Python 使用按钮使多选项卡tkinter应用程序正常工作

我有一个使用Python tkinter的小测试应用程序，我开始工作了。问题是，按下“退出”按钮时，它无法正确退出。这是一个两帧选项卡式应用程序，我从StackOverflow问题开始

它现在是一个完整的示例，可以工作，但需要工作，因为它不能正确退出。当我按下“退出”按钮时，它会终止该选项卡的框架，但应用程序不会正确退出。我必须点击窗口“X”关闭图标才能关闭它

我的主要问题是如何（在哪里？）在“英尺到米”计算器上的“退出”按钮或BMI计算器上的“取消/退出”按钮上测试事件

第二个问题是，应用程序的设计对我来说似乎效率低下，因为它创建了两个小部件“框架”对象，每个小部件都有自己的一组按钮，包括两个“退出”按钮。如何将这些选项卡和框架放入父窗口，然后在该父窗口上添加退出按钮以关闭整个应用程序

我修改了按钮以正确销毁按钮所在的框架：

将按钮2“command=self.quit”更改为“command=self.destroy” self.button2=ttk.Button（self，text=“取消/退出”，command=self.Quit）.grid（行=3，列=1，粘性=E） 到

self.button2=ttk.Button（self，text=“取消/退出”，command=self.destroy）.grid（行=3，列=1，粘性=E）

---

按下“退出”按钮时，应用程序不会退出。只有单个帧退出。

感谢Martineau的提示，帮助我实现了这个示例。我将“window”声明为全局变量，因为它是在类构造函数的名称空间中定义的。否则，将引发未定义窗口的错误。此方法通过将

窗口

作为全局文件传递，打破了类的封装性和模块性。如果有更好的方法，我想知道

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
""" Created on Thu Jul 11 17:20:22 2019   
    Filename: tkinter-multiple-frames-windows_v3.py
    From question on StackOverflow question "ttk tkinter multiple frames/windows"
    at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6035101/ttk-tkinter-multiple-frames-windows?rq=1
    Now a full example that works but it needed some modification to clarify how it works.
"""

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox

class BMICalcApp(ttk.Frame):
    """ This application calculates BMI and returns a value. """ 

    def __init__(self, master=None):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
        #text variables
        self.i_height = StringVar()
        self.i_weight = StringVar()
        self.o_bmi = StringVar()

        #labels
        self.label1 = ttk.Label(self, text="Enter your weight:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
        self.label2 = ttk.Label(self, text="Enter your height:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
        self.label3 = ttk.Label(self, text="Your BMI is:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)

        #text boxes
        self.textbox1 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.i_weight).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=E)
        self.textbox2 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.i_height).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
        self.textbox3 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.o_bmi).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=E)

        #buttons
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self, text="Ok", command=self.calculateBmi).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=E)
        self.button2 = ttk.Button(self, text="Cancel/Quit", command=window.destroy).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=E)

    def calculateBmi(self):
        try:
            self.weight = float(self.i_weight.get())
            self.height = float(self.i_height.get())
            self.bmi = self.weight / self.height ** 2.0
            self.o_bmi.set(self.bmi)
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showinfo("Error", "You can only use numbers.")
        finally:
            self.i_weight.set("")
            self.i_height.set("")

class ConvertFeetMeters(ttk.Frame):
    """ Application to convert feet to meters or vice versa. """
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        """Create the widgets for the GUI"""
        # 1 textbox (stringvar)
        self.entry= StringVar()
        self.textBox1= ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.entry).grid(row=0, column=1)

        # 5 labels (3 static, 1 stringvar)
        self.displayLabel1 = ttk.Label(self, text="feet").grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W)
        self.displayLabel2 = ttk.Label(self, text="is equivalent to:").grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.result= StringVar()
        self.displayLabel3 = ttk.Label(self, textvariable=self.result).grid(row=1, column=1)
        self.displayLabel4 = ttk.Label(self, text="meters").grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=W)

        # 2 buttons
        self.calculateButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Calculate", command=self.convert_feet_to_meters).grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=(S,E))
        self.quitButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Quit", command=window.destroy).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=(S,E))

    def convert_feet_to_meters(self):
        """Converts feet to meters, uses string vars and converts them to floats"""
        self.measurement = float(self.entry.get())
        self.meters = self.measurement * 0.3048
        self.result.set(self.meters)


def main():
    #Setup Tk()
    global window 
    window = Tk()

    #Setup the notebook (tabs)
    notebook = ttk.Notebook(window)
    frame1 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
    frame2 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
    notebook.add(frame1, text="BMI Calc")
    notebook.add(frame2, text="Feet to Meters")
    notebook.grid()

    #Create tab frames
    bmi_calc = BMICalcApp(master=frame1)
    bmi_calc.grid()
    feet_meters_calc = ConvertFeetMeters(master=frame2)
    feet_meters_calc.grid()

    #Main loop
    window.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

---

您是否尝试在主窗口上调用

quit

或

destroy

，因为这正是您要销毁的内容？是的。成功了。谢谢你的提示。为了让它工作起来，并且更加高效，我将

'window

声明为一个全局变量，因为它是在类构造函数的名称空间中定义的。否则，将引发未定义的

窗口

的错误。最后的工作代码发布在下面。我不知道为什么有人对这个问题投了反对票，这就删除了我的名誉点。如果有人（可能是落选的选民）能提供澄清，我将不胜感激，这样我就不会再犯同样的错误。非常感谢。

    # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
""" Created on Thu Jul 11 17:20:22 2019   
    Filename: tkinter-multiple-frames-windows_v3.py
    From question on StackOverflow question "ttk tkinter multiple frames/windows"
    at https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6035101/ttk-tkinter-multiple-frames-windows?rq=1
    Now a full example that works but it needed some modification to clarify how it works.
"""

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox

class BMICalcApp(ttk.Frame):
    """ This application calculates BMI and returns a value. """ 

    def __init__(self, master=None):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.createWidgets()

    def createWidgets(self):
        #text variables
        self.i_height = StringVar()
        self.i_weight = StringVar()
        self.o_bmi = StringVar()

        #labels
        self.label1 = ttk.Label(self, text="Enter your weight:").grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=W)
        self.label2 = ttk.Label(self, text="Enter your height:").grid(row=1, column=0, sticky=W)
        self.label3 = ttk.Label(self, text="Your BMI is:").grid(row=2, column=0, sticky=W)

        #text boxes
        self.textbox1 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.i_weight).grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=E)
        self.textbox2 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.i_height).grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=E)
        self.textbox3 = ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.o_bmi).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=E)

        #buttons
        self.button1 = ttk.Button(self, text="Ok", command=self.calculateBmi).grid(row=3, column=2, sticky=E)
        self.button2 = ttk.Button(self, text="Cancel/Quit", command=window.destroy).grid(row=3, column=1, sticky=E)

    def calculateBmi(self):
        try:
            self.weight = float(self.i_weight.get())
            self.height = float(self.i_height.get())
            self.bmi = self.weight / self.height ** 2.0
            self.o_bmi.set(self.bmi)
        except ValueError:
            messagebox.showinfo("Error", "You can only use numbers.")
        finally:
            self.i_weight.set("")
            self.i_height.set("")

class ConvertFeetMeters(ttk.Frame):
    """ Application to convert feet to meters or vice versa. """
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.grid()
        self.create_widgets()

    def create_widgets(self):
        """Create the widgets for the GUI"""
        # 1 textbox (stringvar)
        self.entry= StringVar()
        self.textBox1= ttk.Entry(self, textvariable=self.entry).grid(row=0, column=1)

        # 5 labels (3 static, 1 stringvar)
        self.displayLabel1 = ttk.Label(self, text="feet").grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=W)
        self.displayLabel2 = ttk.Label(self, text="is equivalent to:").grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.result= StringVar()
        self.displayLabel3 = ttk.Label(self, textvariable=self.result).grid(row=1, column=1)
        self.displayLabel4 = ttk.Label(self, text="meters").grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=W)

        # 2 buttons
        self.calculateButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Calculate", command=self.convert_feet_to_meters).grid(row=2, column=2, sticky=(S,E))
        self.quitButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Quit", command=window.destroy).grid(row=2, column=1, sticky=(S,E))

    def convert_feet_to_meters(self):
        """Converts feet to meters, uses string vars and converts them to floats"""
        self.measurement = float(self.entry.get())
        self.meters = self.measurement * 0.3048
        self.result.set(self.meters)


def main():
    #Setup Tk()
    global window 
    window = Tk()

    #Setup the notebook (tabs)
    notebook = ttk.Notebook(window)
    frame1 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
    frame2 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
    notebook.add(frame1, text="BMI Calc")
    notebook.add(frame2, text="Feet to Meters")
    notebook.grid()

    #Create tab frames
    bmi_calc = BMICalcApp(master=frame1)
    bmi_calc.grid()
    feet_meters_calc = ConvertFeetMeters(master=frame2)
    feet_meters_calc.grid()

    #Main loop
    window.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()