Python：在列表中查找最长/最短单词并在函数中调用它们

我有一个单词列表： 单词=[“阿尔法”、“欧米茄”、“向上”、“向下”、“上方”、“下方”、“紫色”、“红色”、“蓝色”、“绿色”] 我有两个函数用于查找列表中最短和最长的单词：

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    largestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if largestWord<len(word):
            largestWord=len(word)
            largestWord=word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord

def smallWords(list=[], *args):
    smallestWord=""
    smallestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if smallestLen>len(word):
            smallestLen>len(word)
            smallestWord=word
    print "The shortest word(s) in the list is: %s." % (smallestWord)

这只是返回，而不输入列表中的单词：

The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The longest word(s) in the list is .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .
The shortest word(s) in the list is: .

---

不知道为什么，非常感谢您的帮助。

首先，您的函数代码

bigWords

中有一个错误。你应该和长度而不是单词进行比较，如下所示

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    largestLen=0
    for word in list:
        if largestLen<len(word):
            largestLen=len(word)
            largestWord=word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord

---

如果您愿意，有更简单的方法来解决问题：

words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]
sortedwords = sorted(words, key=len)
print "The number of words in the list is: %s." % (len(words),)
print "The shortest word in the list is: %s." % (sortedwords[0],)
print "The longest word in the list is: %s." % (sortedwords[-1],)

这将产生：

The number of words in the list is: 10.
The shortest word in the list is: up.
The longest word in the list is: purple.

---

你是如此接近-但我认为问题在于

callFunctions（）

。您正在将

func_list2

中的函数映射到words数组中的每个字符串，而不是将函数作为一个整体应用到数组。使用map是个好主意，它是一个强大的函数，但您不需要在这里使用它。下面是我用测试工具测试的代码。试试看。祝你学习/做的项目好运

def bigWords(list=[], *args):
    largestWord=""
    for word in list:       
        if len(largestWord)<len(word):
            largestWord= word
    print "The longest word(s) in the list is %s." % largestWord
    return largestWord

def smallWords(list=[], *args):
    smallestWord = bigWords(list)
    for word in list:
        if len(smallestWord)> len(word):
            smallestWord = word
    print "The shortest word(s) in the list is: %s." % (smallestWord)


def callFunctions():
###Words###
    words=["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

    wordLength=len(words)
    print "The amount of words[] is %d" % wordLength
    func_list2 = [bigWords, smallWords]
    for f in func_list2:
        f(words)

callFunctions()

def bigWords（列表=[]，*args）：
largestWord=“”
对于列表中的单词：
如果len（最大单词）len（单词）：
最小的词
打印“列表中最短的单词是：%s.”%（最短的单词）
def callFunctions（）：
###言语###
单词=[“阿尔法”、“欧米茄”、“向上”、“向下”、“上方”、“下方”、“紫色”、“红色”、“蓝色”、“绿色”]
字长=len（字）
打印“字数[]为%d”%wordLength
func_list2=[bigWords，smallWords]
对于功能列表2中的f：
f（字）
调用函数（）

只需使用以键为长度的max和min函数即可

y = []
for names in range(4):
   name = raw_input('Enter:')
   y += name,
s = max(y, key=len)
r = min(y, key=len)

---

尝试以下简单的解决方案：

def find_longest_and_shortest_word(list_of_words):
    longest_word = list_of_words[0]
    shortest_word = list_of_words[0]
    for word in list_of_words:
        if len(longest_word) < len(word):
            longest_word = word
        if len(shortest_word) > len(word):
            shortest_word = word
    print(f'The longest word is: {longest_word}')
    print(f'The shortest word is: {shortest_word}')
    return longest_word, shortest_word

def查找最长和最短单词（单词列表）：
最长单词=单词列表[0]
最短单词=单词列表[0]
对于单词列表中的单词：
如果len（最长单词）len（单词）：
最短的单词
打印（f'最长单词为：{longest_word}'）
打印（f'最短单词为：{shortest_word}'）
返回最长单词，最短单词

您可以使用

sorted（）

函数对列表进行排序，该函数允许您根据列表中字符串的长度对列表进行排序。为此，您需要添加

key=len

，以便该函数将按长度排序，而不是按字母顺序排序。您还需要赋予函数reverse=true 因此，访问最长的字符串将更容易（它将位于列表的[0]中）

def最长（我的列表）：
my_list=排序（my_list，key=len，reverse=True）
返回我的_列表[0]

列表1=['aaa'，'bbbb'，'CCCC'，'d']
打印（最长（列表1））

def longestWord（单词）：
最长=“”
对于范围内的num（len（words））：
如果是len（最长的），我怎么才能找到最小的单词呢？我的输出总是给我“e”作为最小的单词。@Shayd3您在该函数中也有一个bug。用smallestLen=len（word）替换if块中的第一行。嘿，哈里什！在回答下一个问题之前，请仔细阅读！祝您在SO逗留愉快：）
y = []
for names in range(4):
   name = raw_input('Enter:')
   y += name,
s = max(y, key=len)
r = min(y, key=len)

def find_longest_and_shortest_word(list_of_words):
    longest_word = list_of_words[0]
    shortest_word = list_of_words[0]
    for word in list_of_words:
        if len(longest_word) < len(word):
            longest_word = word
        if len(shortest_word) > len(word):
            shortest_word = word
    print(f'The longest word is: {longest_word}')
    print(f'The shortest word is: {shortest_word}')
    return longest_word, shortest_word

def longestWord(words):
longest=''
for num in range(len(words)):
    if len(longest)<len(words[num]):
        longest=words[num]
print ('longest word is {}'.format(longest))

words = ["alpha","omega","up","down","over","under","purple","red","blue","green"]

#GET LONGEST WORD
max(words, key=len)
>>> 'purple'

#GET SHORTEST WORD
min(words, key=len)
>>> 'up'