Python 使用正则表达式替换文本文件中括号内的对象
我有一个打开的文本文件，f。我需要找到包含文本的方括号的每个实例，包括括号。例如，与-- 它将匹配/打印：Python 使用正则表达式替换文本文件中括号内的对象,python,regex,Python,Regex,我有一个打开的文本文件，f。我需要找到包含文本的方括号的每个实例，包括括号。例如，与-- 它将匹配/打印： 1 - [First] 3 - [Finally] 3 - [B] 一旦我打印了这些匹配项，我想删除它们并规范化任何多余的空白，因此最终文本将是： 1 - This is the line 2 - (And) another line 3 - the last 该函数在概念上看起来是这样的，尽管我在处理它的regex部分时遇到了问题： def find_and_replace(file
1 - [First]
3 - [Finally]
3 - [B]
1 - This is the line
2 - (And) another line
3 - the last
def find_and_replace(file):
f=open(file)
regex = re.compile("[.+]")
find regex.all
for item in regex.all:
print item, line-number
replace(item, '')
normalize white space
“[.+]”+[][a]foo[b]+？“\\[.+？\\]”[]+*“[.+]”+[][a]foo[b]+？“\\[.+？\\]”[]+*re.findall('\[[^\]]+\]', 'foo [bar] baz')
['[bar]']
re.findall('\[[^\]]+\]', 'foo [bar] baz')
['[bar]']
应该适合您您必须退出
[]r'\[.+?\]'
[foo[bar]]\s？>>> a = '''1 - This is the [first] line
2 - (And) another line
3 - [Finally][B] the last
'''
>>> a = re.sub(r'\[.+?\]\s?','',a)
>>> print(a)
1 - This is the line
2 - (And) another line
3 - the last
您必须转义
[]r'\[.+?\]'
[foo[bar]]\s？>>> a = '''1 - This is the [first] line
2 - (And) another line
3 - [Finally][B] the last
'''
>>> a = re.sub(r'\[.+?\]\s?','',a)
>>> print(a)
1 - This is the line
2 - (And) another line
3 - the last
使用JBernardo的正则表达式，要显示每次删除带括号的字符串块时的行及其编号，请执行以下操作：
import re
ss = '''When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:—'''
print ss,'\n'
dico_lines = dict( (n,repr(line)) for n,line in enumerate(ss.splitlines(True),1))
def repl(mat, countline =[1]):
if mat.group(1):
print "line %s: detecting \\n , the counter of lines is incremented -> %s" % (countline[0],countline[0]+1)
countline[0] += 1
return mat.group(1)
else:
print "line %s: removing %10s in %s" % (countline[0],repr(mat.group()),dico_lines[countline[0]])
return ''
print '\n'+re.sub(r'(\n)|\[.*?\] ?',repl,ss)
When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:—
line 1: removing '[xxxx] ' in 'When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,\n'
line 1: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 2
line 2: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 3
line 3: removing '[yyy]' in "With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries\n"
line 3: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 4
line 4: removing '[ZZZZ ] ' in 'Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;\n'
line 4: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 5
line 5: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 6
line 6: removing '[AAA]' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
line 6: removing '[UUUUU] ' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
line 6: removing '[BBBB]' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
When colour goes home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With dancing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gatewaysof the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The rainbow and the rose:—
ss = 'one [two [three] ] end of line'
print re.sub(r'\[.+?\]\s?','',ss)
one ] end of line
ss = 'one [two [three] ] end of line'
print re.sub(r'\[[^\][]*\]\s?','',ss)
由于正则表达式不是解析器，我们不能在不进行迭代的情况下移除包含嵌套括号内块的括号内块，以逐步移除其中几个级别嵌套中的所有括号内块 子类别1 简单地删除嵌套的带括号的块：
import re
ss = '''This is the [first] line
(And) another line
[Inter][A] initially shifted
[Finally][B] the last
Additional ending lines (this one without brackets):
[Note that [ by the way [ref [ 1]] there are] [some] other ]cases
tuvulu[]gusti perena[3] bdiiii
[Away [is this] [][4] ] shifted content
fgjezhr][fgh
'''
def clean(x, regx = re.compile('( |(?<! ))+((?<!])\[[^[\]]*\])( *)')):
while regx.search(x):
print '------------\n',x,'\n','\n'.join(map(str,regx.findall(x)))
x = regx.sub('\\1',x)
return x
print '\n==========================\n'+clean(ss)
[Inter][A] initially shifted
[Away [is this] [][4] ] shifted content
initially shifted
shifted content
def clean(x, regx = re.compile('(?=^( ))?( |(?<! ))+((?<!])\[[^[\]]*\])( )*',re.MULTILINE)):
def repl(mat):
return '' if mat.group(1) else mat.group(2)
while regx.search(x):
print '------------\n',x,'\n','\n'.join(map(str,regx.findall(x)))
x = regx.sub(repl,x)
return x
print '\n==========================\n'+clean(ss)
- 在迭代的每一轮中，线条都会逐渐变化，我们不能使用常量dico_线条
- 此外，在迭代的每一轮，行的计数器必须向下移动到1
import re
ss = '''This is the [first] line
(And) another line
[Inter][A] initially shifted
[Finally][B] the last
Additional ending lines (this one without brackets):
[Note that [ by the way [ref [ 1]] there are] [some] other ]cases
tuvulu[]gusti perena[3] bdiiii
[Away [is this] [][4] ] shifted content
fgjezhr][fgh
'''
def clean(x, rag = re.compile('\[.*\]',re.MULTILINE),
regx = re.compile('(\n)|(?=^( ))?( |(?<! ))+((?<!])\[[^[\]\n]*\])( *)',re.MULTILINE)):
def repl(mat, cnt = None, dico_lignes = None):
if mat.group(1):
print "line %s: detecting %s ==> count incremented to %s" % (cnt[0],str(mat.groups('')),cnt[0]+1)
cnt[0] += 1
return mat.group(1)
if mat.group(4):
print "line %s: removing %s IN %s" % (cnt[0],repr(mat.group(4)),dico_lignes[cnt[0]])
return '' if mat.group(2) else mat.group(3)
while rag.search(x):
print '\n--------------------------\n'+x
repl.func_defaults = ([1],dict( (n,repr(line)) for n,line in enumerate(x.splitlines(True),1)))
x = regx.sub(repl,x)
return x
print '\n==========================\n'+clean(ss)
使用JBernardo的正则表达式，要显示每次删除带括号的字符串块时的行及其编号，请执行以下操作：
import re
ss = '''When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:—'''
print ss,'\n'
dico_lines = dict( (n,repr(line)) for n,line in enumerate(ss.splitlines(True),1))
def repl(mat, countline =[1]):
if mat.group(1):
print "line %s: detecting \\n , the counter of lines is incremented -> %s" % (countline[0],countline[0]+1)
countline[0] += 1
return mat.group(1)
else:
print "line %s: removing %10s in %s" % (countline[0],repr(mat.group()),dico_lines[countline[0]])
return ''
print '\n'+re.sub(r'(\n)|\[.*?\] ?',repl,ss)
When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:—
line 1: removing '[xxxx] ' in 'When colour goes [xxxx] home into the eyes,\n'
line 1: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 2
line 2: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 3
line 3: removing '[yyy]' in "With danc[yyy]ing girls and sweet birds' cries\n"
line 3: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 4
line 4: removing '[ZZZZ ] ' in 'Behind the gateways[ZZZZ ] of the brain;\n'
line 4: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 5
line 5: detecting \n , the counter of lines is incremented -> 6
line 6: removing '[AAA]' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
line 6: removing '[UUUUU] ' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
line 6: removing '[BBBB]' in 'The [AAA]rainbow [UUUUU] and [BBBB]the rose:\x97'
When colour goes home into the eyes,
And lights that shine are shut again,
With dancing girls and sweet birds' cries
Behind the gatewaysof the brain;
And that no-place which gave them birth, shall close
The rainbow and the rose:—
ss = 'one [two [three] ] end of line'
print re.sub(r'\[.+?\]\s?','',ss)
one ] end of line
ss = 'one [two [three] ] end of line'
print re.sub(r'\[[^\][]*\]\s?','',ss)
由于正则表达式不是解析器，我们不能在不进行迭代的情况下移除包含嵌套括号内块的括号内块，以逐步移除其中几个级别嵌套中的所有括号内块 子类别1 简单地删除嵌套的带括号的块：
import re
ss = '''This is the [first] line
(And) another line
[Inter][A] initially shifted
[Finally][B] the last
Additional ending lines (this one without brackets):
[Note that [ by the way [ref [ 1]] there are] [some] other ]cases
tuvulu[]gusti perena[3] bdiiii
[Away [is this] [][4] ] shifted content
fgjezhr][fgh
'''
def clean(x, regx = re.compile('( |(?<! ))+((?<!])\[[^[\]]*\])( *)')):
while regx.search(x):
print '------------\n',x,'\n','\n'.join(map(str,regx.findall(x)))
x = regx.sub('\\1',x)
return x
print '\n==========================\n'+clean(ss)
[Inter][A] initially shifted
[Away [is this] [][4] ] shifted content
initially shifted
shifted content
def clean(x, regx = re.compile('(?=^( ))?( |(?<! ))+((?<!])\[[^[\]]*\])( )*',re.MULTILINE)):
def repl(mat):
return '' if mat.group(1) else mat.group(2)
while regx.search(x):
print '------------\n',x,'\n','\n'.join(map(str,regx.findall(x)))
x = regx.sub(repl,x)
return x
print '\n==========================\n'+clean(ss)