setPointSize(23)
        font2 = QtGui.QFont()
        font2.setFamily("Rod")
        font2.setPointSize(18)
        font3 = QtGui.QFont()
        font3.setFamily("Rod")
        font3.setPointSize(13)

        #Plotting Methods from Matplotlib
        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(525)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(725)
        self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)


       #Labels
        self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setText("  Welcome to PPMS Data Analyser")
        self.label.setMaximumSize(625,30)

        label2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        label2.setFont(font2)
        label2.setText("Select Plot:")

        x_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        x_label.setFont(font3)
        x_label.setText("x axis:")

        y_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        y_label.setFont(font3)
        y_label.setText("y axis:")

        #Push Buttons
        fileSelect = QtGui.QPushButton('Select File')
        fileSelect.setMaximumSize(70,25)
        fileSelect.clicked.connect(self.plot)
        goPlot = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
        goPlot.setMaximumSize(60,20)
        goPlot.clicked.connect(self.plot)





        # x axis radio buttons
        groupBox = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio2.setChecked(True)


        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(x_label)
        vbox.addWidget(radio1)
        vbox.addWidget(radio2)
        vbox.addWidget(radio3)
        vbox.addWidget(radioa)
        vbox.addWidget(radiob)
        vbox.addWidget(radioc)
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        groupBox.setLayout(vbox)

        # y axis radio buttons
        groupBox2 = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio12 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio22 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio32 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio32.setChecked(True)

        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox2.addWidget(y_label)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio12)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio22)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio32)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioa2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radiob2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioc2)
        vbox2.addStretch(1)
        groupBox2.setLayout(vbox2)

        #Box for 2 radio boxes
        hbox0 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox)
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox2)
        hbox0.addStretch(0)

        Left.addWidget(self.label)
        Left.addWidget(self.canvas)
        Left.addWidget(self.toolbar)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(fileSelect)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(label2)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)
        Right.addWidget(goPlot)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)

        layout.addLayout(Left)
        layout.addLayout(Right)


    def plot(self):
        ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.hold(False)
        ax.plot([1,2],[3,4])
        plt.grid()
        plt.title('Test Plot')
        self.canvas.draw()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    main = Window()
    main.setWindowTitle('PPMS Seebeck Calculator')
    main.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

QMainWindow
具有预设布局。首先，您需要为
QMainWindow
创建一个
“中心小部件”
，并将您自己的布局添加到该小部件中。这是工作代码：

import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QTAgg as    NavigationToolbar
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg



class Window(QtGui.QMainWindow):

    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super(Window, self).__init__(parent)
        self.resize(900,600)

        self.central_widget = QtGui.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

        layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        spacer = QtGui.QSpacerItem(20,40)
        spacer2 = QtGui.QSpacerItem(10,40)

        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setFamily("Rod")
        font.setPointSize(23)
        font2 = QtGui.QFont()
        font2.setFamily("Rod")
        font2.setPointSize(18)
        font3 = QtGui.QFont()
        font3.setFamily("Rod")
        font3.setPointSize(13)

        #Plotting Methods from Matplotlib
        self.figure = plt.figure()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(525)
        self.canvas.setMaximumHeight(725)
        self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)


        #Labels
        self.label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        self.label.setFont(font)
        self.label.setText("  Welcome to PPMS Data Analyser")
        self.label.setMaximumSize(625,30)

        label2 = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        label2.setFont(font2)
        label2.setText("Select Plot:")

        x_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        x_label.setFont(font3)
        x_label.setText("x axis:")

        y_label = QtGui.QLabel(self)
        y_label.setFont(font3)
        y_label.setText("y axis:")

        #Push Buttons
        fileSelect = QtGui.QPushButton('Select File')
        fileSelect.setMaximumSize(70,25)
        fileSelect.clicked.connect(self.plot)
        goPlot = QtGui.QPushButton('Plot')
        goPlot.setMaximumSize(60,20)
        goPlot.clicked.connect(self.plot)





        # x axis radio buttons
        groupBox = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio1 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio3 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio2.setChecked(True)


        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox.addWidget(x_label)
        vbox.addWidget(radio1)
        vbox.addWidget(radio2)
        vbox.addWidget(radio3)
        vbox.addWidget(radioa)
        vbox.addWidget(radiob)
        vbox.addWidget(radioc)
        vbox.addStretch(1)
        groupBox.setLayout(vbox)

        # y axis radio buttons
        groupBox2 = QtGui.QGroupBox()
        radio12 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Time")
        radio22 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta T")
        radio32 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Delta V")
        radioa2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Hot Side Temp")
        radiob2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("Cold Side Temp")
        radioc2 = QtGui.QRadioButton("System Temp")
        radio32.setChecked(True)

        # Vertically aligns these buttons
        vbox2 = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
        vbox2.addWidget(y_label)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio12)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio22)
        vbox2.addWidget(radio32)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioa2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radiob2)
        vbox2.addWidget(radioc2)
        vbox2.addStretch(1)
        groupBox2.setLayout(vbox2)

        #Box for 2 radio boxes
        hbox0 = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox)
        hbox0.addWidget(groupBox2)
        hbox0.addStretch(0)

        Left.addWidget(self.label)
        Left.addWidget(self.canvas)
        Left.addWidget(self.toolbar)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(fileSelect)
        Right.addItem(spacer)
        Right.addWidget(label2)
        Right.addLayout(hbox0)
        Right.addWidget(goPlot)
        #Right.addLayout(hbox0)

        layout.addLayout(Left)
        layout.addLayout(Right)

        self.central_widget.setLayout(layout)

    def plot(self):
        ax = self.figure.add_subplot(111)
        ax.hold(False)
        ax.plot([1,2],[3,4])
        plt.grid()
        plt.title('Test Plot')
        self.canvas.draw()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)

    main = Window()
    main.setWindowTitle('PPMS Seebeck Calculator')
    main.show()

    sys.exit(app.exec_())

我就是这么做的：

1） 已创建
中心小部件
：

self.central_widget = QtGui.QWidget()
self.setCentralWidget(self.central_widget)

2） 要避免此警告：
QLayout:正在尝试将QLayout“”添加到已更改布局的窗口“”

layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(self)
Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)

到

并在第二个
右侧注释。添加布局（hbox0）



3） 设置了
central\u widget的布局
：
self.central\u widget.setLayout（layout）
小错误，但您的代码对我有用（Python 3.3）。代码运行良好，但我希望将此QDialog程序更改为可与QMainWindow一起使用的程序。非常感谢。这太完美了！
layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
Right = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
Left = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()